备考2022届高考英语高频话题阅读词组限时练04.docx

1、备考2022届高考英语高频话题阅读词组限时练04快速写出下列单词的意思1author n 2employ vt. employee n employer n employment n unemployed adj. 3editor n 4fire v 5journalist n 6librarian n 7specialist n 8staff n 9be expert in 10be appointed as 11task n 12designer n 13advertisement n 14apply v application n applicant n 15brand n 16full

2、-time adj. 17interview n& vt. interviewee n interviewer n 18manage v manager n management n 19resign from 20stand out 21monitor n vt. 22occupation n 23opportunity n 24possible adj. possibly adv. possibility n 25potential adv.n 26poster nC 27responsibility n responsible adj. 28lose ones job 29apply t

3、o.for. 30be fit/qualified/suitable for the job 31capable adj. 32overtime n 33overall adj. 34sign vt. 35stress n stressful adj. stressed adj. 36suitable adj. 37vacant adj. 38make great contributions to 39think highly/well of 40have potential to do 背一背1author n作者，作家2employ vt.雇用employee n受雇者；雇员employe

4、r n雇用者；雇主employment n雇用；职业；工作unemployed adj.失业的；被解雇的3editor n编辑；编者；校订者4fire v解雇5journalist n记者6librarian n图书管理员7specialist n(医学)专家；专科医生；专家；专业人员8staff n全体职工；行政人员9be expert in 方面的专家10be appointed as被任命为11task n任务12designer n设计师13advertisement n广告14apply v申请application n申请applicant n申请人15brand n品牌；牌子16

5、full-time adj.全职的17interview n& vt.采访；会见；面试interviewee n被采访者interviewer n采访者18manage v管理；设法完成manager n经理；管理人management n经营；管理19resign from从辞职20stand out脱颖而出21monitor n班长 (生义)vt.监测22occupation n职业23opportunity n机会24possible adj.可能的possibly adv.可能地，也许possibility n可能；可能性25potential adv.可能的，潜在的 n可能性；潜在性

6、；潜能26poster nC海报；招贴画27responsibility n责任；职责responsible adj.负责的28lose ones job失业29apply to.for.向申请30be fit/qualified/suitable for the job适合这项工作31capable adj.有能力的32overtime n加班33overall adj.全面的；全部的34sign vt.签字；签署 n符号35stress n压力，紧张stressful adj.压力重的stressed adj.焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的36suitable adj.合适的37vacant ad

7、j.空缺的；未被占用的38make great contributions to对做出突出贡献39think highly/well of对高度评价40have potential to do有潜力做阅读理解三篇Passage 1(2020全国卷)Some parents will buy any hightech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with mathrelated skills.Psychologist Susan Levine, an

8、expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition (认知) after controlling for differences in parents income,

9、education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 childparent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.“The childre

10、n who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate (旋转) and translate shapes，” Levine said in a statement.The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with

11、puzzles at one time. Higherincome parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language an

12、d were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章是关于孩子们玩智力拼图玩具的研究，包括研究考虑的因素、研究过程和结果。1In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?ABuilding confidence.BDeveloping spatial skills.CLearning selfcontrol.

13、DGaining hightech knowledge.答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“. found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills (在2岁到4岁之间玩智力拼图玩具的儿童在空间能力方面更好)”可知，孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的空间技能。故选B。2What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment?AParents age.BChildrens im

14、agination.CParents education.DChildparent relationship.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，在设计这个试验时考虑了父母的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。故选C。3How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play?AThey play with puzzles more often.BThey tend to talk less during the game.CThey prefer to use more spatial language.DThey are likely to play w

15、ith tougher puzzles.答案：D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls”可知，男孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的智力拼图玩具，即他们可能会玩难度更大的拼图玩具。故选D。4What is the text mainly about?AA mathematical method. BA scientific study.CA woman psychologist. DA teaching program.答案：B主旨大意题。本文是一项科学研究，主要说明孩子们玩智

16、力拼图玩具有利于他们发展与数学相关的技能。故选B。Passage 2(2019全国卷)As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric (生物测量) technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private espaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia

17、Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device (装置) that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things

18、like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer its connected toregardless of whether someone gets the password righ

19、t.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from

20、 the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plasticlike parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the n

21、ear future.篇章导读：本文是一篇科研报道。来自佐治亚理工学院的研究人员发明了一种智能键盘，可以通过分析用户的打字模式来判断该用户是不是安全访客。1Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?ATo reduce pressure on keys.BTo improve accuracy in typing.CTo replace the password system.DTo cut the cost of espace protection.答案：D推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句以及第二段第一句可推知，研究者研发这种智能键盘是

