1、Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast LandDuring my two years of study in China， I collected a bunch of wonderful memories and gained massively extensive knowledge about this great country. One of the pleasant memories was the visit to Zijin Mountain， which was literally challenging because of the long hours
2、 of journey before reaching the peak. Wearose early in the misty morning when the trees were still covered with frost， and the cold weather seemed to freeze my hands off. However， the sight of the awesome sceneries alongside the mountain road took my breath away. When we arrived at the top， the spec
3、tacular sunrise really astonished us. One of my friends， acting as our photographer， took a photo of us. All in all， I think the highlight of climbing mountains is what we experience all the wayrather than what we finally see at the peak. The experience is bound to leave a deep impression on me. 1ar
4、ise（arose，arisen）vi.起身；出现；由引起；起床1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义If any problem arises later， you must take her to the hospital without delay. 出现外研选必1Of course， the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems， when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.由引起When a guest pays a visit to you
5、r family， youd better arise from your chair immediately to show your warm welcome.起身人教选必4The next morning， the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise， passing through the Canadian Rockies. 起床2.His carelessness resulted in his failure in the final exam.His failure in the final exam ar
6、ose from/out of his carelessness.（用arise改写）点拨（1）arise（arose，arisen）表示产生，出现，引起时，主语多为抽象名词，如problem，quarrel，argument，question，happiness，crisis等；表示起立，起身时，同rise。（2）rise（rose，risen）意为升起；上升；起立，说明主语自身移向较高的位置，既可表示具体的动作，又可表示抽象的动作，如日、月等升起，烟、雾、水面等升高，人站立起来。如：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳从东方升起
7、，在西方落下。（3）raise（raised，raised）意为（使）直立，站立和举起，提起，抬起时，说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他人或事物的。如：She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.她抬起一根手指放在唇边，示意安静。arise from/out of（result from）由引起/产生arise from ones chair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来2breathn.呼吸的空气1.hold ones breathtake a deep breathtake ones breath away外研选必4Feel
8、ing dizzy， Zhang Yue took a deep breath as she struggled to finish her presentation， And that is why I need your help in turning my new and exciting business into a successful one.They boarded the train to Lake Louise， where the blue water took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.译林选必2I tu
9、rned up the volume and stood staring at the radio，holding my breathand waiting for the first notes of the song.2.他跑回家，上气不接下气，脸都红了。（读后续写之神态描写）He ran back home，out of breath/breathless and with his face red.hold ones breath 屏住呼吸take a deep breath 深吸一口气take ones breath away 令某人惊叹out of breath 喘不上气来，上气不
10、接下气breathe vt.&vi.呼吸breathless adj.气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的3freeze（froze，frozen）vi.&vt.结冰；（使）冻住1.The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing（freeze）wind and snow.2.外研必修1Once a week， we do a big shop and buy a lot of frozen（freeze） food.3.当他看到有个黑影朝他走来，他吓得僵住了。（读后续写之神态描写）When he saw a dark figure
11、 approaching him，he froze in horror/he was frozen in horror.freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的freezing cold极冷的；冻僵的frozen adj.冷冻的；结冰的be frozen to death被冻死freeze/be frozen with/in sth.惊呆；吓呆4astonishvt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊（amaze，surprise）1.外研选必1Again， the man whispered in the tigers ear. The tiger looked shocked and hurried aw
12、ay. What did you say to my animals？ said the emperor，astonished（astonish）.点拨结合语境可知，空处所填词修饰the emperor，应用形容词作状语。2.北师选必4When he looks at the menu， an astonished（astonish） look quickly appears on his face.点拨astonishing为形容词，意为令人惊讶的；astonished为形容词，意为感到惊讶的。一般情况下，astonishing用来修饰物，astonished用来修饰人。当用于修饰look，
13、smile，voice，expression等情绪类名词时，应用astonished。3.外研选必4It is absolutely astonishing（astonish） to see a superhighway world map made entirely of wires and cables.4.你拒绝了出国留学的机会，这使我非常吃惊，因而写信询问原因。（建议信）You turned down the opportunity to study abroad，which astonished me greatly， so Im writing to ask the reason.
14、（astonish，定语从句）It greatly astonished me that you turned down the opportunity to study abroad， so Im writing to ask the reason.（astonish，it作形式主语）To my great astonishment， you turned down the opportunity to study abroad， so Im writing to ask the reason.（astonishment）Im greatly astonished to learn that
15、 you turned down the opportunity to study abroad， so Im writing to ask the reason.（astonished）It astonishes sb. that.令某人惊讶的是astonished adj.感到惊讶的be astonished at/by sth.对感到惊讶be astonished to find/hear/learn/see sth.因发现/听说/得知/看到某事而惊讶astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的Its astonishing that.令人惊讶的是astonishment n.惊讶，惊
16、奇in astonishment 惊讶地to ones astonishment令某人惊讶的是5owevt.欠（账、债、情等）1.The company went bankrupt and owed money to more than 60 banks.2.我没能和你一起去商场，我该向你道歉。（道歉信）I owe you an apology/owe an apology to you for failing to go to the shopping mall with you.3.Thanks to your encouragement and guidance， I made dram
17、atic progress in my English writing. （感谢信）Owing to your encouragement and guidance， I made dramatic progress in my English writing.（owing to）I owe the dramatic progress in my English writing to your encouragement and guidance.（owe.to.）owe sb. sth.owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物owe.to.把归功于owe an apology to sb./
18、owe sb. an apology应向某人道歉owing to因为，由于（thanks to/because of/due to/as a result of/on account of）6ratherthan而不是1.外研必修2People are also discovering the fun of interacting with the celebrations，rather than simply watching（watch） as part of an audience.2.They said the young man， rather than the passengers
19、，was（be） responsible for the incident.3.从现在开始，我要更注意我的健康而不是体重。From now on， Ill pay more attention to my health rather than my weight.4.有些同学宁愿与其他人合住，也不愿跟父母住在家里。Some students would share a room with others rather than live at home/would rather share a room with others than live at home/prefer to share
20、a room with others rather than live at home with their parents.rather than连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语与rather than前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致。表示宁愿做也不愿做的句型：would do.rather than do./would rather do.than do./prefer to do.rather than do.7alltheway一路上；完全地1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义You can feel that the audience is with her all the way
21、.完全地She didnt speak a word to me all the way back home. 一路上2.on the wayin the wayin a wayin this way译林必修3Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed. In this way，we can better walk the path of life with the comfort，advice and help from our trusted friends.北师必修5While he w
22、as on the way to Antarctica， he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south， too.I recommend you to participate in some activities， but never let your social life get in the way of your study. （建议信）北师选必5Anne answered Helen by explaining that love was l
23、ike the sun and clouds in a way.in a way在某种程度上by the way顺便提一下in the way妨碍；挡道in this way用这种方法on the way to.在去的途中in no way一点也不，决不8too形容词/副词to do sth.1.外研必修1Nice to know we share the same name， said my new teacher.I had been too nervous to pay（pay） attention when he introduced himself！2.He isnt mature enough to know how to act and talk on such occasions.He is too young to know how to act and talk on such occasions. （too.to.）3.如果有幸能得到你的指导，那真是再好不过了。（求助信）It cant be too good if I can get your guidance.（cant be too）too.to.表示否定意义，意为太而不能。can never/cant be too.再也不为过
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