1、Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern hero教 材 面 面 观单词拓展1._n质量；品质；性质2_n法则；原则；原理3_n律师_n法律4_n指导；领导_vt.5_n舞台；阶段；时期6_n暴力；暴行_adj.7_n恐怖；可怕的人_n恐怖主义_n恐怖分子_vt.使恐惧；使惊吓_adj.恐惧；很害怕8_n残忍；残酷_adj.9_vt.献身；专心于_adj.忠实的；深爱的10_vt.进攻；攻击；抨击11_vt.教育；训练_adj.受过教育的；有教养的_n教育_n教育者12_vt. & n酬劳；报酬13_adj.慷慨的；大方的_n慷慨；大方14_adj.法律的；依照法律的_opp.
2、非法的15_adj.相等的；平等的_opp.不平等_n平等_adv.平等地；同样地短语回顾1._work失业2as a_of fact 事实上3come to_ 当权；上台4turn_ 求助于；致力于5be sentenced_ 被判处(徒刑)6die_sth. 为而死7_about 担心8believe_ 信仰，信任9blow_ 使充气；爆炸10_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中11lose_ 丧失勇气或信心12set_ 设立；建立13work_ 从事工作14fight_ 反对而斗争15put._prison 把投入监狱句型背诵1._ _ _we decide to ans
3、wer violence with violence.只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。2He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when _ _ _ _ _.他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。3That made me _ _ _ _.这让我觉得自己还不错。4I felt bad_ _ _I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。自我诊断单词拓展1quality2.principle3.lawyer，law4.guidance，guide5.stage6.v
4、iolence，violent7.terror，terrorism，terrorist，terrify，terrified8.cruelty，cruel9.devote，devoted10attack11.educate，educated，education，educator12reward13.generous，generosity14.legal，illegal15equal，unequal，equality，equally短语回顾1out of2.matter3.power4.to5.to6.for7.worry8in9.up10.in11.heart12.up13.as14.again
5、st15in句型背诵1only then did2.we should have been asleep3.feel good about myself4.the first time考 点 串 串 讲重点单词1.quality n质量，品质，性质The most vital quality a soldier can possess is selfconfidence.一名士兵所必须具备的素质就是自信。One quality of wood is that it can burn.木材的一个特性是可以燃烧。Mahogany has the quality of being durable.桃
6、花心木具有耐久的特性。用法拓展of good quality上等的，优质的of poor quality劣质的，劣等的average quality平均质量high/poor quality优/劣质即境活用翻译句子她的声音有柔和悦耳的特质。_这家公司关心质量胜过关心数量。_答案：Her voice has a rich melodic quality.This company is more concerned with quality than with quantity.2vote n&v.投票；表决；选票；投票纸；总票数I gave my vote to Mr. Wang.我投王先生的票
7、。He won the election because he got most votes.他选举获胜了，因为他得了大多数的选票。Vote for Johnsonthe peoples friend!请投约翰逊一票他是人民的支持者！用法拓展secret vote不记名投票vote of confidence信任票put sth. to the vote付诸表决vote on sth.投票表决某事vote for投票支持vote against投票反对即境活用翻译句子如果意见不统一的话，我们就得投票表决。_国会表决通过增加15%的对外援助。_答案：If we cant agree, we wi
8、ll have to vote on it.Congress voted to increase foreign aid by 15%.3willing adj.自愿的；愿意的用法拓展be willing to do愿意做be willing that.(should)愿意will n意愿 v决心要做against ones will违背某人的意愿do.with a will决心做某事at will随心所欲of ones own free will以自由意愿；自动的willingly adv.乐意地How much are they willing to pay?他们要付多少钱？I told
9、them I was perfectly willing to help.我告诉他们，我非常愿意帮忙。易混辨析willing, will与wishwilling是形容词，常作表语或定语，表示“自愿的；乐意的”。will作为助动词，常作“会，愿”讲；作为名词，意为“意志，决心、愿望或遗嘱”等，侧重表示某人做某事的决心。wish可作动词或名词，意为“希望，愿望，祝愿”，表示某人希望某事的发生或寄托了某人做某事的希望、愿望或表达祝愿。Im willing to look after the baby.我自愿来照看这个小孩。Where there is a will, there is a way.有
10、志者事竟成。She wished herself a million miles away.她恨不得自己远在百万英里之外。You may stay until morning, if you will.如果你愿意，你可以一直待到早晨。即境活用单项填空Their supporters believe in them so deeply that they are _ to go to war in support of them.Awilling BafraidCanxious DcuriousThe secretary finally decided to disturb the presid
