1、Unit 4Wildlife protection1wild adj.野生的；野的；未开发的；荒凉的n减少；减2decrease vi.&vt.减少；(使)变小；或变少小；减少量3hunt vt.&vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻4certain adj.确定的；某一；一定5contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍6affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭；作用7appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到8succeed vi.成功vt.接替；继任9income n收入10employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)11harm n&vt.损害；危害12bite vt.&vi.(bit,bitten)咬
2、；叮；刺痛13incident n事件；事变n减少，减1decrease vi.&vt.减少；(使)变小；或变少小；减少量(反义词：increase)例句His interest in music gradually decreases.他对音乐的兴趣逐渐减退。They are making efforts to decrease the expense of their family.他们正在努力减少家庭开支。There has been a steady decrease in the birth rate in this city.这个城市的出生率在持续下降。搭配decrease by.
3、下降了(强调幅度)decrease to.下降到(强调结果)辨析decrease/reducedecrease 强调数目减少；reduce 则表示尺寸、数量、程度或强度减少，也可以表示地位、处境、状况降低或恶化。运用完成句子(1)参加英语口语测试的人数减少了 10%。The number of students who took part in the oral English test_.(2)最近几年，这个镇的人口减少到 10 万。In recent years,the population in this town_.(3)我们要逐步缩小工资差距。We must gradually_th
4、e wage gap.decreased by 10%has decreased to100,000reduce2hunt vt.&vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻例句It is illegal to hunt rare animals.捕猎珍稀动物是违法的。Well go hunting in the afternoon.我们下午将出去打猎。搭配hunt for 搜索；试图找到hunt after 探求；追求hunt sth./sb.down 捕获某人/物hunt sth./sb.out 找出某人/物运用完成句子(1)警察追捕到了一名罪犯。The police _a criminal.(2)约翰那天外
5、出找工作了。John went out to _work that day.(3)他从储藏室里找出一本旧日记。He _an old diary from the storage.hunted downhunt forhunted out3contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍例句Most fruits contain water and sugar.大多数的水果含有水和糖分。The meeting hall can contain 200 people.这个会议室能容纳 200 人。辨析contain/include(1)contain 意为“包含；容纳”，指某物被容纳在比它范围更大的东西之内
6、，侧重所含的量与成分。(2)include 意为“包括”，侧重被包含者只是其中的一部分。运用完成句子(1)这本书包含了你所需要的全部信息。This book _you need.(2)这个瓶子可容纳多少粒药片？How many tablets can the bottle_?(3)这个价钱包括邮资在内。The price_ postage charge.contains all the informationcontainincludes4affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭；作用例句Her deeds affected the whole world.她的事迹感动了全世界。Ones expe
7、riences will affect his outlook on life.一个人的经历会影响他的人生观。派生搭配effect n结果；影响；效力be affected by 受影响/被感动have an effect upon/on 对有影响/有效力运用完成句子(1)这对孩子的将来影响很大。It _the future of the child.(2)所有的观众都被这场电影感动了。All the audience_ the movie.had a great effect onwere affected by5appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到例句Her talent for
8、 music was not appreciated.她的音乐才能无人赏识。派生搭配appreciation n欣赏；感激appreciate doing sth.感激做某事I would appreciate it if.如果我将会很感激运用完成句子(1)那是因为你不会欣赏音乐。Thats because you are not able to_.(2)如果你能帮我做这件事，我将十分感激。_you would help me with it.appreciate musicI would appreciate it very much if用本单元所学单词及用法完成下列句子1他们的狗将门咬了
9、一个洞。Their dog _a hole in the door.2十一月正是猎鹿的好时节。November is a good time to _ deer.3一些野生动物处于危险中，因此有必要保护它们。Some _animals are in danger,so it is necessary to protectthem.4他每月的收入刚刚超过 2000 元。His monthly _was just over 2,000 yuan.bithuntwildincome5他成功地得到了那份工作。He_ in getting the job.6这起事件正在被调查。The _is being
10、 investigated.7水中含有氧气。Water _ oxygen.8这个城市烟民的数量在持续下降。There has been a steady _ in the number of smokers inthis city.9我很欣赏他对工作的极端专注。I really _ his complete absorption in his work.10情绪会影响工作。Mood can_ work.succeededincidentcontainsdecreaseappreciateaffect1die out 灭亡；逐渐消失2burst into laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出
11、来3protect.from/against 保护不受(危害)4pay attention to 注意5come into being 形成；产生1die out 灭亡；逐渐消失例句Many old customs are gradually dying out.许多旧习俗都在逐渐消失。拓展die of 死于(疾病、饥寒、情感、年老等)die from 死于(除疾病、饥寒、情感、年老等以外的其他原因)die down 暗淡；平静下来；减弱die off 一个个死去；相继灭亡be dying for/to do sth.渴望(做)某事运用用 die 相关短语的适当形式填空(1)The baby
