1、Unit 2 Exploring English一、阅读理解A2024四川成都石室中学考试English is a global language， especially in areas such as science and technology. Mathematics is the language with which the universe is written. Using numbers and mathematical symbols， one can write words and sentences. When appropriate， several sentence
2、s together might form a mathematical story. Mathematics also has grammar the mathematical logic which determines whether statements are valid or not. A math teacher says， Math may be viewed as a language a simpler， more consistent and more regular language than English. Both English and math are gov
3、erned by rules of syntax and convey a complete thought. Numbers represent nouns， while operational signs （，-，） serve as verbs. Math facts， such as 236， may be thought of as math sentences. Math at the simple sentence fact level is a much easier language than English. Though math has an infinite numb
4、er of nouns， it has only five verbs （，-，） associated with four basic operations.Nina is an English teacher in an elementary school. She has no doubt about the logical connection between English and mathematics. She says， They are definitely languages. In both languages there are patterns and rules.
5、They are both taught through visualizations and illustrations. Teaching vocabulary is like teaching fractions. You need to illustrate in both languages and practice a lot.However， English and mathematics as languages are similar yet different. The language of mathematics， for example， is precise and
6、 less flexible it cannot afford ambiguity， while natural languages contain constructive ambiguity derived from their cultural and contextual wealth of meanings. Mathematics and English as a second language do not develop naturally as a child develops a natural language； they need to be learned. 本文是一
7、篇说明文。本文比较了英语和数学这两门语言的相似和不同之处，认为它们都有自己的语法和逻辑，但数学更精确、更规范，而英语更注重文化和语境。1.What can be inferred from the first paragraph？A. Math is the medium of communication. B. English grammar can also be used in math. C.BothEnglishandmathhavelogicbehindthem.D. English and math are both general languages. 解析C推理判断题。由第一
8、段中的Using numbers and mathematical symbols， one can write words and sentences. When appropriate， several sentences together might form a mathematical story. Mathematics also has grammar the mathematical logic which determines whether statements are valid or not可知，英语和数学都有语法和逻辑，故选C。2.Why can math be vi
9、ewed as a language？A. It has operational signs.B. It is simpler than English. C.Itcanconveyanentirethought.D. It has an infinite number of nouns. 解析C细节理解题。由第二段中的Both English and math are governed by rules of syntax and convey a complete thought可知，本题选C。3.What does the underlined word ambiguity probab
10、ly mean？A. Similarity. B.Unclarity.C. Certainty. D. Evidence. 解析B词义猜测题。由画线词所在句可知，ambiguity与precise and less flexible在意义上对立，故B项切题。4.What is the authors purpose in writing the text？A.TocomparemathandEnglishaslanguages.B. To explain the logic behind English and math. C. To argue for the differences bet
11、ween math and English. D. To promote the development of science and technology. 解析A推理判断题。结合全文内容，特别是第一段中的Using numbers and mathematical symbols， one can write words and sentences. When appropriate， several sentences together might form a mathematical story. Mathematics also has grammar the mathematic
12、al logic which determines whether statements are valid or not可知，本文比较了英语和数学这两门语言的相似和不同之处，故选A。B2024河南部分名校模拟Which country does English belong to？ The answer seems obvious： Britain. But there are about 180 million or 40 of people in the European Union speaking English much more than the combined populat
13、ion of those core English-speaking countries， such as Britain， Canada and Australia. To make things more complex， the number of English-speakers born outside the traditional English-speaking countries grows every day and English is becoming not just a useful second language， but a native one there.
