1、Section Unit 2语法讲座写作讲座知识必备专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习 虚拟语气()一、虚拟语气用于非真实条件句第一单元详细讲述了虚拟语气用于与现在事实相反和与将来事实可能相反的非真实条件句，所以本单元学习与过去事实相反的非真实条件句，主句和从句的形式如下：从句if 主语had过去分词主句主语would/should/could/mighthave过去分词If he had won the game,he wouldnt have been so sad.如果他赢得比赛的话，他就不会那么悲伤了。If you had taken my advice,you would not ha
2、ve failed in the exams.如果你当时听取我的忠告，你考试不会不及格的。考题印证111 If he _ my advice，he wouldnt have lost his job.AfollowedBshould followChad followed Dwould follow解析：选。考查虚拟语气。此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，故从句应用过去完成时。C12 John went to the hospital alone.If he _ me about it，I would have gone with him.Ashould tell BtellsCtold Dhad
3、 told解析：选。此题考查虚拟语气。在虚拟条件句中，如果表达与过去事实不符的情况，if从句的谓语应使用“had过去分词”的结构。故选D项。D二、错综时间虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。If she had studied hard,she would be a college student now.如果她努力学习了，她现在就是一名大学生了。(从句说明过去，主句说明现在)If I were you,I would have taken his advice.如果我是你，我就会接受他的
4、建议了。(从句说明现在，主句说明过去)点津错综时间虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合，这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同，更重要的是事实和假设的混合。I would have gone to Beijing with her last week,but I was fully occupied.上周我本来会和她去北京的，但我太忙了。考题印证221Maybe if I _science,and not literature then,I would be able to give you more help.Astudied Bwould studyChad studied Dwas stu
5、dying解析：选。考查错综时间的虚拟语气。主句用的是would be able to.表示对现在的假设，但由if从句中的then可知，从句表示对过去情况的虚拟，故选C项。C22 Bob would have helped us yesterday,but he _.Awas busy Bis busyChad been busy Dwill be busy解析：选。考查时态。would have done表示本来要做某事，可是实际上并没有做，是对过去事情的虚拟。此处but说明实际情况。故用一般过去时。A三、含蓄虚拟语气虚拟条件隐含在上下文中或通过without,or,but,otherwis
6、e等表示，这时可根据语境及具体意义采用虚拟形式。What would I have done without you?如果没有你我该怎么办呢？But for your help,we couldnt have finished the work on time.如果没有你的帮助，我们就不可能按时完成工作。He was very busy yesterday,otherwise he would have come to the party.他昨天太忙了，否则的话，他就会来参加聚会了。A gentleman(If he had been a gentleman),he wouldnt have
7、done so.一位绅士是不会那样做的。考题印证331 I _through that bitter period without your generous help.Acouldnt have gone Bdidnt go Cwouldnt go Dhadnt gone解析：选。考查虚拟语气。英语中，without,with,or,otherwise 等可构成含蓄虚拟语气，相当于条件状语从句“If it hadnt been your generous help”，表示与过去事实相反，此时句中的谓语动词应用should/could/would have过去分词。据此可知A项当选。句意：假如
8、当时没有您慷慨相助，我就不会度过那段艰难的时期。A32 I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.Ahad come Bwas comingCwould come Dwould have come解析：选。考查虚拟语气。句意：我不知道他们一直在等我，要不然我肯定会迅速点儿。根据句意可知，这里是对过去的虚拟，故主句用“would have done”的形式，选D项。D四、虚拟语气的其他用法1主语从句中的虚拟语气。在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“(should)动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。常用句型有：
9、(1)It is necessary(important，natural，strange，etc.)that.(2)It was a pity(a shame，no wonder，etc.)that.(3)It will be desired(suggested，decided，ordered，requested，proposed，etc.)that.It is necessary that we(should)learn English well.我们学好英语是必要的。It is a pity that Lucy(should)be so careless.真遗憾露茜竟这样粗心。It is