11、ent, though _.Ahopelessly BcarefullyCunexpected Dunwillingly答案：AD4fee n费(会费，学费等)，酬金易混辨析fee与farefee指付给专业人员的报酬，如“专业服务费、咨询费”等，也可指“入场费，入会费，学费”等，legal fee诉讼费；membership fee会费；feepaying school收费学校。fare指“车船费，票价”，train(rail)fares火车票价。即境活用完成句子儿童交通费减半。Children travel at half _.在这家银行开立账户要收费吗？Does the bank char
12、ge a _ for opening an account?这个美术馆不收门票。There is no entrance _ to the gallery.答案：farefeefee5escape vt.&vi.&n.逃脱；逃避；被忘掉Her name escapes me.我忘了她的名字。The books significance escaped him.他不懂那本书的重要意义。Television is my escape from worry.电视是我逃避现实的方法。用法拓展(1)escape用作不及物动词。例如：A prisoner by the name of Tom escape
13、d from prison last night.一个叫汤姆的囚犯昨晚越狱逃跑了。(2)escape用作及物动词，意为“逃避，逃脱”。注意：此时其后要跟名词或ing形式。例如：There is no way to escape doing the work.无法避免做这件事。You are lucky to have escaped punishmentbeing punished.你很幸运逃避了惩罚。(3)escape用作名词。例如：He had a narrow escape from death.他在千钧一发之际免于一死。(4)相关短语：a narrow escape九死一生escape
14、 danger脱险escape ones memory被某人遗忘escape ones lips脱口而出即境活用翻译句子他九死一生。_他逃离了火海到达了安全地带。_十个罪犯越狱而逃。_答案：He narrowly escaped death./He had a narrow escape.He escaped from the fire to a safe place.Ten prisoners had escaped.6reward n报酬；资金 vt.酬劳；奖赏She deserves a reward for her efforts.她积极努力，应得到奖赏。They rewarded t
15、he winners with gifts of flowers.他们奖给优胜者鲜花。易混辨析reward与awardreward用作名词时，意为“奖励；报酬；悬赏金”；用作动词时，意为“奖励；奖赏；给以报酬”。award用作名词时，意为“奖品；奖金；奖状”；用作动词时，意为“授予；判给；颁发”。He got a reward for helping them.他因帮助他们而拿到一笔酬金。They promised to reward her if she would take part.他们许诺说她要是参加就一定给她报酬。The award for this years best actre
16、ss went to Meryl Streep.本年度最佳女演员的得奖者是梅里尔斯特里普。She has been awarded a scholarship to study at Harvard.她获得了去哈佛大学读书的奖学金。即境活用单项填空The young woman was given 200 yuan in_for her returning a wallet containing 50,000 yuan and an identification card to its owner.AturnBrewardCaward Dprize答案：B7devote vt.(与to连用)献
17、身；专心于用法拓展devote oneself to献身于；专心于devoted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的devotedly adv.挚爱地；忠诚地devotee n仰慕者；敬仰者；爱好者devotion n深爱；挚爱；忠诚；奉献；献身特别提醒“devote oneself to”中的to为介词，后面常接名词或动名词(短语)作宾语。易混辨析devote，dedicate与consecrate三者都含“贡献，献身”的意思。devote指“决心将全部身心、活动、精力等献出”。如：devote ones life to a cause 把生命献给事业dedicate 系正式用语，指“庄重地奉献给神”或
18、“为神圣目的而贡献”。如：They dedicated the temple.他们献出庙宇。consecrate 系正式用语，指“通过宗教仪式确定将某物用于神圣用途”。如：The new church was consecrated by the Bishop.新教堂的奉献仪式由主教主持。即境活用单项填空All her life was devoted to_in the middle school.Ateach BteachingCbe taught Dbe teachingWe all admire her devotion_the dancing.Afor BwithCabout Dto
19、答案：B“devote.to”中的to为介词，后面接动词时，动词应用ing形式，故B项正确。D句意为：我们都很钦佩她对舞蹈行业的热爱。devotion常与to搭配，表示“对的热爱”。8equal adj.相等的；平等的 vt.等于；与一样好 n相等的人和物用法拓展A equals B. A等于B。A is equal to B. A等于B。be equal ton./doing sth.胜任某事/做某事equality n平等；相等equally adv.相等地特别提醒注意以下介词的搭配；be similar to同相似be familiar to sb.为某人所熟知be familiar w
20、ith sth.熟悉某物be polite to对很有礼貌be friendly to对友好易混辨析equal与sameequal可作形容词、名词和动词；same可作形容词和代词。equal作名词时可与an连用；same前一律用the。The blacks demand equal rights(an equal pay)The blacks demand the same rights(the same pay)黑人要求平等的权利(相同的工资)。即境活用单项填空Fitness is important in work，but of at least_importance are skills
21、.Afair BreasonableCequal Dproper答案：C句意为：在工作中，健康是重要的，但至少技能同等重要。fair“公平的”；reasonable“合理的”；equal“平等的”；proper“恰当的”。故选C。重点短语1.as a matter of fact事实上Its a nice place. We have stayed there ourselves, as a matter of fact.那个地方不错，其实我们自己在那里待过。用法拓展in matter of与有关in the matter of至于；关于，在方面it is no matter that.是无关
