1、英语试题 第 页(共 10 页)2023 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(模拟)英 语2023.5本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分 120 分。考试用时 100 分钟。注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分 50 分)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C
2、、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AHere is a shortened list of books planned by TIME and TIME for Kids that are suitable for elementary schoolers.To make the list,we asked for submissions from climate and education experts.We then considered how age-appropriate the material was,and whether the tone and story line lef
3、t the reader feeling engaged and empowered rather than anxious or overwhelmed.WE ARE WATER PROTECTORSBy Carole Lindstrom;illustrated by Michaela GoadeA tribute(致敬)to native tribes that are protecting the planet,this book metaphorically shows the harms of oil pipelines.Kids will see the value of comm
4、unity action,while adults will recognize the story of the Standing Rock Siouxs fight against the Dakota Access Pipeline.THE BOY WHO HARNESSED THE WINDBy William Kamkwamba and Bryan Mealer;illustrated by Elizabeth ZunonThe picture-book edition of this memoir recounts the author s teenage experience b
5、uilding a windmill from scrap materials during an extreme drought an inspiring tale for future clean-energy engineers.THE LORAXBy Dr.SeussThanks to its rhyme and fanciful illustrations,this classic tale is suitable for young children who can grasp the scarcity of natural resources,and also older kid
6、s who can see a danger in valuing 1英语试题 第 页(共 10 页)profits over long-term environmental harm.CLIMATE CHANGE,THE CHOICE IS OURSBy David Miles;illustrated by Albert PinillaEvery left page defines a climate-change issue while every right page features a spin wheel,giving kids the“choice”of how we can e
7、ither address the problem or worsen it.1.Whose book will you prefer if you want to be a wind energy engineer?A.Bryan Mealer.B.David Miles.C.Michaela Goade.D.Dr.Seuss.2.Which book guides readers to make options about enviornment protection?A.THE LORAX.B.WE ARE WATER PROTECTORS.C.THE BOY WHO HARNESSED
8、 THE WIND.D.CLIMATE CHANGE,THE CHOICE IS OURS.3.What do the four books have in common?A.They are intended for kids in the kindergarten.B.The plots are mysterious and get the readers involved.C.Their materials are edited by climate and education experts.D.They are about environment protection and hav
9、e pictures attached.BOn a tram smoothly pulling into the heart of Luxembourg City,Marck gives a smile and takes a look at the fabric of the seat next to him.For him,the city s trams are more than just transport.More even than the focus of his job.They are about transforming his country and,perhaps,c
10、hanging the world.Marck is the director general of Luxtram,Luxembourgs modern trams.It first started running services two years ago.Next year,Luxembourg will become the worlds only country to get rid of fares on all its forms of public transport.Luxembourg s traffic problems come from its army of wo
11、rkers.The population of the capital city almost doubles during the working day,when more than 110,000 people travel in and out.After three decades when its roads have become so crowded,Luxembourg is going to do something remarkable.Free fares,and a plan to persuade people to switch from cars to tram
12、s or trains.Marck,along with many others,is excited to see what happens next.“The fact that this is free means that everyone can use it young or old,rich or poor,”he said.“Everyone can say to themselves it s better to leave the car at home.We must continue to improve and extend the network.It must a
13、lways be comfortable,well-connected,efficient.”2英语试题 第 页(共 10 页)Lydie Polfer,the citys mayor,says she hopes to reach the point where more than a third of people come into the city using public transport at the moment,its less than one in five.She said,“It s not practical to ban cars because some peo
14、ple,like the elderly,need them.But everyone has to be aware that he or she can do something to improve the situation.There is an expression in German you are not in the traffic jam you are the traffic jam,and that is true.I think that making it free will be the biggest arguments for people to use pu
15、blic transport.”4.Why does Marck think the citys trams are more than just transport?A.The trams are his goal that he strives for.B.There are more means of transportation than trams.C.Citys trams bring more changes beyond transport.D.The trams are the heart of Luxembourg City transport system.5.What
16、does paragraph2 mainly talk about?A.The cause of the traffic problems.B.The means of public transport.C.The development of running services.D.The increase of working population.6.What concerns people most when using the public transport?A.The convenience.B.The fare.C.The comfort.D.The efficiency.7.W
17、hat can be inferred from what Lydie Polfer said?A.The elderly neednt use public transport.B.Its possible to persuade most people to use the trams.C.Everyone can do his part to improve transport situation.D.Those who dont take public transport cause traffic jams.CHave you ever wished you could be bet
