1、Section Word power,Grammar and usageWords and Phrases1._ (adj.)热情的，热烈的2._(n.&vt.)基地；以为基础3_(vi.)存在4_ foot 踏上自学导引新知初探enthusiasticbaseexistset语法精讲专项突破品味品味语语法法一、现在完成时1.现在完成时的构成与用法现在完成时由“助动词have/has动词的过去分词”构成。有“已完成”与“未完成”两种意义。讲讲解解归纳归纳(1)“已完成”意义表示刚刚结束的动作或已经结束的过去动作对现在产生的影响，侧重该动作不再继续延续。He has turned off the
2、 light.他已把灯关了。(2)“未完成”意义表示过去的某动作一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去，句中只能用延续性动词。He has lived here since 1995.自从1995年以来，他一直住在这儿。2.常与现在完成时连用的时间状语意义时间 状 语“已完成”表示一段时间的状语，如for five years,since 2008等与现在时刻相连的时间状语，如up to now,so far等“未完成”表示不定的过去时间状语，如already,yet,before,recently,just等频度时间状语，如never,ever,once等包括现在时刻在内的时间状语，如this m
3、orning/month/year.,today等二、现在完成进行时现在完成进行时由“助动词have/hasbeen动词的现在分词”构成。顾名思义，它是由完成时和进行时两个时态合并而成的，因此它有完成时与进行时两个时态的特点，即“完成”和“进行”两种意义。1.“现在完成”意义表示从过去某时刻开始一直延续到说话时刻刚刚结束的动作，但该动作在某方面与现在仍然有联系。The rain stops,and we can go out now.雨停了，现在我们可以出去了。Great.It has rained for three hours.太好了，已经下了三个小时了。2.“进行”意义表示过去的某动作一
4、直延续到现在，而且还要继续下去。I have been waiting for my mothers letter.我一直在等我母亲的来信。三、现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别区别现在完成时现在完成进行时动作的“完成性”可表示反复发生或刚刚结束的动作表示持续的、不间断的动作，侧重延续性谓语动词的种类可用状态动词也可用动作动词只能用动作动词.用所给动词的适当形式填空1We _(be)there three times already.2He _(be)out for an hour.3The aliens say they come from Zeton and _(travel)for 2 y
5、ears.专项训练专项训练have beenhas beenhave been traveling4How many times _ you _(swim)in the sea?5They _(tour)in Paris for two weeks.They are going back home next week.6Jim _(read)a book about the Loch Ness Monster this morning and hell get through soon.haveswumhave been touringhas been reading7They _(visit
6、)this national park twice this month.8I _(not be)so delighted since I _(enjoy)myself last time.9Will someone go and get Dr.White?He _ already _(send)for.10When _ you _(see)him last night?have visitedhave not beenenjoyedhasbeen sentdidsee.句型转换1.David has been in our class for more than one year.David
7、 _ our class more than one year _.2The student said,“The play began 20 minutes ago.”The student said,“The play _ for 20 minutes.”came toagohas been on3My cousin left his hometown after he came back from England.My cousin _ from his hometown since he came back from England.4She married Jerry three mo
8、nths ago.She _ to Jerry for three months.has been awayhas been married5The wellknown basketball player has been dead for several years.The wellknown basketball player _ several years _.diedago.单项填空1.I _ so hard recently that I _ any time for collecting new stamps.OK,Ill ring you up if I have any new
9、s.Ahave worked；hadntBhave been working；havent hadCam working；haventDhave been working；hadnt had解析：选B。前面一空表示work这个动作一直在持续，而且还有可能继续下去，后面一空表示最近一直没有时间，用have的现在完成时。2Sorry,Im late.Thats OK.I_ long.Aarent waitingBdont waitChavent been waitingDdidnt wait解析：选C。本题指的是wait这个动作从过去的某个时刻开始，一直持续到现在，所以要用现在完成进行时，其他三个
10、时态不能表示该意义。3You dont need to describe her.I _ her several times.Ahad metBhave met Cmet Dmeet解析：选B。首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。4Im sorry to keep you waiting.Oh,not at all.I _ here only a few minutes.Ahave been Bhad beenCwas Dwill be解析：选A。等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。5D
11、id you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday?No,but we _ to get in touch with them ever since.Ahave tried Bhave been tryingChad tried Dhad been trying解析：选B。因为ever since是“自那以后(直到现在)”之意，常与完成时连用，又根据but可知，现在也还在设法与他们取得联系，所以用现在完成进行时。6Havent you graduated from college?Yes.I _ French for two yea
12、rs there.Astudy BstudiedCwas studying Dhave studied解析：选B。从yes来看，已经毕业了，所以就不在大学了，那么学习这个动作没有延续到现在，所以不能用现在完成时,要用过去时态,表示过去曾经延续过一段时间的动作。7Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work?Yes,thats why I _ to work by train.Ahave gone Bhave been goingCwas going Dwill have gone解析：选B。本句表达的意思是：这就是我最近一直乘火车上班的原因，强调这一阶段一直延续
13、的动作，要用现在完成进行时。8Who _ my dictionary?I dont know.It _ on your desk.Atook；had been Bhas taken；wasChas taken；has been Dtook；was解析：选B。从对话的语境来看，字典明显不在桌子上，不在的原因是take这个发生在过去动作所造成的影响，所以第一空用现在完成时;那么下文的答语应该表示：它原来是在桌子上的，为说话之前的状态，用一般过去时。9Sorry.I _ to post the letter for you.Not at all.I _ it myself.Aforgot；will
14、postBhave forgotten；will postCforgot；am going to postDhad forgotten；am going to post解析：选B。对话的时候想起把寄信这件事情忘了，表示此时的结果，用现在完成时；这时再去寄，是临时决定要做的事情，要用单纯的将来，即will do，而不能用be going to的将来，因为be going to的将来表示原先打算好的。10(2011高考天津卷)In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the world.Ahave produced Bhave been producedCare producing Dare being produced解析：选B。句意：在过去的几年里，全世界已经制作了几千部电影。in the last/past few years(在过去的几年里)通常与现在完成时连用；另外，根据句意及句子结构可知：此句为被动含义，所以用现在完成时态的被动语态形式。本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
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