1、Unit 4Earthquakeso the vibration may be no greater than the vibration caused by a passing truck.oOn average,a powerful earthquake occurs less than once every two years.At least 40 moderate earthquakes cause damage somewhere in the world each year.About 40,000 to 50,000 small earthquakeslarge enough
2、to be felt but not damagingoccur annually.oTasks：o1佳句仿写o.called tsunamis(海啸).oThe group _.(被称作“甲壳虫”的乐队很受欢迎)oInstead.oWe wont have tea in the house._.o(我们将在花园里而不是在室内喝茶)。o2句子翻译(将黑体句子译成汉语)o_oPeriod 1Warming Up，Prereading&Readingo8_ adj.极度的o9_ vt.损害；伤害o10destroy vt._ _ _o11useless adj._ _ _o12shock/k/vt
3、.&vi._on_ _ _o13rescue n.&vt._ _o14 trap/trp/vt._n _ _o15electricity n._ _ _o16disaster n._ _o17bury/berI/vt._ _ _o答案 1.earthquake2.burst3.million4.event5.nation6.ruin7.suffering8.extreme9.injure10.破坏；毁坏；消灭11.无用的；无益的；无效的 12.(使)震惊；震动；休克；打击；震惊 13.援救；营救 14.使陷入困境；陷阱；困境 15.电；电流；电学 16.灾难；灾祸17.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏o.短语
4、天地o1_立刻；马上o2_仿佛；好像o3_结束；终结o4in ruins_o5dig out_o6a(great)number of_o答案1.right away2.as if3.at an end4.严重受损；破败不堪5.掘出；发现6.许多；大量的o.预读理解o1Fast Reading：Scan the text and choose the best answers according to the text.oThe first sentence in Paragraph 1 implies that _.oAthe survivors didnt think too much of
5、 itoBthe survivors were made to lose their senses by the sudden big earthquakeoC the survivors didnt realize in such a brief instant that it was a terrible earthquakeoDthe survivors didnt think an earthquake could bring such great damageoHow many signs are given that suggest an earthquake would happ
6、en in the first paragraph?oAFive BNine CTwelve DSevenoThe second and third paragraphs are mainly about _.oAthe great loss the earthquake brought to TangshanoBthe number of people who were killed or injuredoC when and where an earthquake happenedoD the cause of the big earthquake in TangshanoThe titl
7、e“A night the earth didnt sleep”means _.oAthe earth was awake all night longoBpeople on the earth couldnt fall asleep that nightoCan earthquake happened that nightoDanimals on the earth would not sleep that nightoWhat is the mood of this passage?oASad BSeriousoCSerious and sad DCalmo答案 CBACCo2Carefu
8、l Reading：Read the text carefully and try to master the structure of the text.PartEventsSigns before the earthquake(Paragraph 1)_were happening in Tangshan.For a few days,water in the wells _；From the cracks of wells,_came out;Mice,chickens,pigs and even fish became _；The water pipes cracked and bur
9、st.But people _them.Damage caused by earthquake(Paragraphs 23)The earthquake _ the city and shocked the people.At 3：42 a.m，everything began to _.It seemed that the world was at an _.Onethird of the nation _ it.A huge _cut across the city.The city lay _.Twothirds of the people _ or were injured.Rescu
10、e after the earthquake(Paragraph 4)Soldiers were sent to _ those who were trapped and to bury the dead.Workers built _ for surviors whose homes had been _.o答案 Strange thingsrose and fella smelly gasnervousthought little ofdestroyedshakeendfeltcrackin ruinsdieddig outsheltersdestroyedo【比较网站】shake/tre
11、mbleshake最普通用词，可指人或物“摇动，发抖”。指人时常指由于感情激动、寒冷、惧怕等所引起的身体颤动。在表示“因而颤抖”时，介词多用with。在表示“使受震撼，使(信念等)动摇”时，常用于be shaken by/with/at结构中tremble(因恐惧、愤怒、寒冷、体弱等)战栗，震颤，发抖，常常与shake互换，但指握手、摇头时动词用shake，tremble只用作不及物动词o【单项填空】oMr White,a new teacher,stood in front of the students,his body _with fear.oAtrembling BtrembledoC