18、ter organised or more sociable?Perhaps you re a constant worrier,and youd prefer to be a little more carefree?Many surveys show that at least two-thirds of people would like to change some elements of their personality.In the past,such desires appeared to be unachievable.Like the proverbial leopard
19、that could never change its spots,our virtues and flaws were believed to be woven into the fabric of our minds.Recent scientific research,however,proves this expectation of personality s permanence wrong.With the right psychological strategies and enough effort,many people can successfully shape the
20、ir core personalities into what they desire.Our genes almost certainly play a role:its why peoples personalities often reflect their biological parents ones.The influence of our social environment was thought to end in early adulthood,as the brain reached maturity.If this were true,it wouldn t be po
21、ssible to shift 3英语试题 第 页(共 10 页)personality at will.Yet that is exactly what psychology professor Nathan Hudson and his colleagues have shown with a series of groundbreaking studies.The interventions in their studies typically involve arranging regular activities that reflect the personalities peop
22、le wish to adopt.A quiet person who wished to be more outgoing,for example,might have the goal of introducing themselves to a stranger once a week,or making small talk with the cashier at their local supermarket.The aim is for the thinking patterns and behaviours they generate to become habitual.In
23、the first trial,provided participants actually completed those arranged tasks,their personalities shifted in the desired direction.Similarly exciting results could be seen in a later trial.The differences of participants personalities before and after the intervention were still apparent three month
24、s after the experiment had ended.As Aristotle argued more than 2,300 years ago,we become what we repeatedly do.The unexpected plasticity of our minds should be good news for anyone who wishes they were a bit more sociable,organised,or happy-go-lucky.Another potential benefit is that awareness of thi
25、s research could help improve mental health.8.Why is“leopard”mentioned in paragraph2?A.To explain that our minds consist of virtues and flaws.B.To show the similarity between leopards and human beings.C.To prove a possibility that people can change their personality.D.To demonstrate the previous bel
26、ief that personalities remain fixed.9.What can be inferred about the“interventions”?A.The two trials reached different conclusions.B.Activities are tailored to specific personalitites.C.The purpose is to better peoples personalities.D.Peoples personalities can be changed but cant last.10.What has Na
27、than Hudsons team shown through their studies?A.The previous expectation of personalitys permanence was confirmed.B.The influence of our social environment ends when the brain matures.C.The desire to change some elements of our personality can be achieved.D.Our genes play a greater role in our perso
28、nality than social environment.11.What is the best title for the text?A.We Are What We DoB.Habits Make Things EasierC.Your Personality Is Not Set In StoneD.A Leopard Never Changes Its Spots4英语试题 第 页(共 10 页)DYou may have wondered how lavender is used for social anxiety.But first,just what is lavender
29、?Lavender,also known as English or garden lavender,is a herb native to the Mediterranean region.Historically,lavender was used to mummify bodies in Egypt,in baths in Greece and Rome,and for curing the broken skin and mental health purposes.Today,lavender is used as a traditional or complementary rem
30、edy for relaxation,to reduce anxiety,and depression,as well as for diseases such as stomach upset and headaches.No scientific studies have specifically examined the benefits of lavender use for social anxiety disorder.In a 2000 study,Cook and Ernst reported that in general,aromatherapy(芳香疗法)is helpf
31、ul in reducing anxiety and stress in the short-term.A 2012 study also showed some evidence of the usefulness of lavender taken for anxiety.More research is needed to support the use of lavender for the treatment of social anxiety disorder.Lavender is usually used in the form of an essential oil as p
32、art of aromatherapy.The scent is inhaled,or the oil is applied to the skin,which will benefit the anxious people quickly.Dried lavender can also be used to make a tea or liquid extract.Lavender may also be taken in pill form.Lavender tea can be made by using 1 to 2 teaspoons of dried leaves for 15 m
33、inutes in a cup of boiling water.In liquid extract form,no more than 60 drops of lavender should be taken in a day.Before taking lavender in liquid form,you should read the product label and discuss the dose with a qualified health care provider.There is not enough scientific evidence to safely reco
34、mmend lavender for children younger than 18 years.Lavender taken by mouth has the potential to increase the risk of bleeding.If you suffer from a bleeding disorder or are taking medicine that may increase bleeding,use caution when taking lavender.12.What can we know about lavender from paragraph1?A.