22、紧要的in fact/in actual fact事实上；实际上The fact (of the matter)is that.事实上；事情的真相是It is a fact that.是客观事实in practice实际上in reality事实上Officially he is in charge, but in actual fact his secretary does all the work.名义上他在负责，但实际上所有的工作都是他秘书做的。A new car would be wonderful but the fact of the matter is that we cant
23、afford one.买新车好是好，但实际情况是我们买不起。即境活用单项填空He said he was sick. _， he was perfectly all right.AIn a factBAs a matter of factCAs matter of a fact DIn point of a fact答案：B2come to/into power当权；上台The government came into power at the last election.这一届政府是经最近大选后上台执政的。用法拓展in power当权；在朝political power政权fall from
24、 power下野；下台in ones power为某人力所能及put into power使执政，使上台in/out of office执政/在野Which party is in power?现在哪个党执政？Ive got him in my power. I can make him do anything I want.现在他受我支配，我可以随心所欲地指挥他为我做事。特别提醒come to/into power为非延续性动词，不可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，而(be)in power则表示状态，可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。即境活用单项填空He _ for ten years but
25、 still doesnt want to leave office.Ahas been in powerBhas come to powerChas taken officeDcame into power答案：A3out of work失业(有时也用out of a job)用法拓展(1)与work有关的短语：in work 有工作at work 在工作off work 在休班go to work 去上班after work 下班后before work 上班前(2)与out of有关的短语：out of order 混乱，有毛病out of control 失去控制out of sigh
26、t(view) 看不见out of date 过时out of patience 失去耐心out of temper 发脾气out of mind 心不在焉out of breath 气喘吁吁out of reach 够不着out of danger 脱离危险out of question 没问题out of the question 不可能He must face the reality of being out of work.他必须正视失业这一现实。A passport that is out of date is invalid.过期护照是无效的。It is out of questi
27、on that I will write to you.我一定会给你写信的。I ran to the theater all along and was out of breath.我一路跑到剧院，上气不接下气。即境活用单项填空I wonder if I could use your telephone._ASorry, its out of work.BSorry, its out of order.CIts out of control.DDont you see Im using it?答案：B4blow up意为“使充气；爆炸；发火；动怒”Can you lend me a pump
28、to blow up my bicycle tyres?你能借给我个打气筒给车胎打打气吗？The terrorists are threatening to blow up the hijacked airliner.恐怖分子扬言要炸毁劫持的客机。A police officer was killed when his car blew up.一名警官在其汽车爆炸时遇难。Im sorry I blew up at you.对不起，我对你发脾气了。用法拓展blow的相关短语：blow out被(风等)吹灭；熄灭。既可作及物动词短语也可作不及物动词短语。blow down(风)刮倒；吹倒blow
29、over刮过去了；平静下来(未造成严重影响)Somebody opened the door and the candle blew out.有人打开了门，蜡烛就被吹灭了。John was building a small house, but it was blown down in the storm.约翰正在建造一幢小房子，但是在暴风雨中房子被吹倒了。The storm will blow over right away.暴风雨很快就会平息。The incident will blow over in course of time.这件事过一段时间就会被忘掉的。即境活用单项填空The t
30、rees _ in the storm have been moved off the road.Abeing blown downBblown downCblowing down Dto blow downA lab building _ last night and the cause is being looked into now.Ablew over Bwas blown upCwas blown out Dblow out答案：BB5lose heart丧失勇气Dont lose heart and youll succeed in time.不要灰心，你迟早会成功的。Never
31、lose heart，whatever you do.不管做什么，什么时候都不要灰心。用法拓展put ones heart into sth.尽力做break ones heart伤透了心heart and soul全心全意地易混辨析lose heart与lose ones heart to sth./sb.lose heart意为“灰心，丧失勇气或信心”。lose ones heart to sth./sb.意为“爱上某事物或某人”。例如：Dont lose heart，try again.别灰心，再试一次。He lost his heart to the girl the moment h
32、e saw her.他一见到她就爱上她了。即境活用翻译句子尽管他失败了好几次了，他并没有失去信心。_玛丽爱上了那位英俊的年轻人。_答案：He didnt lose heart though he failed several times.Mary lost heart to that handsome young man.6in trouble处于不幸中；处于监禁中She is in great trouble，so she needs your help.她遭到了很大的困难，所以她需要你的帮助。He was in trouble with the customs.他在海关那里有了麻烦。Thi
