1、Period FiveCommunication Workshop6_ n.one of several parts of sth7_ vt.to succeed in doing sth or completing sth答案ponent7.accomplish.短语天地1_ 多亏，由于2_ 扬帆，启航3_ 发表演说4_ 难怪5_ 与某人私奔6feel down_7go wrong_8make fun of_9burst out laughing_10give away_答案1.thanks to2.set sail3.make a speech4.no wonder5.go off wit
2、h sb6.感到难过，沮丧7.出错8.取笑9.突然大笑10.泄密，赠送.预读理解1判断正(T)误(F)(1)At first，our voyage went well，but in November，we were driven by a storm onto a rock.()(2)They didnt serve me anything to eat.()(3)One of the creatures climbed onto the stage and made a long speech.()(4)Suddenly，I started to yawn and quickly fell
3、asleep，for their doctors had put a sleeping drug in with the wine.()(5)I did nothing to prevent the arrows falling on my face.()答案(1)T(2)F(3)T(4)T(5)F2课文缩写_，I felt something _ _ on my left leg.It_over my body and came almost up to my face.I looked down _ _ _ I could and saw a human creature _ _ _ _，
4、with a bow and arrow in his hands._，I felt at least forty more of the same kind _the first，I was _surprised and shouted so loudly that they all ran back _ _.答案 Suddenly；alive moving；advanced；as much as；just six inches high；Immediately；following；completely；in fear【搭配】starve to death饿死be starved of非常需
5、要，缺乏starvation n挨饿，饿死Whole communities starved to death during the long drought.在这场漫长的大旱中，整个村落的人都饿死了。She went on a starvation diet and ended up in hospital.她进行饥饿式节食减肥，结果住进了医院。【翻译句子】(1)战争期间，许多人饿死了。_【完成句子】(2)The department where she is working has _ resources.她工作的那个部门一直缺少资源。答案(1)Over war，many people d
6、ied of starvation.(2)been starved of【比较网站】Climbing the high mountain can be tough for everyone.爬上那座高山对每个人来说都是一件艰难的事。Its difficult for him to speak English well.对他来说讲好英语很困难。tough/difficult(1)tough艰难，修饰需要韧劲、毅力去做的事情。(2)difficult修饰不容易做的或需要某种技巧、智力或努力去做的事情。【完成句子】(1)要在丛林中活下来就要有坚韧不拔的意志。You need to _ _ _ _ i
7、n the jungle.(2)现在该对足球迷小流氓采取强硬措施了。Its time to _ _ _ football hooligans.答案(1)be tough to survive(2)get tough with【拓展】(1)accomplish ones task/aim完成任务/达到目的accomplish ones mission完成使命(2)accomplished adj.有才华的，有艺术造诣的；熟练的be accomplished in擅长accomplishment n.成就；才能，才艺We must try our best to accomplish our ta
8、sk this weekend.这周我们必须尽力完成任务。The series of buildings is quite an accomplishment.这一系列的建筑真是了不起的成就。【完成句子】(1)她完成了自己的使命后走了。She had _，and then left.(2)她是一位美丽有才华的女士。She was an elegant and _ woman.(3)她多才多艺，能歌善画。Drawing and singing were among her many _.答 案(1)accomplished her mission(2)accomplished(3)accompl
9、ishmentsthanks toThanks to the teachers help，he passed the exam.多亏了老师的帮助他通过了考试。thanks to，due to，owing to和because of都有“因为，由于”的意思，在意义上，除了thanks to通常用于好的方面，译为“多亏”外，其他几个短语的含义区别不大，但在用法上稍有不同：(1)due to多作表语，作状语时一般不置于句首。(2)owing to可以作状语和表语，在作状语时一般要在该状语后面加上逗号。翻译句子(1)多亏你的耐心解释，我才明白这句话的意思。(thanks to)_(2)这个作家的成功主
10、要靠机遇。(due to)_答案(1)Thanks to your patient explanation，I could understand the meaning of the sentence.(2)The writers success was mainly due to the opportunity.I found a number of men already working.我发现很多人已经在工作了。He found the door closed.他发现门被关上了。We went to her house but found her out.我们去她家，但是发现她不在。【单