12、was trembling Dwas trembledo解析his body与tremble构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。o答案 Ao【完成句子】o_ _(暴风雨突然袭来)and we all got wet.oHe _ _ _(闯进房间)without knocking at the door.o答案The storm burstburst into the roomo3ruino(1)n.废墟；毁灭oWe saw the ruins of the church.o我们看见了这座教堂的遗址。oDrinking was his fathers ruin and it will be th
13、e ruin of him too！喝酒毁了他父亲，也会毁了他！o(2)vt.毁灭；使破产oHeavy smoking ruined his health.o吸烟过度毁坏了他的健康。o【归纳拓展】obe in ruins 成为废墟ocome into ruins 毁灭，成为废墟obe the ruin of 成为毁灭(堕落)的原因oruin oneself 自取灭亡oruin ones health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/名誉o【比较网站】ruin/destroy/damageruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破
14、坏destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏”、“毁坏”，程度较深；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等damage一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用，一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复o选词填空(ruin/destroy/damage)oThe buildings here were _in the big earthquake.oHe _his prospects(前途)because of his carelessness.oSmoking can severely _your health.o答案 destroyedruinedd
15、amageo【单项填空】oThat car accident_allhis life.After that he was limited to a wheelchair.oAdamaged BdestroyedoCharmed Druinedo解析 ruin ones life毁掉某人的生活。o答案 Do4injure vt.损害，伤害oYoull injure your health by smoking too much.o吸烟太多将有害于你的健康。o【归纳拓展】oinjury n 伤，伤口，伤害odo an injury to sb伤害某人oinjured adj.受伤的；受委屈的oth
16、e injured 伤员o【比较网站】injure/wound/hurt/harminjure多指意外事故造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损害wound指人在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口，多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤hurt 多指精神上受到伤害，也可指身体上的疼痛harm指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害，损害，有害于”，常用短语do harm to“对有害”o【一目了然】o用injure/wound/hurt/harm的适当形式填空oThe soldier was _in the arm in the war.oShe was _slightly in an ac
17、cident during the work.oI was very much _at his words.oThis bright light will do great _to your eyes.o答 案woundedinjuredhurtharmo【归纳拓展】odestruction n 毁灭；破坏odestructive adj.破坏(性)的；毁灭(性)的o【单项填空】oThe flood _all the bridges,so we had to get there only by boat.oAdestroyed Binjured Charmed Dhurto解析考查同义词用法辨
18、析。destory毁坏的程度严重，不能修复。结合句意A项最佳。o答案 Ao【归纳拓展】oa shock to.使吃惊oshocked adj.感到震惊的oshocking adj.令人震惊的obe shocked to do sth做某事很震惊obe shocked at.对感到震惊o点津：shocked adj.“感到震惊的”，表示人的心理状态和感受；shocking adj.“令人震惊的”，说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。o【比较网站】shock/astonish/surpriseshockvt.&n震惊，打击，吃惊程度最大，后面常跟介词at/by，构成词组be shocked at/by，
19、表示“对吃惊”，或接不定式表示原因，也可作名词，意为“震动，打击”astonishvt.&n十分吃惊，语气比surprise要强，含有令人难以置信的意思surprisevt.&n吃惊，最普通用词，含有“意想不到”之意o【单词填空】oThe big Haiti Earthquake _(使震惊)the world.oHis sudden death was a great _(震惊)to his family.oHe was very much _(震惊的)at the news.o答案 shockedshockshockedo【单项填空】oThe news is so_thateveryone
20、 was very much _at it.oAshocking;shockedoBshocked;shockingoCshocking;shockingoDshocked;shockedo解析句意：这个消息如此震惊，以至于每个人听到时都感到震惊。shocking修饰news，shocked修饰everyone。o答案 Ao【归纳拓展】ogo/come to sbs rescue进行援助/营救某人oa rescue team 救援队oa rescue mission 营救任务orescue sb from.从中把某人救出来o【比较网站】rescue/saverescue强调行动迅速，指把某人或