12、_fever.(2)He _ a chest wound.(3)The sound of the car _ in the distance.(4)This kind of animal has _ in the world.(5)The deer in the forest are all_ for lack of water.(6)Im_ something to eat.died ofdied fromdied downdied outdying offdying for2burst into laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来例句All the classmates burst
13、 into laughter when they heardthe joke.听到那个笑话时，全班同学都捧腹大笑。拓展burst into tears/flames 突然哭起来/着火burst out laughing/crying 突然大笑/哭起来burst into some place 闯入某地运用完成句子(1)我的英语老师的幽默足可以让每个学生捧腹大笑。My English teacher is so humourous as to make every student_.(2)我们又继续了 10 分钟，直到女儿突然哭起来，并承认她被打败了。We continued for anoth
14、er ten minutes,until suddenly mydaughter_,and admitted that she wasbeaten.burst into laughter/burst out laughingburst into tears/burst out crying3protect.from/against 保护不受(危害)例句Every parent should protect their children from beinghurt.每个父母都应保护自己的小孩不受伤害。运用完成句子大树长出很多树叶，所以它们提供树荫保护我们免受阳光照射。Trees produce
15、 many leaves,so they provide shade to _.protect usfrom the sun4pay attention to 注意例句You must pay attention to what your teacher says in theclass.上课的时候你必须专心听老师讲课。拓展to 为介词的常用搭配有：look forward to 期待be related to 与有关be addicted to 沉溺于get down to 着手做make a contribution to 对作出贡献refer to 参考；查阅；涉及运用完成句子(1)当比
16、较不同文化的时候，我们经常只是注意不同点，而没有注意许多相似的地方。When comparing different cultures,we often only _the differences without noticing the similarities.(2)我熟悉他的作品，并期待他能就文艺创作问题发表自己的见解。I am familiar with his works and _hearinghis view on literary and artistic creation.(3)当你不知道怎么拼写一个单词时，查阅一下词典。_the dictionary when you do
17、nt know how to spell aword.payattention tolooking forward toRefer to5come into being 形成；产生例句I am still confused on how the black holes come intobeing.我还是弄不清黑洞是怎么形成的。拓展come into effect 实施；生效come into use 投入使用come into power 上台执政运用用 come 相关短语的适当形式填空(1)When did the world_?(2)The new seat belt regulatio
18、ns _last week.(3)When did this machine_?come into beingcame into effectcome into use用本单元所学短语及用法完成下列句子1罗马帝国是什么时候形成的？When did the Roman Empire_?2我会给你所有的事实以便你可以自己判断。I will give you all the facts _you can judge for yourself.3请按照说明将表填好。Please fill up the form _the instructions.4所有的村民都和睦相处。All the village
19、rs live together_.come into beingso thataccording toin peace5随身带一顶帽子，你需要保护你的头发不被太阳晒伤。Take a cap with you.You need to _your hair_the burning sun.6许多动物物种正处在濒临灭绝的危险中。Many species of animals_.7希望你对此问题给予关注。I hope you will _this problem.8我们正在严肃认真地谈论问题，他们却突然大笑起来。They _ when we weretalking seriously about t
20、he matter.protectfrom/againstare in danger of dying outpay attention toburst into laughter/burst out laughing原句 1They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago,long before humans came into being and their future seemed secureat that time.早在人类产生之前，它们就在地球上生活了几千万年，而且在当时它们的未来似乎是安全可靠的。精讲long befor
21、e 在 本 句 中 引 导 时 间 状 语 从 句。意 为“在的很久以前；在还没有的很久以前”。此外，longbefore 还可以单独作状语，意为“老早；早就”。精练根据中文提示，完成下列句子(1)在他还没有结婚以前他就在这家工厂工作很久了。He had worked in this factory _he got married.(2)我们早就看过那部电影了。Weve seen that film_.原句 2 Were being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.我们因为肚皮下的羊毛而被捕杀。精讲“am/is/arebeing过去分词”是现在
22、进行时的被动语态；而“was/werebeing过去分词”是过去进行时的被动语态。long beforelong before精练根据中文提示，完成下列句子(1)那座桥正在修建。The bridge_.(2)那时汤姆在为我修自行车。My bike _by Tom at that time.is being builtwas being repaired运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵之We should (1)_(关 注)the problem of theprotection of wildlife,because at present they are(2)_(濒临灭绝)or