33、s kind old lady is always ready to help those persons who are in trouble.这位善良的老太太总是乐于帮助那些身处逆境的人。用法拓展“be in名词”相当于一个副词。be in anger生气be in surprise吃惊be in silence默默地be in a hurry匆匆忙忙地She looked at the stranger in surprise who called her name immediately he saw her.她吃惊地看着这个一见她就叫出她名字的陌生人。She never loses
34、heart even she is in trouble.即使身处逆境，她也从不灰心。即境活用翻译句子这只小猫正静静地躺在角落里。_他又惹麻烦了。这次他打坏了一个窗子。_答案：The little cat is lying in the corner in silence.He is in trouble again.This time he has broken a window.7turn to意为“转向；求助于；致力于”Follow the main road until it branches，and then turn to the right.顺着这条大路走，在路的分岔口向右拐。I
35、 tried to stand on my own two feet rather than turn to my parents.我设法自立而不求助于我的父母。用法拓展turn的相关短语：turn down拒绝；把调低；关小turn in交还；提交turn off关掉；不再听；不再想turn on接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开turn out原来是；结果是；制造；生产turn over翻身；翻转，认真思考turn up出现；被找到；开大；调高(音量、热量等)in turn依次；轮流；转而take turns(at sth./to do sth.)轮流做某事He asked her to ma
36、rry him but she turned him down.他请求她嫁给他，但是她回绝了。You must turn in your pass when you leave the building.你离开大楼时必须交还通行证。I couldnt understand the lecture so I just turned off.我听不懂讲课，所以也就不听了。It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.她原来是我姐姐的朋友。She kept turning over the events of the day in her mind
37、.她脑子里不断地琢磨当天发生的事。Increased production will，in turn，lead to increased profits.增加生产会转而增加利润。 即境活用单项填空There is no one else_for help，is there?Awho to turn to Bshe can turn toCfor whom to turn Dfor her to turn答案：B8set up意为“设立；建立”A fund will be set up for the dead mens families.抚恤死难工人家属的基金会即将建立起来。How long
38、will it take to set up the projector?把这个放映机安放好需要多长时间？His father set him up as a bookseller.他父亲资助他做了书商。A week in the country will set her up nicely after her operation.手术后在郊外住上一个星期一定能使她康复。用法拓展set的相关短语：set about开始为忙碌；着手工作(后跟名词或动名词作宾语)set aside保留；储蓄；忽视；不顾set down记下来；写下来set off出发；动身；引爆；启动set out出发；着手做(后
39、跟动词不定式作宾语)set forward促进；提出；把钟表拨快I dont know how to set about the job.这工作我不知如何入手。Ive set aside some money for the journey.我为那趟旅行存了一些钱。He accidentally set off the fire alarm.他不小心触动了火灾报警器。She set out to break the world record.她决心要打破世界纪录。Theyve set out on a journey round the world.他们开始了环球旅行。即境活用单项填空The
40、local government decided to_another school for the children in the village.Ase out Bset offCset up Dset aside答案：C9be sentenced to被判处(徒刑)用法拓展sentence sb. to death判处某人死刑sentence sb. to three months in prison判处某人3个月监禁a sentence of six months in prison判刑6个月get a life sentence被判无期徒刑serve a sentence服刑即境活用
41、单项填空The man has been_to death for his ideas.Akilled BsentencedCvoted Dallowed答案：B这个人因其思想而被判死刑。be sentenced to death意为“被判死刑”，是固定短语。重点句式1.It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.那是在1952年，曼德拉是一位我去征求建议的黑人律师。用法拓展advise表“劝告，忠告，警告，建议”。它的用法如下：(1)advise(ones not)doing sth.建议
42、(某人不)做某事。例如：I advise going to the new opened Science Museum.我建议去新开的科技馆。She advises my/me listening to English every morning.她建议我每天早上听英语。(2)advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事。例如：I advised my classmates to take an active part in social practice.我建议同学们积极参加社会实践。(3)advise that sb.(should)do sth.建议某人做某事。例如：Tom
