1、Unit 11 The MediaWarm-up&Lesson 41 World News一、阅读理解1Which of the following is TRUE according to the first news?_.A The G8 meets every summer to discuss major problemsthat affect Africa.BThe topic of Africa will be on G8 agenda this year.CPeople from all over the world want the leaders of the G8to ca
2、ncel the debt of all African countries.DHousing is not a problem for many Africans.B2 Which of the following is NOT true according to thesecond news?_.A London is the first city to host the Olympic Games threetimes.B New York and Paris made applications for the 2012Olympic Games.CPeople all over Lon
3、don are celebrating the news.DPrince Charles was delighted to hear the news.D3 Which of the following is TRUE according to the secondnews?_.A Paris is Londons strongest competitor in applying forhosting the 2012 Olympic Games.BPrince William in New Zealand asks the British to celebratethe news.C At
4、12：45 UK time today Londons name has beenannounced twice.DLondon is the first city to host the Olympic Games twice.A4 Which of the following countries does not belong to theG8?_.AGermany.BIreland.CJapan.DRussia.5People believe the only way to solve the major problems inAfrica is _.Ato provide Africa
5、ns with clean water and enough clothingBto help Africans receive sex education and improve healthcare administrationCto help Africans escape their painful pasts by removing toother settlementsDto cancel the debt of Africas poorest countriesBD二、课文内容复述The Group of Eight,(1)_ by eight of the worldsweal
6、thiest nations in 1998,meets every summer to discuss majorproblems that(2)_ the whole world.This year,they will(3)_ the topic of Africa.Its a fact that many people inAfrica cannot get the water,clothing,housing,(4)_ oreducation.They want the leaders to cancel the(5)_ ofAfricas poorest countries so t
7、hat the problems can be preventedfrom getting(6)_London has the(7)_ of being the first city to hostthe Olympic Games (8)_ times.The news is being(9)_ by crowds in the street.(10)_ people canbe seen all over London.formedconcerndiscuss electricitydebtworsedistinctionthreecelebratedCheering三、概括课文大意(30
8、 词左右)提示：这两则新闻讲的是非洲问题将列入八国首脑峰会议题以及伦敦被宣布获得 2012 年奥运会的主办权。关键词：主题 topic；宣布 announce；主办 host答案：These two pieces of news report that the topic of Africawill be on this years G8 summit agenda and London was announcedas the host city for the 2012 Olympic Games.1chat n&v闲谈，聊天典例 He often asked Philip to come
9、in for a chat.他经常邀请菲利浦进来闲谈。They chatted about the film shown last night.他们闲聊昨晚放映的电影。拓展 have a chat with sb.和某人闲谈chat with sb.和某人闲谈chat about sth.闲聊某事运用 完成句子(1)我几年没见他了，我们聊过去的事聊了很长时间。I hadnt seen him for years and we _old times.(2)和知心的朋友聊天是愉快的。It is pleasant to _ close friends.2stand for 是意思，代表；支持典例 W
10、hat do the letters UN stand for?字母 UN 代表什么？I wholly stand for your action.我完全支持你的行为。had a long chat aboutchat with拓展 stand still 站着不动stand out 突出，显眼；杰出stand by 袖手旁观；站在一边cant stand sth./doing sth.无法忍受(做)某事运用 用以上短语的适当形式填空(1)What I said only _ my personal view.(2)He _ hot weather.(3)We cant _ while mil
11、lions of people arestarving.(4)His height makes him _ in the crowd.stood forcant standstand bystand out3react to 对作出反应典例 How did he react to your suggestions?他对你的建议如何反应？拓展 react with 与起(化学)反应react against 反对，反抗运用 用以上短语的适当形式填空(1)Rebel children tend to _ their parents bygoing against their wishes.(2)I
12、ron _ water and air to produce rust(锈)(3)Does he _ the sounds around him?react againstreacts withreact to4be remembered as 作为被铭记典例 John will be remembered as our hero.约翰会作为我们的英雄而被铭记。拓展 be regarded(thought of/considered)/honoured/known/treated/looked on as被认为/被尊为/被认知为/被对待为/被视作运用 完成句子这位诗人将作为幽默家被人们怀念。T
13、he poet will _ a humorist.be remembered as5demand vt.要求，请求 n要求的事物，需求，需要典例 I demand an answer from him.我要求他回答。Firewood is in great demand during winter months,so thesupply should be increased.冬季月份对木柴的需求量很大，所以应该增加供给。拓展 demand to do sth.要求做某事demand sth.of/from sb.向某人要求某物demand that.要 求(从句一般要用虚拟语气，即“sho
14、uld动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略)in(great)demand 需求量很大satisfy/meet ones demands 满足某人的要求运用 完成句子(1)他要求被告知一切事情。He _ everything.(2)我要求你放学前打扫完教室。I demand that _ cleaning the classroombefore school is over.(3)这种药需求量很大。The medicine is _.(4)他要求陌生人向他道歉。He _ the stranger.demanded to be toldyou(should)finishin great de
