2013届高考英语一轮复习课件：第11讲状语从句（新人教版广东专用）.ppt

1、2013届高考英语一轮复习课件新人教版广东专用第11讲状语从句1什么是状语从句？翻译下列句子，指出句子中的状语从句1.Great changes have taken place in China in the last few decades.答案最近几十年以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。句中无状语从句。1什么是状语从句？2.Whoever breaks the law shall be punished.3.Being ill,she had to remain at home.4.There is life where there is water.答案2.任何违背了法律的人必定受到惩罚。句

2、中无状语从句。3.因为生病，她只好留在家里。句中无状语从句。4.有水的地方就有生命。句中where there is water为地点状语从句。1状语从句有两个特征：必须在句中作状语；必须是句子作状语。因此，在句中作状语，修饰句子或动词等的从句叫状语从句。翻译下列句子，指出画线部分状语从句的类别1.Every time I see action movies acted by Jackie Chan,I would get excited.2状语从句有哪些类别？每当我看成龙演的动作片时，我会很兴奋。划线部分作时间状语。2状语从句有哪些类别？2.You should have put away

3、the book where you look it.3.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.你应该把书放回原处。划线部分作地点状语。所得税高是有害的，它让人不想去赚更多的钱。划线部分作原因状语。2状语从句有哪些类别？4.The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.5.He got up so early that he ca

4、ught the first bus.老板要秘书赶快送交那些信件以便他能签发。划线部分作目的状语。他起得很早因此他赶上了第一班车。划线部分作结果状语。2状语从句有哪些类别？6.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.7.Much as I respect him,I cant agree to his proposal.只要你不断尝试，你当然会成功。划线部分作条件状语。虽然我非常尊敬他，但我不同意他的建议。划线部分作让步状语。2状语从句有哪些类别？8.Food is to man what oil is to indus

5、try.9.The employee behaved as if he were the boss.食物之于人正如石油之于工业。划线部分作比较状语。这个员工表现得像老板似的。划线部分作方式状语。2状语从句一般分为九大类别：时间状语从句；地点状语从句；原因状语从句；目的状语从句；结果状语从句；条件状语从句；让步状语从句；比较状语从句和方式状语从句。3状语从句从属连词有哪些？翻译下列句子，指出句中的从属连词类别1.The teacher is more strict with us than he used to be.2.Do as youre told to.答案1老师比以前更加严格要求我们。

6、从属连词than表比较。2按照吩咐的去做。从属连词as表方式。3状语从句从属连词有哪些？3.Whoever does the job,well pay him or her by the job.4.The system wont work unless all of us strictly stick to it.答案3无论谁干这项工作，我们都发计件工资。从属连词whoever表让步。4除非我们都严格遵守这项制度，它才会生效。从属连词unless表条件。3状语从句从属连词有哪些？5.The first time I came to the city,I became interested i

7、n its snacks.6.The school is situated where there used to be a factory.答案5第一次来这个城市，我就对它的小吃感兴趣。从属连词the first time表时间。6学校坐落在原来是座工厂的地方。从属连词where表地点。3状语从句从属连词有哪些？7.Since there is no time left,lets go on with the topic next time.8.Always be in high spirits so that you can face all the difficulties positi

8、vely.答案7既然没时间了，我们下次再继续谈这个话题。从属连词since表原因。8总是情绪高昂以便你能积极面对各种困难。从属连词so that表目的。3状语从句从属连词有哪些？9.He takes regular mild exercise so that he is quite healthy.答案他经常做温和型运动，所以很健康。从属连词so that表结果。3引导各类状语从句的从属连词分别为：时间状语从句：when,as,while,as soon as,before,after,since,till,until,the minute,the moment,the second,ever

9、y time，each time,the first time，the instant,immediately,directly，instantly,no sooner than，hardly when，scarcely when3引导各类状语从句的从属连词分别为：地点状语从句：where,wherever原因状语从句：because,since,as,now that,seeing that,in that目的状语从句：so that,in order that,lest,in case,for fear that,in the hope that,for the purpose that,