43、advised that a doctor(should)be sent for at once.汤姆建议应立即去请医生。advice为advise的名词形式，它是不可数名词，常用的搭配有：a piece of advice一条建议two pieces of advice两条建议give sb. some advice on sth.给某人有关的建议ask sb.for some advice向某人求教follow/take sbs advice照某人的建议做特别提醒当advice或advise后面接从句时，从句中的谓语动词均为虚拟语气，其形式为：should动词原形，should可省。例如：
44、He advised that we(should)start at once.His advice is that we(should)start at once.他建议我们立即动身。易混辨析advise与suggest共性：advise和suggest都可表示“劝告，忠告，建议”。(1)advise/suggest(ones not)doing sth.建议(某人不)做某事(2)advise/suggest that sb.(should)do sth.建议某人做某事(3)当advice/suggestion或advise/suggest后面接从句时，从句中的谓语动词均为虚拟语气，其形式为
45、：should动词原形，should可省。不同点：(1)advise后可跟不定式，而suggest不可以。(2)suggest除了可表示“建议”外，还有“暗示，表明”之义。特别提醒在做“暗示，表明”此意时，其后不再跟虚拟语气。例如：His red face suggested that he was angry.他脸红表明他生气了。Her surprised expression suggested that she was surprised at the news.她惊讶的表情表明她对这个消息感到惊讶。(3)他们的名词形式不同，advice为advise的名词形式，是不可数名词；而sugg
46、estion为suggest的名词形式，是可数名词。例如：give sb. a piece of advicemake some suggestions即境活用翻译句子医生嘱咐我多加锻炼。_谢谢你给了我这么多好建议。_答案：The doctor advised me to take more exercise./The doctor advised that I(should)take more exercise.Thank you for your good suggestions/advice.2The school where I studied for only two years w
47、as three kilometres away.我仅仅在那里读了两年的学校有三公里远。用法拓展(1)where I studied for only two years是定语从句，修饰先行词school，它在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于in which。例如文章中其他几句：Until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权力都没有的阶段。The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by whit
48、e people.他们在城里不得不住的地方都是由白人决定的。The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.他们被打发去居住的地方是南非城外最贫穷的地区。(2).was three kilometres away中be.away有多远，既指距离，也可指时间。例如：The factory where he works is only two miles away.他工作的工厂只有两英里远。My birthday is two weeks away.离我
49、过生日还有两周。My birthday is in two weeks time.My birthday is in two weeks.即境活用翻译句子那家商店离此地只有几分钟的路程。_几乎人人都想看看自己出生的地方。(用where引导的定语从句)_答案：That shop is only a few minutes walk away.Almost everyone wants to visit the place where they were born.3I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the sch
50、ool fees and the bus fare.我不得不辍学，因为我的家庭无法继续支付学费和交通费。用法拓展(1)continue意为“继续”，用法很广泛：既可说continue to do，也可说continue doing；可用continue with sth.，也可用continue sth.。例如：He continues to study English after his graduation.He continues studying English after his graduation.He continues with his English study after
51、 his graduation.He continues his English study after his graduation.他毕业后继续学英语。特别提醒“连载文章”常用词语如下：To be continued.未完待续。Continued from page 20.上接20页。Continued on page 20.下转20页。(2)continue用作系动词，后可接形容词或介词短语。例如：The weather continues fine.天气仍然很好。She still continues in weak health.她身体仍然很弱。易混辨析continue, last,
52、 endure与persist四者都含“继续、延续”的意思。continue指“持续而无终止”，通常强调“不间断”。如：continue ones work继续工作last指“持久、延续”。如：The rain will not last long.这雨不会持续很久。endure“指持久、持续”。如：Her fame will endure for ever.她将名垂千古。persist指“持续存在下去”。如：The snow is likely to persist in most areas.可能在大部分地区还有雪。即境活用完成句子午餐休息之后谈判继续进行。The negotiations
53、 _.警察局将继续他们的调查。The police will _.她连任了一届市长。She _ for a second term.战斗持续了几个小时直到夜幕降临。The battle _ until darkness came on.答案：continued after a break for lunchcontinue their investigationcontinued as mayorcontinued for several hours4We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful；when this was not all