35、It can help deal with mental health problems.B.It was used to preserve dead bodies in Greece.C.It was used to cure stomach upset and headaches.D.It is a herb introduced into the Mediterranean region.13.What is the main idea of paragraph2?A.The treatment for social anxiety disorder.B.The history of a
36、romatherapy reducing stress.C.The benefits of lavender used for mental disorder.D.The researches on the use of lavender for social anxiety.5英语试题 第 页(共 10 页)14.How is paragraph3 developed?A.By collecting data.B.By making a list.C.By introducing concepts.D.By making comparisons.15.What can we learn ab
37、out taking lavender from the text?A.It may worsen the bleeding.B.Its proved to be unsafe for kids of 14.C.Lavender in pill form functions better than that in liquid.D.A dose should be decided according to the product label.第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Being
38、 late is a tendency that some people cannot seem to shake.Many factors contribute to continual lateness,including time perception,time management and personality.We all know someone who never seems to be on time,whether its to a lunch date or a work meeting.16“It is likely that there s a mechanism i
39、n the brain that causes some people to be late for meetings because they underestimate the time it will take them to get there,”Hugo Spiers,a professor at University College London told Live Science.17 Research suggests that neurons in the hippocampus(海马体)acting as“time cells”contribute to our perce
40、ption and memory of events,but why exactly some people continually underestimate time is unclear.One factor may be how familiar we are with a space.For the 2017 study,Spiers asked 20 students who had newly moved to London to sketch a map of their college district and estimate travel times to differe
41、nt destinations.The students space estimates expanded if they knew an area well.18 “If youre very familiar with a space,you start to discount the trouble it will take,”Spiers said.Another environmental factor may be crowdedness.In a 2022 study in the journal Virtual Reality,researchers asked partici
42、pants to estimate the length of more or less crowded simulated(模拟的)subway trips.They found that crowded commutes felt like they took 10%longer than less busy rides.19 20 Certain character features,such as reduced conscientiousness(责任心),can cause some people to forget tasks that they had planned ahea
43、d of time.6英语试题 第 页(共 10 页)A.Personality also plays a role in running late.B.That was linked to it being an unpleasant experience.C.We make time estimates based on how urgent the tasks are.D.However,their estimates of travel time contracted with familiarity.E.But is there a good explanation for why
44、some people are always late?F.A region of the brain,called hippocampus,processes some aspects of time.G.Thats because people who run late tell themselves and others they can be punctual.第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。It isnt ev
45、ery day that the future and the past meet on national television.Peter Davies,a 100-year-old World War II veteran from Macclesfield,England struggled to find 21 in his life after his wife passed away.22,when his daughter suggested he offer his help at the local elementary school,he decided to 23 it.
46、Peter 24 at Dean Valley Primary School,Bollington,and he is a huge hit with all of the children he tutors.He makes reading into a fun game,and his new 25 as a grandfatherly figure makes him feel more 26 to his community than ever before.“The kids are 27;they are like sponges(海绵).”said Peter.“Im sure
47、 I get more out of it than the 28 do.Im not this old man who lives on his own.Im part of the 29,which is great.Plus my street 30 is extremely good because Ill be going 31 in the village and a child will shout out Hello Mr.Davies,and I feel 32.”In 2023,Peter received a British Empire Medal(BEM)from K
48、ing Charles!Now,33 being just famous locally,Peter is a national celebrity.He recently 34 on television with the youngest recipient of the BEM,18-year-old author and environmentalist Dara McAnulty.“He is the 35,I am the past,”Peter said of Dara.21.A.meaningB.wisdomC.standardD.courage22.A.MeanwhileB.