10、to the end that 3引导各类状语从句的从属连词分别为：结果状语从句：so that，so that，such that，to the degree that,to the extent that条件状语从句：if,unless,as/so long as,only if,providing/provided that,supposing that,in case that,on condition that 3引导各类状语从句的从属连词分别为：让步状语从句：though,although,even if,even though,as(须倒装)，while(放句首)，no matt

11、er，whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever，whetheror比较状语从句：(as)as,not as/soas，than，the more the more，A is to B what/as X is to Y；方式状语从句：as,as if,as though翻译下列句子，找出其从属连词1.On condition that you return the book on time,you can keep it for 2 weeks.4引导状语从句从属连词形式上有什么特点？假如你按时归还这本书，你可以借两个星期。句中从

12、属连词：on condition that。4引导状语从句从属连词形式上有什么特点？2.The second I heard the cry for help,I rushed out of room to see what was happening.3.Considering nobody is absent,we are more likely to win the game.我一听到呼救声，我就冲出房间看个究竟。句中从属连词：the second。鉴于无人缺席，我们赢得比赛的把握更大。句中从属连词：considering that。4引导状语从句从属连词形式上有什么特点？4.Its a

13、 long time since we last saw each other.5.Take an umbrella with you in case it rains.我们好久不见了。句中从属连词：since。带把雨伞去吧，以防下雨。句中从属连词：in case。6.Provided everything goes well,the project will hopefully come to an end this June.假如一切顺利，这个工程可望今年6月竣工。句中从属连词：provided。4引导状语从句从属连词形式上有什么特点？4状语从句中从属连词在形式上具有如下特点：在数量上，可

14、能是一个单词，也可能是短语。从属连词本身可以是连词，也可由其他词类转化而来。因而，从属连词在原始词性上，可能是连词，如since；4可能是名词，如the minute,the moment,the second,every time，each time,the first time，the instant；可能是副词，如immediately，directly，instantly；可能是现在分词，如supposing(that),providing(that)；可能是过去分词，如given that；还可能是介词短语，如in case(that)。根据提示，完成下列句子，注意状语从句与主句的时

15、态关系1.When I arrived at the airport,the plane _ _(起飞了)解析主句“起飞”动作发生在从句动作“到达”之前。5状语从句的时态与主句有什么联系？offhad taken2.What are you going to be _(当你长大时)?解析从句动作“长大”与主句状态动词“干什么”同时发生，均用将来时态。但此处从句动词时态为 一般式表将来。when you grow up5状语从句的时态与主句有什么联系？3.She burst into tears as soon as she_(被告知)of her failure in the intervie

16、w.解析在as soon as 引导的“一就”句型中，从句动作与主句动作衔接紧凑，可理解为(几乎)同时发生。was informed5状语从句的时态与主句有什么联系？4.Because I _(进行)a conversation with my parents,we reached better understanding of each other.解析从句谓语动词动作have先于主句谓语动词动作reach发生。had had5状语从句的时态与主句有什么联系？5从句与主句的时态关系是通过从句与主句的谓语动词动作(或状态)发生的时间关系来确定的：从句谓语动词动作(或状态)先于主句谓语动词动作(

17、或状态)发生；从句谓语动词动作(或状态)与主句谓语动词动作(或状态)同时发生；从句谓语动词动作(或状态)后于主句谓语动词动作(或状态)发生。因此，从句和主句各自的时态应该彼此参照使用，注意彼此时态在逻辑意义上的一致性。5但要注意在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，一般式表将来。如：When you come(不用will come)here tomorrow,I will be on the way to Shanghai；If I succeed(不用will succeed)in passing the exam next month,Ill be no longer stressed.6时间

18、状语从句的从属连词when,while，as用法上有何区别？根据句子意思选择最佳词语(when,while,as)填空(每空一词)1._she came in,I was watching TV.2.Would you please look after my pet dog _I was away on business?3.The head teacher laughed _he spoke.Obviously,he was satisfied with our performance.whileasWhen6表示“当时候”时，when可接短暂性或延续性动词，既可表点时间，也可表段时间；w