11、项填空】(1)A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _in the kitchen.Asmoke BsmokingCto smoke Dsmoked【翻译句子】(2)我走进房间就发现窗户被打破了。_答案(1)B(2)I entered the room and found the window broken.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words.(2011浙江)Alose Blost Cto lose Dhaving lost答案B本题考查find复合结构
12、：find名词/代词过去分词。(be)lost for words与themselves为被动关系。【单项填空】(1)_ in the queue for half an hour，Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.ATo wait BHaving waitingCHaving waited DTo have waited(2)_the program，they have to stay there for another two weeks.ANot completing BNot having complet
13、edCNot completed DHaving not completed答案(1)C(2)B_to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film.(2012重庆，23)AHaving been asked BTo askCHaving asked DTo be asked答案A句意：那天晚上我因被要求加班而错过了一场精彩的电影。考查非谓语动词作原因状语的用法。ask与主语I之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故排除B、C两项；不定式短语通常表目的及将来含义，不合题意，故排除D项。故答案为A项。(1)“(be)of名词”结构中的名词是抽象名词，
14、相当于名词所对应的形容词的意思，说明被修饰词具有某种特征或属性。常用的名词有use，importance，help，value，interest，quality，service，benefit，necessity等。这些名词前可用great，no，little，any，not much等修饰，以表示不同程度。【完成句子】(1)一本好字典对我们学英语很有帮助。A good dictionary _ _ _ _ for us to learn English.(2)这两本书一样的价格不一样的内容。The two books _ _ _ _ _but _ _ _.答案(1)is of great h
15、elp(2)are of the same price；of different contentsChildren need friends _ their own age to play with.(2009辽宁)Aof Bfor Cin Dat答案A介词短语of their own age作定语，意为“和他们年龄相同的”。该结构在句中常用作状语，表示时间、条件、伴随、方式、原因等。She said goodbye with tears in her eyes.她含着泪水说再见。He was thinking with his eyes shut.他在闭着眼睛思考。With spring c
16、oming,everything comes to life.春天来了，万物复苏。He used to sleep with the windows open.他过去常常开着窗户睡觉。With nothing to do，I went out for a walk.由于没有什么事要做，我便到外面散步。【单项填空】_ two exams to worry about，I have to work really hard this weekend.AWith BBesidesCAs for DBecause of答案 AYou have no idea how she finished the r
17、elay race _ her foot wounded so much.(2008福建)Afor Bwhen Cwith Dwhile答案 Cwith复合结构作状语，表示伴随。注意：1.自拟题目；2.短文必须前后连贯；3.参考词汇：墨汁ink化工厂chemical works4故事进一步走向高潮Further development of the narrative。又有了新的插曲，使得故事更具有幽默性。I was having a photo taken when my classmate fell into the water.Luckily,at the moment，.5进行总结Co
18、nclusion。故事的结尾写你和你的同学是怎样圆满地把事情解决的。In the end，the keeper took us to the office and we dried out Jacks clothes.When we finally got home,my parents saw us funny and we all burst out laughing.第二步：提炼要点1find special ink which cost nothing2be doing my homework when.3hurried to the store to buy.4be astonish
19、ed to find.5see it flowing.6work well7come into my mind8think well of.9It is necessary to do sth10It is useful to do sth第三步：扩点成句1I found special ink which cost nothing，which was amusing.2I was doing my homework at home when I found my ink had run out.3Then I hurried to a store to buy a bottle of ink
20、.4On the way,I was astonished to find there was some black water in the river.5I saw it flowing from the chemical works nearby，which was always pouring black water into the river.6It worked well for writing and I felt content with it.7Another bright idea came into my mind.8The next day I took some o
21、f my classmates to fetch more of such water and they all thought well of it.9Its necessary to prevent the pollution at once.10It is useful to recycle the waste as well.【参考范文】Last Sunday I found special ink which cost nothing，which was amusing.I was doing my homework at home when I found my ink had r