14、Already it is easy to find children in northern Europe who speak as though they come from America because they have been watching Hollywood films and TV programs. Today， many learners still aim for an American or British standard. Textbooks instruct India English-speakers to avoid Indianisms such as
15、 What is your good name？ for What is your first name？， or I am working here for years instead of I have been working here for years. A guide to avoiding Europeanisms has long existed in European Union institutions to keep German-speakers from using actual to mean current， as it does in their languag
16、e. Given enough time， new generations of foreign language speakers contribute not just words but their own grammar to the language they learn.I am working here for years is a mistake today， but it is not hard to imagine it becoming standard in the future in India. If this disturbs you， remember that
17、 this text is written in a language that was a mixture of French， Latin and others until it became an unrecognizably different tongue. No language has ever reached more speakers than English. It is hard to predict how they will change it， but it is easy to rule out the possibility that they will not
18、 change it at all. But you can take comfort in the fact that such changes usually happen too slowly to affect comprehension in a single lifetime. 学习和使用英语的非母语者越来越多，他们对英语的改变也越来越大。1.What phenomenon is described in the first two paragraphs？A. The influence of English-speaking countries. B.Thewidespreadu
19、seofEnglishoutsideBritain.C. The popularity of Hollywood films and TV programs. D. The increasing importance of the European Union. 解析B细节理解题。由第一段中的But there are about 180 million or 40 of people in the European Union speaking English 及第二段中的 To make things more complex， the number of English-speakers
20、 born outside the traditional English-speaking countries grows every day 可知，英语在英国外的使用越来越广泛，故选B项。2.What is the authors prediction about Indianisms？A. They will be officially replaced by standard English. B. They will be accepted as standards by other countries. C.Theywillbeconsideredgrammaticallycorr
21、ectinIndia.D. They will become a different language in the near future. 解析C细节理解题。由第四段中的but it is not hard to imagine it becoming standard in the future in India可知，本题选C项。3.What does the author most likely want to tell us in the last paragraph？A.ItisunavoidableforEnglishtochangeovertime.B. English has
22、 been influenced by different languages. C. English might be unrecognizable in one generation. D. It is important to keep English from foreign influences. 解析A推理判断题。由最后一段中的It is hard to predict how they will change it， but it is easy to rule out the possibility that they will not change it at all可推断，
23、作者认为，从长远看，英语的变化无可避免，故选A项。4.Which of the following may the author agree with？A.ChangesinEnglishdont reallyhardenourcommunication.B. English is spoken by the most people as a first language.C. There should be more strict standards for English teaching.D. Foreigners make more changes to English than na
24、tive speakers.解析A细节理解题。由最后一段中的But you can take comfort in the fact that such changes usually happen too slowly to affect comprehension in a single lifetime可知，作者认为，英语的变化没有快到影响交流的程度，也就是说，这些变化没有真的加大我们交流的难度，A项与此相符。二、七选五Youre probably familiar with the North American spelling of the word airplane. Howeve
25、r， if youve ever been on an international flight leaving the United States and going to another English-speaking country like the United Kingdom， youve probably noticed that there are a few differences between the American and British spellings of words with the same meaning. 1. The American English
26、 spelling is airplane while the British English spelling is aeroplane. So， why does this happen？Lets look at the root of the phenomenon. 2.British English has a general tendency to favour spellings and words that remind people of French， but American English， when it has deviated（背离） from what Briti
27、sh English does， often changes into the direction of seeming less French， says Lynne Murphy， author of TheProdigalTongue：TheLove-HateRelationshipBetweenAmericanandBritishEnglish.3.Aeroplane is no exception.Were comfortable with aero in scientific terms， but as planes became more common things to tal
28、k about， the aero seemed too fancy， explains Murphy.InScientificAmerican in 1906， there was already a claim：4. Ten years later，airplane was adopted by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics as their term. It was considered in the United Kingdom， but that suggestion didnt go anywhere.Theres
