1、话题十一语言与学习1aimn瞄准；目标，目的v瞄准；对准；针对，对象是aimatdoingsth./todosth.力争做某事beaimedat目的是；旨在；针对takeaimat把目标对准2amountn数额；数量；金额v总计；共计amountto等于；相当于，总共，共计(to是介词)alargeamountof/largeamountsof大量的(修饰不可数名词)inlarge/small amounts大/少量地3anyhow(anyway) adv.无论如何；不管怎样4applyv申请；请求；使用；应用；涂，敷；勤奋工作，努力学习applytosb.forsth.向某人申请某物appl
2、ysth.tosth.把运用于；把涂抹于applyoneselfto (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事5assessvt.评估，估定；评定assesssb./sth.as.评定某事或某人为assesssth.at.估算为6averagen平均，平均数；一般，普通adj.平均的；普通的vt.平均达到on (the/an) average平均above/below (the) average高于/低于平均水平7basevt.以为据点(或总部等)；把设在；以为基础n根基，基底；底座；根据，出发点；基础base.on/upon.把建立在；以为根据bebasedon/upon以为根据(基础)on
3、thebasisof在基础上8behavev举动；(举止或行为)表现behaveoneself举止规矩9busyadj.忙碌的；无暇的；占线的；正被占用的bebusy (in) doing/withsth.忙于(做)某事10majoradj.主要的；较严重的v主修n专业majorin主修ina/themajority占大多数11occupyv占领；使用，占用；使忙于；忙着beoccupiedwith/(in) doing sth.忙于/(做)某事occupyoneselfwithsth./indoingsth.忙于(做)某事12preparev准备；使准备好prepareforsth.为某事做
4、准备preparesb.sth.preparesth.forsb.为某人准备某物bepreparedtodosth.乐意做某事makepreparationsfor为做准备13referv提到；说起；描述；涉及；参考referto查阅；参考；提到；指的是；关系到14respondvi.反应；回复，回答respondto响应；对作出反应；回答inresponseto作为对的答复/反应15responsibleadj.负责的，可靠的；应负责任的beresponsiblefor对负责；是的原因takeresponsibilityfor对有责任；对负责16requirevt.需要；要求required
5、oing/to be done某人/物需要被requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事17urgev催促；力劝；竭力主张；驱赶；鞭策n强烈的欲望，冲动urgesb.todo.催促某人做urgethat.(should) do.主张18vitaladj.生死攸关的；有生命力的；必不可少的bevitalto/for对重要Itisvitalthat.(should) do.重要的是19all短语allinall总的来说allover处处，到处inall总计；总共afterall毕竟，终究aboveall最重要的是atall全然；根本20short短语beshortfor.是的缩写/简称ins
6、hort简言之；总之.单句语法填空1Thisactivity(aim) atimprovingthestudentsabilityoflisteningandspeaking.2Thenewtechnology，if(apply) toricegrowing，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.3Hemadeacareful(assess) ofthesituation.4Theywereexpectedtobehave(they)5Heisbusy(feed) thecomputerwithnewdata.6Teachinganddoinghomeworkkeeph
7、er(occupy) everyday.7Well(prepare) forthecomingexam，hefeltquiteconfident.8Completetheexercisewithoutreferringadictionary.9Itisvitalthatstudents(finish) theirhomeworkontime.10PeoplewhocanspeakEnglisharethemajorityinthiscountry.11Moreandmorepeopleurgethegovernment(do) moreforthedisabled.12(base) onmyo
8、wnopinion，thisoneisfarbetterthanthatone.13Amountsofmoney(spend) onclotheseveryyear.14Hishouserequires(repair)15Werepreparingthisguidetohelpyourespondsuchsituations.根据要求完成句子1Theprogramisaimedatateenageaudience，soitispopularwiththem.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)2Ifyouapplyyourselftothejobinhand，youllsoonfinishit.(用现
9、在分词短语作状语改写)(用过去分词短语作状语改写)3当我进来的时候，学生们正忙着做作业。(一句多译)4她主张我应该向他道歉。(用urge翻译句子)5我在大学里主修英语。(一句多译)(一)阅读理解Theadvantagesofusingflashcardstobuildupavocabularyarewellknown.Youcanbuysetsofcards，ormakeyourown，andcarrythemwithyouwhereveryougo.Theresnoquestionthisisusefulandbecauseyoucanusetheminshortbursts，itsnott