19、hile只能接延续性动作，表段时间；as强调两个动作同时发生，常译为“一边一边”。7原因状语从句的从属连词as,since,because用法上有何区别？根据句子意思选词(as,since,because)填空(每空一词)1.It is _ he is ill that he isnt here celebrating your birthday.2._ you have known the truth from head to toe,I wont give any explanation.3._ the weather is not so helpful,we had better pre

20、pare two plans in advance.As Sincebecause7表达原因时，使用as,since，because等从属连词，它们的区别主要是语气上的区别，但在实际运用中，语气是很难把握的东西，因此掌握相关句式和含义是关键。because语气最强，表示与结果直接相关的原因，可译为“(正/就是)因为”，所以常用于强调句型或回答why引导的问题。7since表示顺承关系，表达说话者认为合乎情理的逻辑推断，可译为“既然(就)”，此时用法上相当于now that。as语气比较弱，常译为“由于”，不强调原因时，有时可与because通用。7注意：for也可以表示原因，但它是并列连词，用

21、法上注意两点：不放句首(语气弱)；引出补充说明的原因，不必直接翻译成“因为”。如：Come up to me,for I have something important to tell you.(过来，我有要事对你讲。)根据句子意思选词(though,although,as,while)填空1._ the Internet has so many conveniences,it also has a lot of inconveniences.2._ the actress is beautiful,I dont like her.3.Child _ he is,he is the firs

22、t Chinese to travel across Europe alone by bike.8让步状语从句的从属连词though,although,as,while用法上有何区别？答案1.While/Though/Although2.Though/Although3.as/though8 让步状语从句的从属连词though,although,as,while用法上有何区别？根据句子意思选词(though,although,as,while)填空8表 达 让 步 含 义 时，常 用 从 属 连 词 though,although,as,while引导让步状语从句。while强调对比，只能放句

23、首，以引出相对或相反的情况，译为“在同时，却(有相反的情况)”，此时可以用though或although替换。though与although大部分情况下可以互相替换，既可放句首，也可放句末。as 引导让步状语从句必须倒装，此时可以用though替换，但不可用although替换。9时间状语从句的从属连词till,until用法上有何区别？根据句子意思填空(till,until)选词1.Yesterday,I waited for you at the bus station _ 4 oclock in the afternoon.2._ you told me,I had heard noth

24、ing of what happened.Untiluntil/till3.Not _ the war ended did he return home.4.It was not_ the result of the exam was announced that he realized he had organized time badly.until until9时间状语从句的从属连词till,until用法上有何区别？根据句子意思填空(till,until)选词9这两个连词意义基本相同。两个连词均可用于肯定形式，表示“做某事直至某时”，此时动词是延续性的。在否定形式表达“直至某时才做某事

25、”时只能用until，此时动词为非延续性。另外注意表示“直到 才”意义的倒装句型和强调句型。10状语从句中“一般式表将来”的含义是什么？根据汉语提示，完成句子1.当你明天早上8点赶到机场时，我派车来接你。_at 8 oclock tomorrow morning,Ill send a car to pick you up.2.妈妈说假如我在英语演讲比赛拿到一等奖，就送我出国深造。Mum said _ in the English Speaking Contest,I would be sent abroad to make further study.答案1.When you arrive a

26、t the airport2.if I took the first place10状语从句中“一般式表将来”的含义是什么？根据汉语提示，完成句子3.假如你明天完成了所有任务，你可以提前回家。_，you can go home ahead of time.答案If you have finished all your tasks tomorrow根据汉语提示，完成句子10状语从句中“一般式表将来”的含义是什么？在时间状语或条件状语从句中，时态上常用一般式表将来，“一般式表将来”包括三方面含义：一般现在时表一般将来时(见上述句1)；一般过去时表过去将来时(见上述句2)；现在完成时表将来完成时(见上述句3)。10