22、un out.Then I hurried to a store nearby to buy a bottle of ink.On the way，I was astonished to find there was some black water in the river.I saw it flowing from the chemical works nearby，which was always pouring black water into the river.What should I do？“Wonderful！”I cried，“Why not use it as ink？”
23、So I got some water and went home.It worked well for writing and I felt content with it.Another bright idea came into my mind.The next day I took some of my classmates to fetch more of such waste water and they all thought well of it.I think that the environment is important to everyones health.It i
24、s necessary to prevent the pollution at once.It is useful to recycle the waste as well.【写作模板】Last Sunday.I found special ink which_(对故事进行简短介绍)I was doing my homework at home when I found my ink has run out_(故事发生的起因)On the way,I was astonished to find_.I saw it flowing_(故事发生的具体过程，包括所发生的问题及作者的作法)I thi
25、nk that_(作者发表自己的看法)阅读理解题的解题思路与技巧解答阅读理解题的总体思路是：单句入手，语篇突破，着眼整体，归纳推断。一般有以下两种阅读顺序(PPassage，QQuestion)：(1)PQP：即先看文章，后看问题，再通过阅读文章来解答问题。这是考生常用的按部就班的阅读方式。其特点是有利于考生把握文章的主旨和作者的态度。但采用这种阅读方式的考生往往阅读速度较慢，因此难以在阅读时积极主动地预测文章内容。(2)QPQ：即先将问题看一遍，然后带着问题去阅读文章，最后答题。其特点是针对性强，节省答题时间，比较适用于解答事实性和细节性的问题，但是解答主旨性和推断性问题的效果不明显。PQP
26、方式或QPQ方式的采用因人而异，无优劣之分。当然，题型不同，解题的方法也应有所不同。常用的解题技巧有以下几种：1正选法与排除法正选法即根据所读材料内容从正面选择最佳答案。如果在有些情况下从正面选择答案有困难，考生则可以考虑选用排除法，即排除四个选项中的三个错误选项，那么剩下的选项即为正确答案。排除法是解答阅读理解题的常用方法，对于那些不合情理或荒谬的选项、与短文内容相反的选项、与短文内容不相关的选项、虽在短文中出现但答非所问的选项，以及不是问题的主要因素的选项等，都可以采用排除法。考生可以遵循如下“三级思考”的方法排除干扰项：(1)如果干扰项明显与文章相矛盾，即为“误”，可以直接排除。(2)如
27、果干扰项与文章内容不矛盾，但在原文中没有依据，这种脱离原文的“虚”的选项也可以排除。(3)有些干扰项似乎很有道理，文中也能找到相关的依据，但它并不能完全满足题目的要求，未能以文章的主题、作者的思维模式为出发点，未能充分体现严谨性和最大的合理性，这种虽没错但不是最佳答案的“偏”选项也可以排除。只要考生经过“是否矛盾？(误否)是否有依据？(虚否？)是否以偏概全(偏否？)”的逐级思考过程来分析和甄别每一个选项，那么解题的正确率就会得以提高。正确的答案应该是与原文意义一致的选项，或是经过“三级思考”仍不能排除的选项。请看2006年广东卷第64题：Which of the following is tr
28、ue about the working class?AThey are often employed as skilled and semiskilled workers.BThey are often offered jobs with high incomes.CThey are often considered lazy and dishonest.DThey are often exploited by the public.此题为事实细节题，可以采用排除法。由文章第一段第一、二句“Members of the working class have bluecollar jobs.T
29、hey are construction workers，truck drivers，mechanics，steel workers,electricians,and the like.”可知，蓝领阶层的薪水不高这个事实，据此先排除B项；由第一段最后一句“They consider themselves to be respectable and hard working and they look down upon members of the lower class，whom they often consider to be lazy，dishonest，and too ready t
30、o exploit public assistance.”可知，蓝领阶层是受人尊敬的、勤劳的群体，他们看不起那些懒惰、欺诈别人、依靠别人捐款生活的阶层，故排除C、D两项，正确答案为A项。2定位法与跳读法定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。请看2006年湖南卷第71题：.When she was still in her early 30s，publishing ess
31、ays in such important magazines as Partisan Review,she appeared as the symbol of American cultural life,trying hard to follow every new development in literature,film and art.With great effort and serious judgment,Sontag walked at the latest edges of world culture.The underlined sentence in Paragrap