15、manddemanded an apology from/of6beliefn信仰；信心；信任典例 My belief is that our school team will win the game.我认为我们校队会赢得这场比赛。拓展 beyond belief 难以置信have belief in 信任，相信It is ones belief that.某人相信/认为believe v相信，信任believe sb.相信某人的话believe in sb.信任某人believe it or not 信不信由你运用 完成句子(1)对于朋友我是完全信任的。I _ my friends.(2)
16、他的话难以置信。What he said is _.(3)他不信任霍华德的真诚。He _ Howards honesty.has complete belief inbeyond beliefdid not believe in7announce vt.宣布，宣告典例 They announced that she would give one extra song.他们宣布说她将再唱一首歌。The chairman announced the result of the match.主席宣布了比赛结果。拓展 announce sth.to sb.向某人通报/宣布某事announce(to s
17、b.)that.(向某人)通报/宣布It is announced that.据宣布运用 完成句子(1)据公布五一我们不放假。_ we wont be on holiday on May 1st.(2)我希望马上宣布胜利者。I hope to _ shortly.(3)市长明天将向民众宣布这个消息。Mayor will _ the citizens.It is announced thatannounce the winnerannounce the news to8come down to 可归结为；流传下来点拨 come down to 中的 to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。如：Ou
18、r choices come down to going to London or Paris.我们的选择可以归结为：去伦敦或是巴黎。The book has come down to me from my grandfather.这本书是我祖父传下来给我的。拓展 come to realize 逐渐意识到come to oneself 苏醒过来when it comes to 当谈到；当涉及运用 完成句子(1)最后的结论是：我们实验失败了。It _ the fact that we fail in the experiment.(2)玛丽说最终还是钱的问题。Mary said the pro
19、blem _.(3)他终于意识到自己错了。He _ that he was wrong.(4)当这个女孩恢复意识时，她发现自己躺在医院里。When the girl _，she found herself inhospital.(5)当说到乒乓球时，他是我们班最棒的。_ table tennis,he is the best in our es down tocame down to moneycame to realizecame to herselfWhen it comes to9application n申请(书)；应用典例He has made an application for
20、admission to a keyuniversity.他已经向一所重点大学提出入学申请。The new technology has a wide application in the field.新技术在这个领域有着广泛的应用。拓展 make an application for 申请an application for leave 请假运用 完成句子(1)许多人都申请了这个新职位。Many people _ the new position.(2)在这个实验中我们看到了最新理论的应用。We saw _ in the experiment.made an application fora
21、pplication of the latest theory10delighted adj.高兴的，愉快的典例 Thanks for your invitationId be delighted to come!感谢你的邀请我很乐意前来！拓展 be delighted to do sth.非常高兴做某事be delighted at/by/with sth.为某事而高兴be delighted that.非常高兴delight n愉快，欣喜 v高兴，欣喜take delight in(doing)sth.以为乐；喜欢做某事to ones delight 使某人感到高兴的是运用 完成句子(1)
22、使她极为高兴的是，她解出了这道难题。_，she worked out the difficult problem.(2)我父母见到你会很高兴。My parents will _.(3)他对这个结果感到非常满意。He _ the result.(4)她以捉弄她的小妹妹为乐。She _ playing tricks on her little sister.To her great delightbe delighted to see youwas very delighted with/at/bytakes delight in本课重点单词拓展词汇构词法支招political adj.政治的po
23、litics n政治，政治学1._和_为形容词后缀，表示“的，多的”。如：peaceful和平的；physical物理的。2_为名词后缀，表示行为的过程或结果。如：combination结合；imagination想象。3_为名词后缀，表示“人，物”。如：assistant助手；servant仆人。4_为形容词后缀，常用来修饰人，表示“的”。如：experienced有经验的；frightened害怕的。belief n信仰；信心；信任believe v相信，信任painful adj.令人痛苦的，引起疼痛的pain n痛苦delighted adj.高兴的，愉快的delight n愉快，欣喜
24、 v高兴，欣喜application n申请(书)；应用apply v申请；应用applicant n申请人explanation n解释，说明explain v解释运用 用所给单词的适当形式填空1.He felt comfortable also a bit _，but he did notrecognize the _.(pain)2.The _ asked the manager to reconsider hisdecision to refuse the _.(apply)3.I am _ at the good news that he takes _in helping the
25、poor.(delight)4.In an _ paragraph,you need to _ how orwhy something happens.(explain)5.The thing always happens when you really _ insomething,and the _ in a thing makes it happen.(belief)6 _ has always interested him and he has someunique _ ideas.(political)painfulpainapplicantapplicationdelightedde
26、lightexplanationexplainbelievebeliefPoliticspolitical1Widespread poverty in Africa means that many people therecannot get the water,clothing,housing,electricity or educationthey need.非洲普遍的贫困意味着那里的许多人不能获得他们需要的饮用水、衣服、房屋、电力及教育。(P22,L7)点拨本句是一个复合句。that 引导宾语从句；宾语从句中含有一个省略了关系代词 that/which 的定语从句 they need，其
27、 先 行 词 是 并 列 的 五 个 名 词 the water,clothing,housing,electricity or education。运用 完成句子(1)考试失败就意味着他不得不去加油站打工。Failing in the exam _.(2)太多的作业使得许多学生不能参与他们需要的课外活动。Too much homework means(that)many students cannot takepart in the after-class activities _.means that he has to work in the gas station（that/which
28、)they need2 Their belief is that this is the only way for many of thesenations to escape their painful pasts.人们坚信，这是使许多非洲国家摆脱痛苦的过去的唯一出路。(P22,L14)点拨 that 引导表语从句，说明主语的内容，that 不可省略。引导表语从句的连接词主要有连词 that,whether,as if,连接代词 who,which,what 以及连接副词 how,when,why 等。如：The question is when he can arrive at the h