54、owed.only then did we decided to answer violence with violence.首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律，而当这种方式也得不到允许时，只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。用法拓展only修饰时间副词then，置于句首，主句用倒装形式。Only in this way can we learn English well.只有以这种方法，我们才能学好英语。Only when he returned did we find out the truth.只有当他回来时，我们才能查明事实真相。温馨提示only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句
55、首时，主句要用部分倒装形式。即：只把谓语的一部分(多为助动词或情态动词)置于主句之前。Only in this way can you succeed.只有用这种方法你才能成功。即境活用单项填空Only in this way_get rid of the bad habitsmoking.Ayou can Bcan youCyou will Dmust you答案：B5He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习
56、。用法拓展should have done sth.是对过去发生情况的判断或评价，意为“本应该做某事而未做”，暗含责备语气。其否定形式是“shouldnt have done sth.”，意为“本不该做(而做了)”。He should have been more careful.他本该更加仔细些。I shouldnt have told her the news.我本不该把这个消息告诉她。用法拓展情态动词have done表示发生于过去的情况或对已经发生的事情的评价。类似用法还有：must have done想必已经；一定已经ought to have doneshould have don
57、e本应该oughtnt to have doneshouldnt have done本不应该neednt have done本不必做(实际上已经做了)may/might have done也许已经can/could have done可能已经；本能够做(实际上没有做)cant/couldnt have done不可能已经She didnt get there in time.She may have missed the bus.她没能及时到达那儿。她可能没赶上汽车。It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet this mornin
58、g.昨天晚上一定是下雨了，因为今天早晨地面是潮湿的。You ought not to have told them the truth.你本不应该告诉他们真相的。即境活用单项填空There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You _ come, but why didnt you?Amust have BshouldCneed have Dought to have答案：D6So I lost my job. I did not work again for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came
59、 to power in 1994.因此我失业了，在曼德拉和非国大于1994年掌权之前，我有20年没有工作。用法拓展(1)lose ones job意为“失业”，相当于“be out of work”。例如：It was two years ago that he lost his job.两年前他下岗了。其他的短语：lose memory丧失记忆lose ones eyesight失明lose ones way/oneself迷路lose an opportunity错过机会lose no time刻不容缓lose balance失去平衡(2)not.until.固定搭配，意为“直到才”。例
60、如：I wont go until he comes back.我要一直等他回来。He didnt know the matter until his friends told him about it.直到朋友告诉他，他才知道这事。特别提醒not.until中搭配的动词应为非延续性动词。例如：I wont leave until he comes back.他不回来我不走。not.until.的强调句为：not until被强调的部分that原句剩余部分。例如：It was not until yesterday that I realized that I made a mistake t
61、hat day.直到昨天我才意识到那天我犯了一个错误。not until放句首应引起主句倒装。例如：Not until yesterday did I realize that I made a mistake that day.(3)come to/into power意为“当权；上台”。例如：The present government came to/into power a year ago.本届政府是一年前开始执政的。When the Republicans came to/into power, they threw out the polices of the Democrati
62、c government.共和党上台后把民主党的政策都推翻了。即境活用翻译句子这种行为使他失去职业。_孩子一直等到妈妈回来才去睡觉。(用until的倒装句)_答案：Such behaviour lost him his job.Until his mother came back did the child go to bed.7I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。用法拓展句中的“the first time”相当于从属连词，引导时间状语从句，可译为“当第一次的时候”。类似的用法还有：一就the l
63、ast time最后一次的时候the next time下一次的时候每一次的时候by the time在时间之前特别提醒“for the first time”只能用作句子的状语，不可用来引导状语从句，它不具有连词的功能。“It is/was the first timethatclause”的用法是：当前面的be动词是is时，后面的句子用现在完成时；当前面是was时，后面的句子用过去完成时。“It is/was(high)time that sb. should do/did sth.”意为“到了做某事的时间了”，相当于“It is/was(high)time for sb. to do s
64、th.”。即境活用单项填空The_I saw him，I knew he was angry with me.Athing BwhileCway Dmoment_they visited the Science Museum，they showed great interest in everything they saw.AThe first time BFor the first timeCAt first DAt the first time答案：D考查连词。the moment表示“一就”，起连词作用，引导时间状语从句。A分析句子结构可知，空格处需填连词，引导时间状语从句，因此A项正确