49、NeverthelessC.ThereforeD.Moreover23.A.proveB.exploreC.manageD.attempt24.A.worksB.volunteersC.registersD.engages7英语试题 第 页(共 10 页)25.A.reputationB.statusC.postD.state26.A.connectedB.restrictedC.equalD.inferior27.A.flexibleB.naughtyC.patientD.great28.A.heroesB.humansC.childrenD.adults29.A.societyB.popu
50、lationC.communityD.nation30.A.reactionB.effortC.devotionD.credit31.A.anywhereB.nowhereC.somewhereD.elsewhere32.A.gratefulB.honoredC.ambitiousD.surprised33.A.in addition toB.instead ofC.due toD.in spite of34.A.appearedB.performedC.advertisedD.shared35.A.prospectB.trendC.presentD.future 第二节(共 10 小题;每小
51、题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Chief Executive Officer of Beijing Aiqi Technology Yang Zhang has revived the Chinese cultural practice of using the mortise and tenon(榫卯)technique for construction which is on the edge of extinction.He used the ancient mortise and tenon techniqu
52、e 36(construct)the Turret of Palace Museum at a 1 81 miniscale.The choice of“Turret of Palace Museum”as the theme for the mini building block project 37(base)on several factors.38(locate)in the Forbidden City of Beijing,this architectural treasure boasts the most delicate design and elegant shape am
53、ong Chinese royal buildings.It was historically responsible 39 protecting the palace.The complex layout of the turret posed 40 unprecedented(史无前例的)technical challenge for Zhang and his team of designers and developers.Unlike conventional building block 41(toy),Zhang aimed to create a model made 42(e
54、ntire)of authentic mortise and tenon components.The entire process of design took nearly five years,with hundreds of design iterations and continuous adjustments.The mortise and tenon technique,43 is the primary construction method used in ancient Chinese architecture and represents the core of 44(t
55、radition)Chinese woodworking,is gaining increasing 45(recognize)among the public.8英语试题 第 页(共 10 页)第三部分 写作(共两节,满分 40 分)第一节(满分 15 分)你的留学生朋友 Paul 要参加“中国古诗词朗读大赛”,请你给他推荐一首古诗,用唐朝诗人王之涣的登鹳雀楼或其他你喜欢的古诗进行推荐。要点如下:1.诗歌名称及作者;2.推荐理由:写作手法及内涵等。附:登鹳雀楼 On the Stork Tower王之涣 Wang Zhihuan白日依山尽,The sun beyond the mountai
56、n glows;黄河入海流。The Yellow River seawards flows.欲穷千里目,You can enjoy a grander sight;更上一层楼。By climbing to a greater height.(许渊冲译)注意:1.词数应为 80 左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Paul,Delighted to know you will participate in the contest,Id like to recommendYours,Li Hua 第二节(满分 25 分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段,使之构成
57、一篇完整的短文。The automobile industry is spending billions on self-driving cars,just so we can sit in the back seat like some high-powered corporate executive.But what if we quite like driving?On holiday a few years ago,I spent hours being transported on trains,buses and planes.Then,finally,came the secti
58、on of the holiday during which I hired a set of wheels.After decades of marriage,it was not often that you received real praise from your partner,but on the highways of Crete compliments came with every successful action.“Oh,well done!”said 9英语试题 第 页(共 10 页)Jocasta,her voice full of admiration,as I
59、navigated a roundabout without killing us both.Into the roundabout(环岛)I went,slowing down as we entered,then speeding up as we returned to the straight.Really,it was like driving in a F1 race.We turned right,then right again,following the GPS navigation system,and found ourselves in a small Cretan t
60、own.I spoke strictly to the GPS:“We don t want to be here;we want the highway.”It instructed me to turn right once more.With every turn the street narrowed.It was like being in a magical shrinking room.We retracted(缩回)the side mirrors.We took another turn.The new road was even narrower,the walls so
61、close you felt compelled to hold your breath.Another car appeared coming towards us from the opposite direction.The driver gestured,telling me I would have to make way.But how?I didn t have the nerve to back up along the impossibly narrow road.There was a narrow garage opening to one side,a small si
62、de street to the other.If I could squeeze the car forward into the garage,I could then back into the side street,allowing the other car to pass.Locals arrived,standing on various sides of the vehicle,helpfully indicating that I had a centimetre to spare here a millimetre there.There were brick walls
63、 on both sides of the car.There was zero chance that I wouldnt damage the vehicle.注意:1.续写词数应为 150 左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。A local stood at the back of the vehicle,waving me on.The other car passed.10高三英语答案 第 1 页(共 5 页)2023 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（模拟）英语试题参考答案及评分标准 2023.05第一部分 阅读(满分 50 分)13 ADD47 CABC811 DBCC1