29、otel.问题是他什么时候可以到达酒店。The question is whether they will be able to help us.问题是他们是否能帮我们。It looked as if it was going to rain.天好像要下雨。运用 完成句子(1)他坚信，他能实现他的梦想。His belief is _.(2)我的问题是谁对这事负责。My question is _.(3)他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有。His first question was _ yet.that he can make his dream come true who is respon
30、sible for itwhether Mr Smith had arrived原句They want the leaders to cancel the debt of Africas poorestcountries so that the problems there can be prevented from gettingany worse.他们希望这些国家的领导人取消非洲最贫困国家的债务，以使那个地区的问题不再恶化。(P22,L12)结构 want sb.to do sth.结构，so that 引导目的状语从句以及 prevent.from 结构。仿写 完成句子老师希望学生待在室
31、内，以防止受冻。The teacher _ stay in the room_ they could _ being cold.wanted the students toso thatprevent themselves from被动语态一、被动语态的构成及用法1.被动语态的基本结构为：be动词的过去分词2.被动语态的用法被动语态可用于下列几种情况：(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁时。如：This watch is made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁时。如：More trees must be planted every year.每年都应该种
32、更多的树。(3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。如：Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。(强调汉语的使用广泛)(4)动作的发出者是物而不是人时。如：Many houses were washed away by the flood.许多房屋被洪水冲走了。常用时态动词的变化例 句一般现在时am/is/are过去分词Electricity is used to runmachines.电能被用来使机器运转。一般过去时was/were过去分词His lessons were not easilyforg
33、otten.他的课不容易被忘记。一般将来时 will/shall/be going to be过去分词Cars will be sent aboard by sea.汽车将由海运运输到国外。现在进行时 am/is/arebeing过去分词The rooms are being painted byhim.他正在油漆房间。二、被动语态的各种时态常用时态动词的变化例 句过去进行时 was/werebeing过去分词Trees were being planted herethis time last year.去年这时这里正在植树。现在完成时 have/hasbeen过去分词The price h
34、as been broughtdown.价格已经降下来了。过去完成时 hadbeen过去分词When I met him last week,hetold me that his work had beenfinished already.当我上周遇到他时，他告诉我他的工作已经完成了。注意：1.用主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况：(1)表示状态特征的系动词，如 look,sound,feel,smell,taste等，用主动形式表示被动意义。如：The soup smells nice.汤闻起来很香。(2)表示主语本身特征的动词，如 read,write,open,wash,sell,lock
35、等，用主动形式表示被动意义。如：The cloth washes easily.这布很好洗。(3)want,need,require 等词意为“需要”时，后可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。如：The desks need repairing.桌子需要修理。(4)worth 后接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。如：The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。(5)不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，而与句子的主语或宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。如：I have a lot of work to do today
36、.我今天有很多工作要做。2.感 官 动 词 see,watch,hear,notice,observe 和 使 役 动 词make,let 等在主动语态中后接不带 to 的动词不定式，但变为被动语态时，省略的 to 要带上。如：We often hear him play the guitar.He is often heard to playthe guitar.我们经常听到他弹吉他。The boss made the workers work 12 hours.The workers were made to work 12 hours.老板让工人工作 12 小时。3.在汉语中，有一类句子
37、不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示。如：It is said that.据说It is reported that.据报道It is supposed that.据推测It is hoped that.希望It is well known that.众所周知It is generally considered that.普遍认为It is suggested that.建议一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1A new library _(build)in our city now.2So far,many man-made satellites _(send)up into space.3
38、He lent me some magazines _.(read)4 Sheep are _(keep)by farmers for _(produce)wool and mutton.5Outer space _(not explore)by peopleis being builthave been sentto readkeptproducingwas not exploredbefore 1957.6The museum is worth _(visit)7Five units of this textbook _(study)bythe end of last month.8I d
39、ont like _(laugh at)in public.9 This kind of T-shirt _(look)nice and _(sell)well in the market.10A beautiful horse _(draw)by John tomorrow.visitinghad been studiedbeing laughed atlookssellswill be drawn二、将下列句子改为被动语态1We always keep the reading room clean.The reading room _ clean by us.2They are pulli
40、ng down the old bridge.The old bridge _ by them.3My parents bought me a new computer.A new computer _ me.4His mother made him do the housework.He was _ the housework.5People must take care of the baby.The baby must _.6Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.The boy _ a cigarette.is always keptis being pulling downwas bought formade to dobe taken care ofwas caught smoking
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