23、(3)_(处于危险之中)On one hand,people(4)_(捕杀)animals for food or for the thick furs.On the otherhand,people can not(5)_(与 相 处 好)wildlife which they think are fierce and may attack them to death,which will endanger the wildlife.In order to (6)_ the wildlife (7)_(保护 不 至 于 灭 绝),it is necessary to set up wildl
24、ifereserves.(8)_(只要)the above measures are effective,the species will develop gradually and safely.pay attention todying outin dangerhuntget along/on well withprotectfrom extinctionAs/So long as听说考试“模仿朗读”备考指导(五)5语调英语中的基本语调有：升调()，降调()，升降调()，降升调()和平调()。其用法为：(1)升调：主要用于一般疑问句，带有疑问语气；也可用于祈使句，表示委婉、客气；或用于陈述
25、句，表示疑问、不肯定或不耐烦等。如：Can you come to us for lunch？你能来和我们一起吃午饭吗？You know her？你认识她？So long！太长了！(2)降调：主要用于陈述句、特殊疑问句、祈使句(表命令)和感叹句。如：The birds are singing in the trees.鸟儿正在树上歌唱。When shall I give you the book？我什么时候要把书给你？Leave the book on the desk.把书放在桌子上。What a beautiful picture！多美的画啊！(3)前升后降调：主要用于：选择疑问句。如：W
26、hich do you prefer,tea or coffee?你更喜欢喝哪一种，茶还是咖啡？以状语或状语从句开头的句子。如：In my opinion，he is perfectly right.依我看，他完全正确。计数或列举。如：One，two,three and four.一，二，三，四。I want a pen，a ruler and some paper.我需要一枝笔、一把尺子和几张纸。注意：and 连接的几个并列的词或短语，and 前面的都读升调，其后的读降调。(4)前降后升调：主要用于带有疑问语气的反意疑问句。如：You havent finished it，have you？
27、你还没完成，是吗？如果反意疑问句中的疑问成分很少，则全部用降调。如：Its a nice day,isnt it？天气真好，不是吗？(5)平调：指说话声调维持在同一个高度，而无升降。如何丰富句子的表达大多数考生写英语作文时，往往不注意语句表达形式的多样化，句子千篇一律，缺乏生气。这里列举一些简单可行的方法，以帮助考生丰富句子表达，提高英文写作水平。1改变句子长度初学写作的人容易堆砌简单的短句，读起来单调乏味。如果改变句子长度，做到短句、中长句、长句兼而有之，情况就大不一样了。如：There is one positive result of the rising crime.This hasb
28、eenthegrowthofneighbourhoodcrimepreventionprograms.These programs really work.They teach citizens topatrol their neighbourhoods.They teach citizens to work with thepolice.They have dramatically reduced crime in cities and townsacross the country.The idea is catching on.文段中 7 个句子都是短句，十分单调。现在我们对句子长度做些
29、调整：One positive result of the rising crime rate has been thegrowth of neighbourhood crime prevention programs.Theseprograms really work.By teaching citizens to patrol theirneighbourhoods and work with the police,they have dramaticallyreduced crime in cities and towns across the country.The idea isca
30、tching on.修改后的这段文字，有短句和，有中长句，也有长句，不仅避免了句子单调化，还使长句更说明问题，短句也更显力度。2将若干简单句合并为一个简单句为避免堆砌简单短句，可把原若干简单句合并成只带一个共同主语的简单句。(1)使用并列谓语He put on his coat.He picked his hat and umbrella.Then hehurried from the house.变为：He put on his coat,picked his hat and umbrella,and hurriedfrom the house.他穿上外套，拿起帽子和雨伞就急匆匆地从家出去了
31、。(2)使用分语短语Judith is alarmed by the increase in meat price.She has becomea vegetarian.变为：Alarmed by the increase in meat price,Judith has become avegetarian.因担心肉价上涨，朱迪思已开始吃素食。(3)使用同位语She was the mayor of the town.She was an amiable person.Sheinvited the four students into her office.变为：The mayor of t
32、he town,an amiable person,invited the fourstudents to her office.镇长是一位和蔼的人，她邀请了四名学生到她的办公室。(4)使用短语英语中的短语十分丰富，选择面极宽。选用适当的短语把几个简单句合并起来，是增加句子灵活性的一条捷径。如：The streets are icy.We could not drive the car.变为：Because of the icy streets,we could not drive the car.由于路面结冰，我们不能开车。(5)善于使用连接词有的考生写复杂句时，动辄用 so,and,but
33、,or,then,however,yet 等，非但达不到丰富表达方式的目的，反而会使句子结构松散、刻板。如：The Mississippi River is one of the longest rivers in the world,and in spring often overflows its banks,and the lives of manypeople are endangered.and 把 3 个分句一贯到底，既乏味又可笑。因此，应慎用上述并列连词、副词等。如果可能，不妨多用一些表示从属关系的连接词，如 who,which,that;because,since;after,
34、as,before,when,whenever;if,unless;as if 等。如上例可改为：The Mississippi River,which is one of the longest rivers in theworld,often overflows its banks in spring,endangering the lives ofmany people.密西西比河是世界上最长的河流之一，在春季时河水经常会泛滥，严重危及两岸人民的生活。3打破传统的主谓结构主谓结构的句子写多了，偶尔用几个词或短语恰到好处地插入主谓之间，或将主谓倒置，可以为句子表达增添几分新意。如：Her ability to listen is an acquired skill that attracts manyfriends.变为：Her ability to listen,an acquired skill,attracts many friends.她所具备的善于聆听的特质吸引了很多朋友。