29、a good reason why words that mean the same thing are spelled differently， and why that will continue to happen.5， and people are generally proud of it， so they continue to spell differently， says Murphy.A. Every country has different cultureB. Your spelling tells people where youre fromC. The word a
30、irplane happens to be an exampleD. Airplane is a much better word than aeroplaneE. American English and British English have similar historical originsF. Theres a lot of history that goes beyond words and dives deep into politics， government， and scienceG. A lot of words in the English language are
31、borrowed from other languages， like Latin， Greek， and French本文是说明文，以美式英语中的airplane和英式英语中的aeroplane在拼写上的差异为例讲述了英美语言中拼写差异的形成原因。 1.C由空前的there are a few differences between the American and British spellings of words with the same meaning可知，英美语言中有一些词意思相同，但是拼写方式却不同。再结合空后的The American English spelling is
32、airplane while the British English spelling isaeroplane可知，空处内容与单词airplane有关。C项单词airplane正好就是一个例子与上下文衔接紧密，符合语境。2.G空格所在段主要讲的是airplane和aeroplane拼写方式不同的原因。结合空后的British English .often changes into the direction of seeming less French可知，空处内容应涉及英式英语与美式英语和其他语言之间的关系。G项英语中的很多单词是从其他语言引入的，比如拉丁语、希腊语和法语解释了英语和其他语言
33、之间的关系，符合语境。3.F由空后内容可知，空格所在段主要介绍了aeroplane与airplane在拼写上的差异和科学等的联系。F项能够概括段落的主要内容，符合语境。 4.D空前讲到随着飞机的普及，带有aero的拼写方式似乎太花哨；空后讲到十年后，airplane成为美国国家航空咨询委员会的术语。故空处应涉及airplane这种拼写方式在美国得到认可。D项airplane这个词比aeroplane要好得多与上下文衔接紧密，符合语境。 5.B由空前的Theres a good reason why words.continue to happen及空后的people are generally
34、 proud of it可知，空处应是在介绍表示同一含义的单词的英式拼写和美式拼写不同这种现象持续出现的原因。B项你的拼写告诉了人们你来自哪里符合语境。空后的it指代B项。三、完形填空In Brazil， we start to learn English at a young age. Our schools teach English. And there are many language centers for those who want to 1 their English. In the beginning， its a lot of 2， as were taught cute
35、 songs and simple vocabulary. Its a time to play， play， and play. As we get older， learning English gets a bit 3. Were asked to read long texts and 4 words. Sometimes， we also have to do listening 5. But thats all. Almost everybody learns English in Brazil， but only a few can 6 it very well.Moving t
36、o Canada made me realize I couldnt communicate 7. My school years in Brazil had helped me build up a very good base （基础） for trying to speak English like a 8 speaker. However， it was 9 good enough. I had to get better and better.Using words in context and surrounding myself with new words and their
37、sounds has been very10. I try to find words related （相关的） to things I like and use these words in conversations during my day. Its been great so far.Another nice11 is to watch movies I watched in the past. I watched a lot of movies with subtitles （字幕） in my mother language. Now when I watch a movie，
38、 I 12 have the subtitles on， but theyre in English. Whenever theres a word I dont know the meaning of， I 13 the movie and look up the word in my dictionary. But most of the time， what I really do is see the words and hear the 14 as the movie goes on.Im now still 15 my journey of English study. And a
39、ll little progress Ive achieved makes my day.本文为记叙文，主要讲述了作者的英语学习之旅。1.A. showB. explainC. recordD.improve解析D此处指的是那些想提高自己英语水平的人，故用improve。2.A.funB. troubleC. messD. information 解析A结合as were taught cute songs and simple vocabulary和Its a time to play， play， and play可知，此处应用fun（乐趣）。3.A. longerB. earlierC.
40、harderD. quieter解析C结合Were asked to read long texts and 4 words. Sometimes， we also have to do listening 5可知，随着年龄的增长，英语学习变得有点儿难了，故用harder。4.A. put offB.lookupC. take awayD. get on解析B此处说的是我们要读长文章和查单词，故用look up。5.A. conferencesB. mistakesC. conversationsD.exercises解析D此处说的是有时我们还得做听力练习，故用exercises。6.A.sp
41、eakB. sayC. cryD. tell 解析A此处说的是在巴西，几乎每个人都学英语，可只有少数人能说得很好。表示说一门语言要用speak。7.A. carefullyB. seriouslyC.effectivelyD. luckily解析C此处说的是移居加拿大让我意识到我不能有效地进行沟通交流，故用effectively。8.A.nativeB. honestC. proudD. popular解析A此处说的是在巴西上学的那些年帮助我为努力像一个本地人那样说英语打下了很好的基础，故用native。9.A. according toB.farfromC. because ofD. ins
42、tead of 解析B此处说的是可还远没有足够好，故用far from（远非）。10.A. strangeB. harmfulC. similarD.helpful解析D此处说的是在语境中使用词语以及让自己被新单词及其读音包围一直很有帮助，故用helpful（有帮助的）。11.A. testB.ideaC. victoryD. position解析B此处说的是另一个不错的主意是看我曾看过的电影，故用idea。12.A. evenB.stillC. hardlyD. just解析B此处说的是现在看电影的时候，我仍然需要字幕，但却是英文字幕，故用still。13.A.stopB. copyC. retellD. compare解析A此处说的是每当碰到不认识的单词时，我会暂停电影，并在词典中查这个单词，故用stop（停下）。14.A. secretB. differenceC.pronunciationD. research解析C此处说的是听单词的读音，故用pronunciation。15.A. dividingB. decidingC. communicatingD.enjoying解析D此处说的是而今我仍在享受我的英语学习之旅，故用enjoying。
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