21、某物从迫在眉睫的危险中解救出来save是普通用词，使用广泛，常指把处于危险或紧急状态中的人或物解救出来，使之得以保全，多数情况下可与rescue互换o【完成句子】o他从大火中把那个女孩救了出来。oHe _ the girl _the big fire.o当我们处于困境的时候，他们来营救我们。oThey _ _ _when we were in danger.o答 案rescued；fromcame to our rescueo8trapo(1)vt.使陷入困境oThe police trapped him into telling the truth.o警察设圈套使他讲出实情。o(2)n.陷阱
22、，困境oThe farmer sets traps to catch the rats.o 农民放置了许多捕鼠器捕捉老鼠。o【归纳拓展】otrap sb into sth/doing sth诱使某人(做)obe trapped in 困在中；陷在中oset traps to do sth 设置陷阱做o【完成句子】o有望这个抢劫者正好落入我们的圈套。oHopefully,the robber will fall right into our _.o她被困于燃烧的房子中。oShe was _in the burning house.o答案 traptrappedo【一目了然】o【单项填空】o_ h
23、imself in the newspaper,he didnt notice what was happening.oAHaving buried BBuryingoCBuried DTo be buriedo解析bury oneself inbe buried in埋头于；专心于。此处为现在分词作状语。句意：他埋头于读报，没有注意到发生的事情。o答案 Bo1right away 立刻，马上，毫不耽搁oI told him right away what I thought of him.o我直截了当地告诉了他我对他的看法。o【归纳拓展】oright now 立即，马上oright and
24、left 到处；处处osee sb right 确保或负责满足某人的一切要求oput sb right 纠正某人的错误o【单项填空】oOn hearing the shouts of“help”，he rushed to the river _.oAright now Bright offoCright away DAll the aboveo解析right now,right off和right away都有“立即，马上”的意思。o答案 Co2as if 仿佛；好像oIt looks as if a storm would come soon.o一场暴风雨似乎很快就要来了。o【归纳拓展】oa
25、s if的用法：o(1)as if引导从句。o在look,seem等系动词后引导表语从句。oIt seems as if our team is going to win.o看来我们队好像要获胜了。o引导方式状语从句。oShe loves the boy as if she were his mother.o她爱这个男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。o(2)as if还可用于省略句中。o如果as if引导的从句是“主语系动词其他”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词等。oTom raised his hand as if(he was go
26、ing)tosay something.o汤姆举起手好像要说什么。oShe left the room hurriedly as if(shewas)very angry.o她匆忙离开房间好像很生气。o注意：as if从句的语气及时态。o(1)as if从句用直陈语气的情况：当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。oHe talks as if he is drunk.从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。o(2)as if从句用虚拟语气的情况：当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气中动词时态的形式如下：o从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过
27、去式。oYou look as if you didnt care.你看上去好像并不在乎。oHe talks as if he knew where she was.o他说话的样子好像知道她在哪里似的。o从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词”。oHe talks about Rome as if he had been there before.o他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那儿似的。o从 句 表 示 与 将 来 事 实 相 反，谓 语 动 词 用“would/could/might动词原形”。oHe opens his mouth as if he would say somet
28、hing.o他张开嘴好像要说什么。o【完成句子】oIt seems _ _ _ _(他好像在做梦)oShe treats him _ _ _ _ _(好像他是一个陌生人)oHe opened his mouth _ _ _ _(好像要说什么)o答案as if he were dreamingas if he were a strangeras if to say somethingo3at an end结束，终结oThe war was at an end.战争结束了。oHe went on spending freely until his money was at an end.o他继续大
29、把地花钱直到用完为止。o【比较网站】at an end/at the end of./in the end/by the end of./come to an endat an end意为“结束；终结”，在句中多用作表语at the end of.意为“在的尽头；在末”in the end意为“最后，终于”by the end of意为“到末为止”，常用于完成时中come to an end意为“结束”，常用作谓语o选词填空(at an end/at the end of/by the end of/in the end)oHow many English words had you lear
30、ned _last term?oHe became an outstanding doctor _.oMy uncle will fly to China _this year.oMy holiday is _and I must go back to work soon.o答案by the end ofin the endat the end ofat an endo4a(great)number of 许多，大量的oA great number of new factories have been set up in my hometown.我的家乡建立了许多新工厂。o【比较网站】a nu