10、oomuchforyou.Itcanbefun.Idontrecommenddrillingforhoursatatimewithflashcards.Ifyouwanttouseflashcardsoftware，thingsgetevenbetter.Therearemanypackagesoutthereformaintaininganddrillingflashcards.IrecommendVTrainthoughtherearemanyothers.Onestandsout，however: SuperMemo.SimilartoPimsleur，SuperMemoisengine
11、eredaccordingtoacarefullyresearchedmethodology(方法学) inordertotestyouonacardtheveryminimumnumberoftimesyouneedtoseeitforittostick.Whenyoulookatacard，yougivesomefeedbacktothesoftwareonwhetheryougotitrightandhoweasyyoufoundit.Itusesthisinformation，andthatofyourpreviousattempts，todecidewhenyouwillbeshow
12、nthecardnext.Itssmartanditreallyworks.Ifyourelikeme，thenewsisevenbetter! IhaveaversionofSuperMemothatrunsonmyPalmOSphone.WhereverIam，ifIhavemyphonehandy，Ihavethousandsofflashcardswithmetoo.Honestly，itwouldbeworthpurchasingacheapPalmdeviceonlyforthis.Youcanpickoneupfor20orevenlessoneBayorelsewhere.Co
13、nsiderit，atleast.1WithSuperMemo，whetherthenextcardwillbeshowndependson.AthetimeyoulookatthecardBtheinformationinthecomputerCthefeedbackonegivestothesoftwareDthetimesoneattemptstodowithacard2WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?AUsingcardstostudycanbeverytiring.BDontneedtostudywithflashcard
14、stoolongatatime.CThereisnotenoughflashcardssoftwareatpresent.DFlashcardsoftwarecanbecarriedwhereveryougo.3Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassage?ATointroducetousawaytobuildupavocabulary.BToteachushowtomakeflashcards.CTosuggestusbuyingflashcards.DTotellushowtouseflashcardsoftware.(二)七选五It
15、isnecessarybutdifficultforEnglishbeginnerstomemorizenewwords，andlonglistsofwordsseemtomakethemissionimpossible.Theyarepuzzledwhytheytrytomemorizewordswithgreateffortsbutforgetthemeasily.Thatswhythereareofteninquiriesabouthowtomemorizenewwords.4Herearesometipstohelp.5Wetoooftenseparatetheprocessofnew
16、wordsmemorizationfrompronunciation.Infactthesetwocanbecombinedandeachwillenhancetheother.Sayingthewordtoourselveshelpsactivateaural(hearing) memory，whichhelpsthememory.6Themorefamiliarwearewiththeword，thegreaterchancewewillhavetokeepitfortherestofourlife.NevermemorizesingleEnglishwords.7Relatethewor
17、dtotermswealreadyknow，eitherassynonymorantonym.Forexample，theword“gargantuan”(verylarge) issimilarinmeaningtowords“gigantic”，“huge”and“large”Makeasequenceofwords：“small，medium，large，gigantic，andgargantuan”Createamentalimageofthewordthatinvolvesstrongemotions.Think，“Thegargantuanwhaleisgoingtoswallow
18、mewhole.”LearningEnglishwordsrequiresaction.Complaininghowdifficultitistomemorizenewwordswillbeoflittlehelp.8HaveatrywithtenwordsadayandyouwillseewhatadifferenceyouwillmakeinourEnglishlearning.AMemorizingnewwordsisveryimportant.BSotakeactionrightnow.CActually，somehavegivenuplearningnewwords.DSpeakth