10、suggested that we(should)start before sunset.建议我们日落前出发。点津这种从句表示的是事实。如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇等情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that 从句也可用陈述句语气。It is a pity that you cant go with us.很遗憾你不能和我们一起去。2同位语从句和表语从句中的虚拟语气。表示建议、要求、命令等的名词如advice,idea,order,demand,plan,proposal,suggestion,request 等后跟表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“(should)动
11、词原形”。My advice is that we(should)tell him the news.我的建议是我们应该告诉他这个消息。He gave the advice that we(should)do the work carefully.他建议我们认真做这项工作。3as if/as though从句以及if only 后的句子常用虚拟语气。as if/as though/if only时间谓语动词的虚拟形式与过去相反had过去分词与现在相反一般过去时(be动词用were)与将来相反would/could/might动词原形He talked about the accident as
12、 if he had seen it.他谈起这次事故来好像他看到了一样。If only I had been to London.要是我去过伦敦就好了。点津 如果as if/as though 后的从句有明显的迹象表示可能发生时，不用虚拟语气。It is so cloudy.It looks as if it is going to rain.阴天，似乎要下雨了。4Its(high/about)time后的从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语动词常用过去时，也可用should动词原形，但should一般不省略。It is high time you went to school.点此进入改写英文诗歌请将下
13、面的英文短诗，以“Reading is valuable”为题改写成为一篇短文。I love reading books，Which are my best friends.They are an important bridge to a new world，Always helping me avoid getting puzzled.They remove all troubles just like a sharp knife，And bring happiness to me in daily life.As for me a book is the angels sweetest
14、kiss.Reading is valuableAlthough the Internet is becoming more and more popular,books are still very important to people.Thats why I love reading books so much.Reading is valuable in many ways.Firstly,reading can help us solve many difficult problems and get me out of trouble.Secondly,when I feel de
15、pressed some interestingbooks can make me happy.Thirdly reading can increase my interest in study and therefore I can do well in exams.All in all,I have benefited a lot from reading,which makes me a better person.I think books are the best gifts that God has given me.第一段：点明观点读书重要。第二段：分述读书的重要性。第三段：总结
16、回扣主题，进一步说明读书的好处。亮点一：巧妙运用各种连接词及短语，如：although,firstly,secondly,thirdly,therefore,all in all等，使得文章层次清晰，句与句之间过渡自然。亮点二：灵活运用多个复合结构，如句中的表语从句，句中的时间状语从句，句中的非限制性定语从句，句中的宾语从句及限制性定语从句等，使得文章结构清晰、丰富。改写是用不同形式表达同一内容，使之成为与原文意思相同而表现方式、文体不同的作品。改写可以变换文章的人称、顺序，可以改变原文的体裁、结构，也可以灵活运用自己的语言，尽可能用多种方法来表达、替换原文语句的内容。诗歌改写应该注意以下几点
17、：1改写必须忠实于原作的中心思想。这就要求想象和联想要符合原作精神，不能任意想象，扯得漫无边际。2诗歌用词比较精练、含蓄，感情色彩较浓厚，也就是说它们的内在含义比较丰富，改写者有发挥想象的余地，可以把原作简洁的词句展开成具体的景象，形成一篇与主题相关的文章。3改写要注意创作性。改写是再创作的过程。作者并不是单纯地翻译诗歌，不能仅就诗歌的内容进行简单的扩充，而是要进一步展开种种想象，使人物形象有血有肉，栩栩如生，使故事情节更加完整生动。4改写时可以插入丰富的想象，将原来文中没有的东西，如人物的表情、动作、语言、神态和行为等都加进去，在不改变原作主题思想的基础上，写成一篇完整的文章。总之，诗歌改写应该把握原文的主题，用通俗易懂的语言进行创作，加入自己的语言，使文章符合主题，流畅易懂。黄金表达As far as ones concerned.Compared with.In my opinion.Therefore,we can find that.If I were.I would.点此进入
