1、Module 4 A Social SurveyMy NeighbourhoodGrammar1.Learn the usage of the present perfect tense.2.Know the differences between the present perfect tense and the past simple tense.1.Its been six years since we last saw each other.2.This is the first time Ive visited your hometown.3.Ive visited some bea
2、utiful cities,but this is one of the most attractive places Ive been to.4.Theyve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently.Try to find how Present Perfect Tense is formed Form:Usage:1.An action completed in the past but connected with the present situation.2.An action begins in the past and still
3、 continues.have/has done用法:1.“已完成”用法：过去发生，对现在造成了影响或结果。例如：1）I cleaned my hands.我洗手了。（仅仅指过去的一个动作而已。）2）I have just cleaned my hands,and they are clean now.我刚洗过手,现在很干净了。（“洗手”是发生在过去的动作对现在造成的结果是“手干净了”）2.“未完成”用法：过去已开始，持续到现在，可能继续持续下去。标志词：for,since,so far,by now,these days,in the last/past ten years I have l
4、ived here for over ten years.He has studied here since 2006.He has already obtained a scholarship.I havent seen him recently(lately).We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet?【拓展】1.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already,yet,just,before,recently,lately等。2.现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often
5、,sometimes,ever,never,twice,on several occasions等。Have you ever been to Beijing?I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times.It is still good.3.现在完成时往往还可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now,up to these days/weeks/months/years,this morning/week/month/year,now,today,up to
6、present,so far，in the past/last few years 等。Peter has written six papers so far.Great changes have taken place in our country in the past few years.Up to now everything has been successful.1.句子中含有for或since等引导的短语或句子时，谓语动词只能是延续性动词。注意事项：He has lived here since 1978.She has been married for 10 years.Tru
7、e or False1.I have read the reference book but I dont understand it.（）2.I have bought the pen for three years.()3.I cant find my glasses.Have you seen it?()4.The boy has fallen ill for two days.()5.His father has died for ten years.()6.The film has been on for half an hour.()TFhadTFbeenFbeen deadT【即
8、学即练】2.Sentence patterns (几种常见的固定句式）1)It/This is the first/second time that 2)This is the first time that I have come to China.2)It/This is the best/finest/most interesting thatThis is the best film that I have ever seen.3)It is/has been+一段时间+since+过去式It has been seven years since he smoked.3.一般过去时&现
9、在完成时的区别一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。I lost my pen yesterday.我昨天丢了钢笔。（强调昨天的动作）I have lost my pen.我把钢笔丢了。（强调现在的结果）He worked in that hospital 8 years ago.我八年前在那家医院工作。（单纯指过去的动作）He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.他在医院已经工作了八年了。（强调动作一直持续到现在）He has gone toShanghai
10、.他(已经)去上海了。He has been toShanghai.他(曾经)去过上海。4.have been 与have gone 的区别1)I _(see)Tom last Friday.2)_ you _(go)to the Great Wall last summer?3)Where _ you _(put)my pen?I _(put)it in my pencil-box,but its nowhere to be found.4)When _ you _(start)to live in China?【即学即练】用动词的适当形式填空：sawDidgohaveputputdidst
11、art5)The train _(leave)already.When _ the train _(leave)?6)It has been five years since I _(meet)you last.7)Where _ you _(be)for the last two weeks?8)I _(lose)my pen in the bedroom.I have to write with a pencil.has leftdidleavemethavebeenhave lostWhats the adverbial of time?already,yet,ever,neversin
12、ce,for,recently.Whats the form of thePresent Perfect Tense?have/has doneWhats the differences between the present perfect tense and the past simple tense?.Some special sentence structure?This is the first time.This is the best.现在完成时知多少？1.I remember you were a talented pianist at college.Can you play
13、 the piano for me?【2012 湖南高考】Sorry,I _ the piano for years.A.dont play B.wasnt playC.havent played D.hadnt played【解析】选C。句意：我记得大学时你是一名很有天赋的钢琴家，能为我弹奏一曲吗？抱歉，我已经好多年没弹钢琴了。表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的情况，所以用现在完成时。2.In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the world.【2011天津 高考】A.have produced B.have been prod
14、ucedC.are producing D.are being produced【解析】选B。句意：在过去的几年里，全世界成千上万的电影已被制作。题干中的in the last few years是现在完成时的标志，根据句意表被动，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，故选B。3.I didnt ask for the name list.Why _on my desk?I put it there just now in case you needed it.【2011安徽高考】A.does it land B.has it landed C.will it land D.had it landed【
15、解析】选B。句意：我没有要名单，怎么名单在我桌上？我刚才放在那里的，免得你需要。问句中谈论的事情即“放”的动作发生在过去，强调的是对话发生时的情况，需要使用现在完成时，故选B。4.It is the most instructive lecture that I _ since I came to this school.【2011湖南高考】A.attended B.had attended C.am attending D.have attended【解析】选D。考查动词的时态。句意：自我来到这所学校以来，这是我听过的最有益的一次演讲了。5.Up to now,the program _ t
16、housands of children who would otherwise have died.【2010山东高考】A.would save B.savesC.had saved D.has saved【解析】选D。句意：截止现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。up to now是现在完成时态的标志，所以空格处使用现在完成时态。6.Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns.【2010福
17、建高考】A.promised B.were promisedC.have promised D.have been promised【解析】选D。考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：每年大批的农民到深圳去寻找赚钱的工作，这些工作是在他们离开家乡之前已经许诺给他们的。7When shall we restart our business?Not until we_ our plan.【2010四川高考】A.will finish B.are finishingC.are to finish D.have finished【解析】选D。句意：我们什么时候重新开始我们的生意？直到我们完成我们的计划(才重
18、新开始)。在时间状语从句中，经常用现在完成时表将来完成时。8.For many years,people _ electric cars.However,making them has been more difficult than predicted.【2010浙江高考】A.had dreamed of B.have dreamed ofC.dreamed of D.dream of【解析】选B。句意：许多年来，人们都一直梦想着电动汽车。然而，制造它们比预期的要难。由此，推断此处的梦想从过去到现在。目前，市场上已经有了电动汽车，所以应用现在完成时。9.Im sorry,but I dont
19、 quite follow you.Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?Sorry,I_ myself clear.We want to return on October 20.【2010北京高考】A.hadnt made B.wouldnt makeC.dont make D.havent made【解析】选D。句意：对不起，我没听清，你是说你们想在9月20号回来吗？抱歉,我没说清楚，我们想在10月20号返回。强调对现在的影响，只能选havent made，故选D。复习现在完成时的用法HomeworkDiamond cuts diamond.强中自有强中手。
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