19、ewordwhilememorizingit.EMakeasmanyassociationsandconnectionsaspossible.FThesoundofwordhelpsusrecallthespellingandfamiliarizesuswiththeword.GInfact，learningnewwordsneedntbethatdifficult.英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高，有时用来指代前面提及的名词，有时也可能指代前面的一个句子。巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数可以准确而快速地解题。解题时需注意以下几点：1常用的代词有it，they，this，these，th
20、e，all等。2重视选项前后句中出现的代词，准确翻译句中代词的含义。3辨别清楚代词指代的单复数。4正确选项中，代词之后的关键词一定在原文的前一句谈论过。如果选项中说thisreward，那么选项前的句中一定出现过reward这个词或它的同义词。(三)完形填空MyfathergrewupinOklahomaduringtheearlyyearsoftheGreatDepression.Hewastheonlylivingchildofahardworkingfarmeranda9mother.WhenDadcompletedeighthgrade，mygrandfatherbelievedhis
21、onlysonwouldworkonthefarm.Mygrandmother，10，understoodthedoorthateducationcouldopenevenin11economictimes.Shepersuadedgrandfatherto12Dadtofinishhighschool.Dadworkedhardandcompletedhighschoolattheageof16.Atlast，grandpawastohavehiswish.Dadwouldworkonthefarm，easingtheeconomicandphysical13grandpacarried.B
22、utgrandmotheragain14grandpatopermitmyfathertogotocollege.After15，grandpamadethemostdifficultdecisionofhislifetime.Hewalkedtothechickencoop(鸡笼子)，wherehedidhis16.Takingashovelinhisworkwornhands，grandpa17ajarthatheldallthefamilyssavings.Heofferedthejaranditsprecious18toDad，saying，“Hereboy，gomakesomethi
23、ngofyourself.”Realizingthathisfamilywas19alltheirsavingsbyinvestinginhiseducation，Dadbecameastewardofthosefunds.He20hisbachelorsdegreeandthenwentontotheUniversityofOklahoma，wherehegraduatedsecondinhis21schoolclassin1936.Jobswerehardto22whenDadgraduated，soheopenedhisownpracticeandlivedinahomewithadir
24、tfloor.Heworkedlonghours，butIrememberhim23thegreatbookshediscoveredinthecourseofhiseducationwithme.Ourfamilywaschangedbythelongwalkgrandpatooktothechickencoop.Educationis24aninvestmentinourfamily.Itisatreasure.I25myfathertocollegeandlawschool，andallofmychildrenhavealso26highereducation.Wehavebeentra
25、nsformedbyasacrificemadetwo27agobyaloving，ifnotfullyconvinced，grandfatherandapersistentgrandmotherandthathasmadeallthe28.9A.beautifulBcuriousCcapableDdevoted10A.soBhoweverCotherwiseDthus11A.toughBgreatCpeacefulDcompetitive12A.permitBtakeCaskDforce13A.painsBtroublesCburdensDactivities14A.refusedBbegg
26、edCorderedDrequired15A.graduationBworkCreflectionDpermission16A.cookingBcleaningCfarmingDbanking17A.pickedupBdugupCbrokeupDcutup18A.booksBcontentsCbillsDcoins19A.sacrificingBstoringCtreasuringDwasting20A.failedBreceivedCofferedDneeded21A.mathsBeducationCeconomicsDlaw22A.comeoffBcomeaboutCcomebyDcome
27、on23A.makingBwritingCprotectingDsharing24A.morethanBratherthanCotherthanDlessthan25A.joinedBfollowedCadvisedDaccompanied26A.soughtBinsistedCfavoredDconsidered27A.yearsBcenturiesCdecadesDgenerations28A.senseBdifferenceCuseDeffect答案解析话题词汇梳理与对应训练.1.isaimed/aims2.applied3.assessment4.themselves5.feeding