65、。知 能 层 层 练一、单项填空1He is a man who lacks experience and determination, and I think he is not _ the job.Aable for Bequal toCequal for Dable to答案：B解析：题意：他是一个缺乏经验和意志薄弱的人，所以我认为他不能胜任这份工作。equal意为“胜任的”时，常与介词to连用。2Everybody present at the meeting agreed to stick to the _ that everyone should be treated fairly
66、.Apurpose BambitionCprinciple Dlevel答案：C解析：principle“原则”，stick to the principle“坚持原则”，符合题意。3She devoted herself entirely _ helping the children who suffered a lot from the earthquake.Ain BforCto Dwith答案：C解析：devote常与介词to连用，意为“献身于”。4She is always _ to help others at school and every other student want
67、s to play with her _.Awilling; willing Bready; willingCwilling; willingly Dready; ready答案：C解析：willing意为“愿意的”，be willing to do意为“愿意做”；willingly是副词，意为“乐意地”，修饰动词短语play with。5_ his experience, he has done a good job, so you should give him something as a(n) _.AConsidered; award BGiven; rewardCRegard; gi
68、ft DConsidering; price答案：B解析：given此处相当于considering，意为“考虑到；鉴于”；reward在此处是“奖赏”之意，常指赏金或酬金。6Though he killed a boy, he was _ to 20 years imprisonment instead of death because of his good attitude and active help in breaking the case.Asentenced BreportedCgiven Dattacked答案：A解析：be sentenced to imprisonment
69、意为“被判入狱”。7He says he has an uncle living in Taiwan.Nonsense! _， his father doesnt have brothers at all.AMore or less BAs a matter of factCIn addition DAt least答案：B解析：as a matter of fact相当于in fact，意为“事实上”。8The police _ roadblocks on routes out of the city to prevent the criminal from escaping.Aset up
70、 Bset backCset down Dset aside答案：A解析：set up“设立；建立”符合题意。set back“阻碍”；set down“写下；记下”；set aside“留出”。9_ was announced on January 29, the examination was continued at the beginning of the new term.AWhat BAsCWhich DThat答案：B解析：as引导的定语从句可放在主句之前，表示说话人对话语的态度、看法、解释或评论。10Every time he tries to break a record,
71、he reaches a point _ he feels he can not physically do any more.Awhy BwhichCas Dwhere答案：D解析：定语从句中缺少地点状语，关系词应用where引导，该题中where相当于in which。二、选用方框合适的短语并用其适当形式填空。1When Mrs Thatcher _ in 1979, no one expected her to stay there for 13 years.2Let me come in and helpyou are sick and _.3_， he did not care to
72、 talk about this business at all.4Although he ran up against many difficulties, he did not _.5When I am in difficulty, I always _ him for help.6These workers threatened to _ the factory if their demands were not met.7Governor Ryan pardoned for other prisoners who_ death.8We will answer fear with hop
73、e, answer hate with love, but not _.答案：1.came to power2.in trouble3.As a matter of fact4.lose heart5.turn to6.blow up7.were sentenced to8.answer violence with violence三、根据汉语意思及括号内的提示完成下列句子。(每空一词)1你对“孩子不打不成器”这句老话怎么看？(think/feel)_ _ _ _ _ the old saying：“Spare the rod, spoil the child”？2曾几何时，天气是一个安全的谈
74、论话题。(a time)_ _ _ _ _ talking about the weather was a safe topic of conversation.3在20世纪60年代这座城市见证了黑人和白人之间一连串的冲突。(see)_ _ _ _ _ _fierce fights between blacks and whites in the 1960s.4当我第一次看到迈克尔乔丹时，还不知道他是谁。(first time)_ _ _ I ever saw him, I _ _ _ _ Michael Jordan was.5只有农业发展了，工业才能有足够的原料和市场。(only)_ _ agriculture is fully developed _ _ _ sufficient materials and markets.答案：1.What do you think of/ How do you feel about2There was a time when3The city saw a series of4The first time; had no idea who5Only when; can industry have