1、备考2023年高考时事新闻改编语法填空三篇Passage 1Women in science can change worldFrom climate change to the energy crisis to COVID-19, the answers to our most 1 （universe）challenges lie in science. Yet in seeking them, we still 2 （exclude）the brainpower of half the world: women and girls.Just 28 percent of engineerin
2、g graduates, one-third of scientific researchers worldwide and three percent of Nobel laureates 3 （be）women. At the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering, only seven percent of academics are women. Such imbalances not only risk replicating gender biases and inequalities in n
3、ew technologies, 4 also lead to expertise and talent shortages across science, technology, engineering and mathematics 5 （global） that society can ill afford. For a future that truly includes everyone, women and girls must be able 6 （participate） in science fully and equally.When they do, the reward
4、s are high. Take Tu Youyou, who 7 （ become）the first Chinese Nobel laureate in physiology or medicine in 2015, decades after discovering the malaria treatment, artimisinin.“Every scientist dreams of doing something that can help the world,” she said. When more women become scientists, more people ar
5、e able to do so.This is clear in China, 8 over half of all patent applicants are now women. Women are also building more 9 half the countrys internet companies, like Zhou Qunfei, a migrant worker who later founded touchscreen manufacturer, Lens Technology, becoming one of the 10 （wealthy）women in te
6、ch.Passage 2Yet despite making invaluable STEM contributions in China and beyond, women risk 1 （leave）behind in the fourth industrial revolution. An estimated 80 percent of high-paid jobs created in new green economy sectors, including clean energy, will be in STEM fields 2 (dominate) by men. This m
7、eans women and girls could 3 (overlook)and underrepresented in future technologies 4 they are supported in STEM today.With just eight years to realize the Sustainable Development Goals and a peaceful, prosperous future for all, that our planet can sustain, expanding our pool of innovators and expert
8、s, by including women fully, is 5 (urgent)than ever.Four steps are vital 6 (achieve)this.First, gender stereotypes and biases holding women and girls back in science must be changed. Microsoft reported that girls in Europe become interested in STEM around the age of 11, but lose interest by 15, 7 (s
9、uggest) social influences redirect them. Women are also underrepresented in STEM leadership, as well as less likely to be recruited, despite being qualified. Thirty-two percent of Chinese women scientists 8 (encounter)employers who only sought out men during their first job searches, according to Na
10、ture. To fix this, gender quotas should be applied at all levels 9 (safeguard) against discriminatory hiring practices. Gender equality education should also be strengthened, from classrooms to corporations, while a 10 (support) environment for women and girls must be created within families and by
11、employers, to encourage more empowering norms.Passage3Second, removing structural inequalities in scientific fields is 1 (essence). Female researchers tend to 2 (award)less funding, have 3 (few) resources and opportunities, while leaving careers earlier than male colleagues. 4 (global), more than on
12、e-third of women left full-time STEM careers after their first child . This also happens in China but three-quarters of those 5 left said they would return, if sufficient childcare was available. So along with supporting women and girls entering STEM, an 6 (include) environment is needed to retain t
13、hem. Research institutions, employers, governments and all stakeholders must increase family-friendly policies and investments, including childcare 7 and services, paternity leave and flexible working arrangements.While structural changes take (take) time, special measures for women offer more immed
14、iate solutions. For example, given that raising children requires extended leave- a 8 (responsible) falling disproportionately on women allowing female researchers longer to secure funding can help. In 2011, the National Natural Science Foundation of China 9 (lift) its grant age limit for women from
15、 35 to 40, 10 (boost) the percentage of women winning grants from a major fund for young scientists from 33 to 43 percent in one year. Along with the Ministry of Science and Technology, NSFC also raised the number of female scientists on review panels and recommended female applicants be prioritized
16、, when all else was equal. Building on past efforts, in 2021, MoST, along with the All-China Womens Federation and 11 other departments, also launched Measures on Supporting Female Talents in Playing a more Prominent Role in Science and Technology, facilitating nationwide action.Passage4Third, unpai
17、d care and domestic work has forced women 1 (quit) or slow their careers. Among married women scientists 2 (survey)by Nature, 30 percent reported doing most housework, versus only six percent of men. The pandemic has 3 (deepen)this divide. Comparative data for 2019 and 2020 suggests women scientists
18、 as primary caregivers for children experienced a 17 percent research time decline. Female academics are posting fewer preprints and starting fewer projects 4 male peers. Instead of free riding on womens unpaid work, society should collectively assume the costs, by recasting public spending on care
19、as a 5 (society)investment. Care and domestic work deserves 6 (recognize). It must also be redistributed between men and women. 7 （increase） paternity leave is one way to encourage this. For example, the proportion of men taking paternity leave increased from 4 percent to 39 percent when Norway 8 （i
20、ntroduce） 4-weeks of full payment paternity leave in 1993 and further increased to 89 percent as Norway gradually extended paternity leave entitlements to now 15 weeks. In China, there are no regulations or legislation at the central level 9 （regard）paternity leave, and while in some provinces, men
21、are entitled to as many as 30 days of paternity leave, more will need to be done to rebalance the burden of care.Last, outstanding women scientists must 10 （promote） as role models and mentor younger women. Research reveals that women without mentors report the lowest career optimism. Women and girl
22、s should be supported early on to take interest in science and be guided in their careers. This can also build networks and connections social capital crucial to their career advancement.Passage 5 1 （equal） in STEM would enable faster scientific advances and a more inclusive world. It also makes bus
23、iness sense: organizations with gender-diverse executive boards outperform financially by 25 percent, according to McKinsey. Achieving equality not only 2 (benefit) everyone, but also depends 3 on everyone parents, spouses, institutions, employers and universities. That is 4 UNDP, UN Women and the e
24、ntire UN system partner with all involved to elevate women in STEM.History shows the incredible leaps humanity makes when women step forward in science from Marie Curie, to Tu Youyou. Such potential likely 5 （exist） in 6 (count) woman and girls today, if they find the encouragement, resources and en
25、abling environment 7 （go）forward. Unlocking this is about more than realizing gender equality; it is also about 8 equality can realize for us all.With our future 9 （hang） by a thread, we need every science heroine we can get. The time to champion them（be） 10 now.参考答案Passage 11 universal2 exclude 3 a
26、re 4 but 5 globally6 to participate7 became 8 where9 than 10 wealthiestPassage 21 being left 2 dominated3 be overlooked4 unless5 more urgent 6 to achieve7 suggesting8 encountered 9 to safeguard10 supportivePassage 31 essential2 be awarded3 fewer 4 Globally5 who6 inclusive7 facilities(facility) 8 responsibility9 lifted10 boostingPassage 41 to quit 2 surveyed3 deepened4 than 5 social6 recognition7 Increased8 introduced9 regarding 10 be promotedPassage 51 Equality2 benefits3 on 4 why5 exists6 countless7 to go 8 what 9 hanging10 is