64、215 ADBA1620 EFDBA第二部分 语言运用(满分 30 分)第一节 完形填空(满分 15 分)2125 ACDBB2630 ADCCD3135 ABBAD第二节 语篇填空(满分 15 分)36.to construct37.was based 38.Located39.for40.an 41.toys42.entirely43.which44.traditional45.recognition第三部分 写作(满分 40 分)第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分)Dear Paul,Delighted to know you will participate in the contes
65、t,Id like to recommend my favouritepoem On the Stork Tower.The poem is a masterpiece with only four lines,written by Wang Zhihuan,a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty.In the first two lines,the writer portrays a spectacular sight featuring the setting sun against high mountains and the Yellow River by
66、using the typical technique of Chinese poemsantithesis.The last two lines convey the poets great ambition hidden in the metaphor of“great height”on the Stork Tower,which makes the poem a long-standing classic quoted in many contexts.Hope my recommendation can be of any help.If there is anything I ca
67、n do,please do not hesitate to ask me.Yours,Li Hua 高三英语答案 第 2 页(共 5 页)应用文写作评分标准 一、评分细则 1.本题总分为15 分，分五个档次进行评分。2.评分时应主要从内容组织、词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑。具体为：(1)对于内容要点的覆盖情况以及表述的清楚程度和合理性。(2)使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。(3)上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。3.评分时，先根据作答的整体情况初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量确定或调整档次，最后给分。4.评分时还应注意：(1)词数少于60 的，酌情扣分。(2)单词拼写
68、和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。(3)书写较差，以至影响交际的将分数降低一个档次。二、各档次的给分范围和要求 第五档：（13-15）能写明全部要点，语言基本无误，行文连贯，表达无误。第四档：（10-12）能写明全部或绝大部分要点，语言有少量错误，行文不够连贯，表达基本清楚。第三档：（7-9）能写明基本要点，语言虽有较多错误，但能基本达意。第二档：（4-6）能写出部分要点，语言错误多，影响意思表达。第一档：（1-3）只能写出一两个要点，里面错误很多，只有个别句子正确。第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分)One possible ve
69、rsion:A local stood at the back of the vehicle,waving me on.He was making vigorousthis way,this way movements with his arms.In an act of blind trust,I followed his instructions,creeping backwards and forwards.The car wriggled deep into the garage one centimeter at a time.Through countless adjustment
70、s,finally the car lay straight in the garage!Then with the instructions of all the locals,turning my head left and right looking back hundreds of times,I backed it into the side street.The other car passed.The driver gave me a grateful wave.In relief,I waved back to her,finding my hands trembling.Ti
71、red out and all sweaty,I lay back on the seat,breathed in and out to steady my nerves for a while,then reluctantly sat straight.Jocasta swiveled towards me.“Youre my hero,”she squeezed my hand as she said.We set off again.I accelerated towards the highway.Who would swap all this for a self-drive car
72、?高三英语答案 第 3 页(共 5 页)读后续写评分标准 一评分原则：1.本题总分为25 分,按五个档次进行评分。2.评分时,应主要从内容、词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑,具体为:(1)续写内容的质量、完整性以及与原文情境的融洽度。(2)所使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。(3)语句间的衔接和全文的连贯性。3.评分时,应先根据作答的整体情况确定其所属的档次,然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量,确定或调整档次,最后给分。4.评分时还应注意:(1)词数少于120 的,酌情扣分;(2)书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分;(3)单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面,评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以
73、考虑,英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。二、各档次的给分范围和要求：档 次描述第五档(21-25)-创造了丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高；-使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，可能有个别小错，但完全不影响理解；-有效地使用了语句间的衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯；第四档(16-20)-创造了比较丰富、合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文情境融洽度较高；-使用了比较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达比较流畅，可能有些许错误,但不影响理解；-比较有效地使用了语句间的衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯；第三档(11-15)-创造了基本合理的内
74、容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，与原文情境有关联；-使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有一些错误和不恰当之处，但基本不影响理解；-基本有效的使用了语句间的衔接手段，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。第二档(6-10)-内容和逻辑有一些重大问题，续写不完整，与原文情境有一定程度的脱节；-所用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多，且比较低级，影响理解；-未能有效的使用语句间的衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义不够连贯；第一档(1-5)-内容或逻辑有较多重大问题，或部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境基本脱节；-所使用的词汇有限，语法结构简单，错误较多，严重影响理解；-几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯；零分-未做答，所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判；-所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关。