22、为了降低网络安全保护技术的成本。故选D。2What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?AComputers are much easier to operate.BFingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.CTyping patterns vary from person to person.DData security measures are guaranteed.答案：C推理判断题。题干问的是“是什么让智能键盘的发明成为可能”，也就是问这一发明的核心依据是什么。根据第二段中

23、的“These patterns are unique to each person.Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities .”可知，正是因为每个人的打字模式不同，这种智能键盘就可以通过分析用户的打字力度及节奏等来判断该用户是不是安全访客。故选C。3What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?AItll be environmentfriendly.BItll reach consumers soon.CItll be made of plastics.DItll h

24、elp speed up typing.答案：B细节理解题。根据题干“研究者对于智能键盘有什么期望”可直接定位到最后一段的最后一句话“该团队希望在不久的将来将智能键盘推向市场”。故选B。4Where is this text most likely from?AA diary. BA guidebook.CA novel. DA magazine.答案：D推理判断题。根据本文的话题“智能键盘”以及第二段第一句中的“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device .”，尤其是其中的关键词

25、“Researchers” “lowcost device”等来推断，这篇文章是一篇科研报道，最有可能出现在杂志上。故选D。Passage 3(2021河南省中原名校高三第三次质量考评) Career criminals begin their antisocial behavior during their toddler (学步的儿童) years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isnt challenged, scientists have discovered. While most children grow

26、 out of their bad behavior by adulthood, a study found those who had “callous unemotional (冷漠无情的) characteristics” could grow up to have problems with the law later in life. Behavior characteristics such as a lack of sympathy and lying in childhood could have an impact years on.Luke Hyde, assistant

27、professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, said, “These are signs for parents and doctors to watch out for, as they may signal more than just the terrible twos.” He said, “Parents both take care of their child and provide their childs genes so its been difficult to know if were seeing th

28、at parenting causes callous unemotional behaviors, or if it is just a sign of the genes being passed to the child.”The research also discovered that strict parenting is linked to the development of antisocial behavior. Scientists looked at 561 families in an adoption study that examined biological m

29、others antisocial behavior. The scientists found children of antisocial mothers were also more likely to exhibit the same behavior characteristics, despite having limited or no touch with them as they were adopted as babies.“The really exciting takehome message from this study is that small, daytoda

30、y positive interactions (互动) that parents have with their young children can make a huge difference in childrens development，” said Leslie Leve, a professor at the University of Oregon who coled the data collection.“Even when children have inherited (遗传) a very challenging set of behaviors, hearing

31、good job or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing serious problems coming from their inherited difficulties，” he added. The study, worked on by scientists from the University of Michigan, Penn State University and the University of Oregon has been published in the American Jo

32、urnal of Psychiatry. Researchers will follow the group of children through early adolescence to determine if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了儿童时期的反社会行为有可能发展为今后的犯罪。研究表明反社会的行为有可能会遗传，但是通过积极的教育可以减轻。1Whats the main idea of the passage?AKids social behav

33、iors are related to crime.BCriminals begin their crimes during adolescence.CAntisocial behaviors of kids could be on their way to a life of crime.DWarmhearted kids are more likely to be criminals in the future.答案：C主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Career criminals begin their antisocial behavior during their toddler (

34、学步的儿童) years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isnt challenged, scientists have discovered.”可知，这篇文章主要讲了儿童时期的反社会行为有可能发展为今后的犯罪。故选C。2What conclusion might the scientists draw from the study?AAntisocial behaviors might be inherited.BThe genes decide kids antisocial behaviors.CAntisoci

35、al behaviors have nothing to do with crimes.DAdopted babies surely have antisocial behaviors when they grow up.答案：A推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“The scientists found children of antisocial mothers were also more likely to exhibit the same behavior characteristics, despite having limited or no touch with them as t

36、hey were adopted as babies.”可推知，科学家从这个研究中可以得出这样的结论，反社会的行为有可能会遗传。故选A。3What can be inferred from the passage?AParenting is the main reason that causes kids antisocial behaviors.BWhat causes career criminals to begin their crimes is their parents characteristics.CLeslie Leve has a doubtful attitude to

37、adoptive mothers active interactions with kids.DInherited antisocial behaviors of kids can be lightened by positive parenting.答案：D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“daytoday positive interactions (互动) that parents have with their young children can make a huge difference in childrens development”以及第五段中的“hearing good job

38、 or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing serious problems coming from their inherited difficulties”可推知，孩子们遗传的反社会行为可以通过积极的教育减轻。故选D。4Why will researchers track kids process of growing?ATo make sure if kids behaviors will last.BTo make sure if praise will change kids.CTo determ

39、ine if kids behaviors will be inherited.DTo determine if parents comfort will protect kids.答案：A细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Researchers will follow the group of children through early adolescence to determine if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years.”可知，研究人员追踪孩子们的成长过程，是为了证实孩子们的行为是否会持续。故选A。