31、mber of/the number of意 义用 法a numberof许多，大量的在number之前可加large,small,great等表示程度。a number of只修饰可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式the numberof的数目后接可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数而不用复数o【单项填空】oThe number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _rising steadily since 1997.oAis BareoChas been Dhave beeno解析考查主谓一致。主语是the number，故
32、谓语动词用单数，又因时间状语是since 1997，所以用完成时态。o答案 Co5dig outo(1)掘出oThe soldiers had to dig the dead out of the ruins.o士兵们不得不把死者从废墟里挖出来。o(2)发现，找出oHe tried his best to dig out the truth.o他设法找出真相。o【归纳拓展】odig for寻找odig into 探究；探寻odig up(在播种或建筑等前)掘地；平整土地o填入恰当的介副词oYoull need to dig deep _ the records to find the figu
33、res you want.oThey are digging _the football field to make a new surface.oThe miners are busy digging _gold now.o答案 intoupforo1In the farmyard,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都因过于惶恐而不想进食。otoo.to.太而不能，含有否定含义，相当于not.enough to.。oShe is too short to reach the book on th
34、e shelf.oShe is not tall enough to reach the book on the shelf.o她太矮了而不能够到架子上的书。o【归纳拓展】o(1)当too后的形容词是表示心情或描述性的形容词，如happy,pleased,willing,thankful,delighted,anxious,eager,easy,kind,good,interesting,pleasant等时，此结构没有否定意义，而表示肯定含义。too意为“十分，非常”，这时too前可以有副词far,much,only或but修饰，但意义不变。oI am too delighted to ac
35、cept your invitation.o我非常高兴地接受你的邀请。o(2)too.to.结 构 中 的 too前 有 否 定 词，如never时，此结构表示肯定含义。oIt is never too late to learn.活到老，学到老。o(3)tooadj.for sb/sth to do sth表示“太以至于某人/某物不能做某事”。oThe problem is too difficult for me to work out.o这个问题太难了，我解答不出来。o(4)can never be too.无论也不过分。oYou can never be too careful whe
36、n crossing the street.o你过马路时怎样小心也不为过。o【单项填空】oYou _pay too much attention to your handwriting,as it is so important.oAcant BshouldntoCmustnt Dneednto解析 cant.too.无论也不过分。o答案 Ao2 Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.o老鼠从地里跑出来找地方躲。o此句中的现在分词looking for places to hide作伴随状语，修饰谓语ran out of.。
37、o现在分词作状语还可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步或方式等。oSeeing those pictures,she remembered her childhood.o看到那些画，她想起了她的童年。oNot knowing his address,I cant send this book to him.o因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。o【感悟高考】oHe had a wonderful childhood,_with his mother to all corners of the world.(2010安徽，30)oAtravel Bto travel Ctraveled D
38、travelingo解析考查非谓语动词。句意：他度过了一个美好的童年，和妈妈游遍了世界各地。现在分词在句中作伴随状语。o答案 Do3All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。o此句为部分否定的表达。不定代词all与否定副词not连用，表示部分否定。o【归纳拓展】o(1)除 all之 外，英 语 中 的 both,each,every,everybody,everything等具有总括意义的代词与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”的意思。o(2)英 语 中 的 no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,no one,no
39、where,no more,no longer,no way,not.either等表示否定意义的词(词组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成全部否定。oNot everyone likes him.并不是每个人都喜欢他。oAll of us dont have such experiences.o并不是我们每个人都有这种经历。oEither view is not correct.两种见解都不对。o【感悟高考】oWhich of the two computer games did you prefer?oActually I didnt like _.(2008全国卷，30)oAboth of them Beither of themoCnone of them Dneither of themo解析考查代词用法。句意为：这两款电脑游戏你更喜欢哪一款？实际上两款游戏我都不喜欢。either与not连用，表示两者都不，也可用I like neither of them；both与not连用表示部分否定，意为“并不是两款都喜欢”。none表示三者或三者以上的全部否定。o答案 B
