1、SENTENCE EXPLANATIONS 请和你的同学一起认真分析下面句子，并补全所缺内容。这种学习方式能逐步提高你理解长难句的能力。 1. On this day, the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest. (P36)【分析】本句是一个简单句。采用了sb. / sth. + be + said / reported / thought / believed / expected / . + to do sth.结构。该句型一般可转换为“_”结构。注意：to do的形式要根据转述的动作和转述的时间之间的关系发生相应的变化。如果转述的动
2、作发生于转述的同一时间或即将发生，用不定式的一般式。如：Joe is believed to be the oldest person in this village.如果转述的动作发生在转述之前，用不定式的完成式。如：They are thought to have discussed the problem. 如果转述时转述的动作正在进行，用不定式的进行式。如：They are said to be cleaning their classroom at present.【句意】据说这一天的月亮是一年中最大最亮的。【仿写】据说他一百多岁了。 _2. Traditional moon cak
3、es are usually made with bean paste, but nowadays, there are many different kinds of moon cakes including fruit, coffee, chocolate and even ice-cream moon cakes. (P36)【分析】本句是一个由but连接的并列句。be made with意为“由制成”，后接某物的部分组成材料。including意为“包括在内”，用于引起一个解释性短语。注意：be made of与be made from都可表示“由制成”，但前者用于物品可以看出原材料，
4、后者用于物品看不出原材料。如：The chair is made of wood.The paper is made from wood.【句意】传统的月饼通常是用豆馅做的。但如今，月饼的种类很多，有水果的、咖啡的、巧克力的，甚至有冰激凌的。【仿写】Anns handbag _ (是用羽毛做成的)。There will be eight people at the party _ (包括五个男孩和三个女孩). 3. In the past, lanterns were usually lit by candles and decorated with pictures of birds, an
5、imals and flowers, etc. (P36)【分析】本句是一个简单句。第一个and连接了两个并列的谓语were lit和decorated，但decorated前省略了_。当and或but连接两个或两个以上的并列谓语时，其后谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词常可省略。如本课中的：However, in recent years, people from other cultures have also taken part in the races and enjoyed the fun.Sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot w
6、ater. 【句意】过去，人们通常用蜡烛点灯笼，用鸟、动物、花等图案装饰灯笼。【仿写】一天结束时，我们很累，但很高兴。 _4. Nowadays, most lanterns are made with light bulbs and batteries, and they come in many shapes and sizes. (P36)【分析】 本句是一个由and（第二个）连接的并列句。come (in sth.) 的英语释义为：to be available or to exist in a particular way，不用于进行时，用来指“（货品、产品等）可提供，有（货）。如：
7、This dress comes in black, brown and red. （这款连衣裙有黑、棕和红三种颜色。）【句意】现在大多数灯笼是用电来照明的，而且形状繁多、大小各异。【仿写】所有这些鞋子都是用皮革做成的，而且式样繁多，尺寸齐全。_KEY：SENTENCE EXPLANATIONS1. 【分析】 It + be + said / reported / thought / believed / expected / . + that从句【仿写】Hes said to be over 100. / It is said that he is over 100. 2.【仿写】is made with / of feather including five boys and three girls3. 【分析】were 【仿写】By the end of the day, we were tired but happy.4.【仿写】All of these shoes are made with leather and they come in many different shapes and sizes.