32、h 1 means Sontag _.Awas a symbol of American cultural lifeBdeveloped world literature,film and artCpublished many essays about world cultureDkept pace with the newest development of world culture解答本题可以用定位法。与题干意思相近的句子是上一句“she appeared as the symbol of American cultural life，trying hard to follow ever
33、y new development in literature，film and art”。许多考生误选了A项，他们忽略了原文中出现的“appeared as”，意为“似乎，好像”，增加了句意的不确定性。故D项为最佳答案。3画图与列表法画图法就是以时间、地点、事件或因果等为线索，找出关键词语，勾画出一幅完整、清晰的关于文章主题和细节的图示的方法。请看2006年浙江卷第48题：How is the text organized?AIn order of time.BIn order of frequency.CIn order of preference.DIn order of importa
34、nce.在解答此题时考生只要列一个表(见下表)，按短文叙事的顺序展开故事发展的过程，正确答案就会一目了然。Paragraph 1Paragraph 2Paragraph 3Paragraph 4look into the mirrorhave breakfastprepare childrens trip to spacedrive the car to work另外，有些文章的信息点可能较为分散，涉及的内容比较多，此时考生若能恰当运用列表的方法也会将难题化解。请看2006年安徽卷第61题：What Elizabeth Taylor and Velvet Brown had in common
35、 was that they were both _.Apopular all their livesBfamous actressesCsuccessful when very youngDrich and kindhearted根据文章内容，考生可以列出以下四个相同的信息点(见下表)：Information 1When she started in National Velvetthe story of Velvet Brown，a young girl who wins first place in a famous home race.(短文首句)Information 2Her ac
36、ting in National Velvet is still considered the best by a child actress.(第一段末句)通过此表，考生可以清楚地得出本题的答案为C项。Information 3After her success as a child star,Taylor had no trouble moving into adult roles and won twice for Best Actress.(第二段)Information 4Like Velvet Brown in National Velvet,she has been lucky：
37、she has beauty，fame and wealth.(末段第二句)ConclusionThey were both successful when very young.4概括法与推理法概括法指根据所读材料概括文章主题、要点、标题和中心思想等；而推理法则指根据所读材料的字面意思，通过语篇的逻辑关系以及各个细节的信息和暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意，悟出作者的言外之意和弦外之音。考生在运用推理法时首先要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索；然后再对文字的表面信息进行挖掘和加工，由表及里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合和判断等思维活动对文章进行深
38、层处理以及合乎逻辑的推理。此时切忌就事论事、以偏概全，也不能主观臆想、随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。请看2006年浙江卷第55题：According to White，why were the women surveyed more likely to use old computers?AMost office workers use old computers.BThey do some of their work with computers.CDealing with new equipment can cause anxiety.DThey are easier to
39、be satisfied with new technology.文章最后两段提到，接受调查的三个国家的妇女更有可能使用旧电脑，而英国比法国和德国使用uptodate computers的人更多，最后一段分析了其中的原因“continually having to deal with new technology can also be a source of worry.the frequent change of equipment is also，or could be,a main cause of dissatisfaction”。由此可以推断，不断更新的技术也会使人产生焦虑，导致负
40、面情绪的产生，所以被调查的妇女更喜欢使用旧电脑。5常识法与背景法常识法是考生利用已有的常识进行识别和判断的方法。背景法与常识法相似，指考生充分运用所读材料的信息答题。请看2006年安徽卷第69题：To cover a small piece of burning wood with a basin in order to stop the fire is an example of _.Aseparating the fire Breducing the heatCremoving the fuel Dcutting off the oxygen本题为一道常识题，考生根据自己学过的化学知识可知
41、，燃烧要具备三要素：可燃物、氧气和温度，这有助于理解第二段首句“Since fuel，o xygen and heat must be present in order for fire to exist,one or more of these things must be removed or reduced to extinguish a fire”的意思；另外，通过第三段内容“Another method of extinguishing fire is by cutting off the oxygen.This is usually done by covering the fire with sand,steam or some other things.”可以推断出：用cover的方法来灭火属于cutting off the oxygen的范畴。
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