28、6.occupied7.prepared8.to9.(should) finish10.in11.to do12.Based13.are spent14.to be repaired/repairing15.to.1.Aimedatateenageaudience，theprogramispopularwiththem.2Applyingyourselftothejobinhand，youllsoonfinishit.Appliedtothejobinhand，youllsoonfinishit.3WhenIcamein，studentswereoccupied/busywiththeirho
29、mework.WhenIcamein，studentswereoccupied/busydoingtheirhomework.WhenIcamein，studentsoccupiedthemselveswiththeirhomework.WhenIcamein，studentsoccupiedthemselvesindoingtheirhomework.4SheurgedthatI (should) apologizetohim.5ImanEnglishmajoratuniversity.MymajorisEnglishatuniversity.ImajorinEnglishatunivers
30、ity.话题语篇训练(一)语篇解读本文主要介绍了一款比flashcards更方便，功能也更多的积累词汇的软件SuperMemo。1C细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“When you look at a card，you give some feedback to the software on whether you got it right and how easy you found it.”可知，是否会显示下一张卡片，取决于学习者给软件的反馈。所以选C。2B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I dont recommend drilling for hours at a time with f
31、lashcards.”可知B项正确。3A写作意图题。作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一种积累词汇的软件。所以选A。(二)4.G5.D6.F7.E8.B(三)语篇解读本文主要讲述作者的祖父母拿出自己所有的积蓄来让作者的父亲接受教育，从而改变了几代人人生的故事。9Dbeautiful美丽的；curious好奇的；capable能干的；devoted忠诚的，挚爱的，全心全意的。从下文对祖母的描述可知，祖母是一个全心全意为儿子奉献的母亲。故选D。10Bso所以；however 然而；otherwise否则；thus因此。根据上下文可知祖母的观点和祖父的观点截然不同，用however表示转折。故选B。11At
32、ough艰苦的；great伟大的；peaceful和平的；competitive竞争的。祖母相信即使在经济困难的时期，教育也可以打开一扇门。故选A。12Apermit允许；take拿；ask问；force强迫。祖母说服了祖父允许父亲完成高中的学业。permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事，符合语境。第二段最后一句中的“permit”也是提示。故选A。13Cpain痛苦；trouble麻烦；burden负担；activity行为。父亲将在农场里工作来减轻祖父所承受的经济和身体上的重担。故选C。14Brefuse拒绝；beg恳求；order命令；require需要。祖母再次恳求祖父允
33、许作者的父亲继续上大学。beg sb. to do sth.恳求某人做某事，符合语境。故选B。15Cgraduation毕业；work工作；reflection沉思，审慎的思考；permission允许。经过审慎的思考，祖父作出了一生中最艰难的决定。故选C。16D祖父走到鸡笼子旁，那里放着他存的钱。根据下文的“savings”可知此处应用banking，do ones banking存钱，符合语境。故选D。17Bpick up拿起；dig up挖掘出；break up破碎，解散；cut up切碎。此处指祖父手拿着铁铲挖出了一个坛子，里面放着家里所有的积蓄。故选B。18B祖父把这个坛子连同里面的
34、宝贵的东西(即钱)给了作者的父亲。content所容纳的物品，所含之物，符合语境。而bills与coins太片面。故选B。19A父亲意识到他的家庭拿出了所有的积蓄投资到他的教育上。sacrifice牺牲，献出，符合语境。故选A。20B从下文中的“went on to”可知父亲拿到了学士学位并继续学习。receive拿到，符合语境。故选B。21D从最后一段中的“law school”可知父亲在1936年毕业于法律专业，故选D。22Ccome off举行；come about发生；come by设法得到(或获得)；come on登台，出场。父亲毕业的时候工作很难找，故选C。23D虽然父亲工作繁忙，
35、但他仍与作者分享他在接受教育的过程中发现的经典的书。share分享，符合语境。故选D。24Amore than多于；rather than而不是；other than除了，不同于；less than少于。教育在作者的家中不仅仅是一笔投资更是一笔宝贵的财富。故选A。25B作者像父亲一样上了大学也学了法律。follow遵循，跟随，符合语境。故选B。26A作者所有的孩子也都追求更高的教育。seek追求，寻求，符合语境。故选A。27D两代人之前，祖父母作出的牺牲改变了大家。generation一代，一辈，符合语境。故选D。28B这种牺牲让所有的一切变得大不相同。make all the difference使大不相同，起了关键作用，符合语境。故选B。