1、Lesson 3 Scientific Breakthroughs自主预习 一 二 三 四 五 一、释义搭配 1.wrestle A.to make a person healthy again 2.cureB.to give money,food,etc.to a charity 3.outcomeC.a situation in which you have to make a very difficult choice between things of equal importance 4.premierD.while sth.else is happening 5.splitE.th
2、e result or effect of an action or event 6.meanwhile F.most important,famous or successful 7.donateG.to divide,or to make a group of people divide into smaller groups 8.dilemmaH.to fight sb.by holding them and trying to throw them to the ground or struggle to deal with sth.that is difficult 答案:18 HA
3、EFGDBC 自主预习 二、短语互译 1.(范围)从到 2.single out 3.根据 4.not to mention 5.打开(灯、水、煤气等)6.go out range from.to.挑出;挑选according to 更不用说turn on(light,water,gas,etc.)熄灭一 二 三 四 五 自主预习 三、你认识这些科学家吗?将他们与对应的成就连起来吧 1.Alexander Fleming 2.Edwin Hubble 3.Albert Einstein A.penicillin B.theory of relativity C.Hubble Telescope
4、 答案:13 ACB 一 二 三 四 五 自主预习 四、阅读课文PIONEERS OF SCIENCE,判断正误(T/F)1.Percy Spencer discovered microwaves by mistake.()2.Einstein was at work when he thought of the formula“E=mc2”.()3.The person who discovered penicillin was Alexander Fleming.()4.Fleming had been studying bacteria in his laboratory when th
5、e discovery happened.()5.During the World War,Flemings discovery helped to cure plenty of people.()T F T F T 一 二 三 四 五 自主预习 五、根据你对课文的理解,将下面的表格补充完整 Its really a 1.for us to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century,because so many amazing discoveries were made in such a large num
6、ber of scientific areas.Here are some2.Albert Einstein discovered the formula“E=mc2”when he was taking 3.of his little baby.Edwin Hubble discovered galaxies millions of light years away from us,and his 4.proved that the universe was vastly larger than had previously been thought.dilemmapioneers care
7、 discovery 一 二 三 四 五 自主预习 Alexander Fleming made another finding:a kind of blue mould,later called 5.,could be used to kill bacteria.Eckert and Mauchly 6.the worlds first 7.so as to improve the 8.of the US Navys missiles.Percy Spencer discovered microwaves quite by 9.The breakthroughs of these pione
8、ers have 10.the world completely.penicillin invented computeraccuracy mistake changed 一 二 三 四 五 合作探究 12345671.Amazing discoveries were made in medicine,communicationsand transport,not to mention our knowledge of the world andspace.人们在医药、通讯和运输方面有令人惊叹的发现,更不用说我们对世界和空间知识的发现。考点not to mention 更不用说 He has
9、two big houses in this country,not to mention his villa in France.他在这个国家有两套大房子,更别提他在法国的别墅了。合作探究 注意mention的用法:She did not mention her mothers absence.她没有提到她母亲的缺席。Thank you for the ride home.谢谢你开车送我回家。Dont mention it.别客气。Whenever I mention playing football,he says hes too busy.我一跟他提踢足球的事,他就说太忙。Did she
10、 mention where she was going?她有没有说起她要去哪儿?归纳:mention表示“提到”,后可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或从句作宾语;Dont mention it表示“别客气”。1234567合作探究 活学活用 完成句子 The weather here is lovely,(更不用说)the wonderful food.not to mention 1234567合作探究 2.Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes ofdiseases under microscopes to surgical
11、 procedures replacingdiseased organs with donated ones.医学的进步包括从在显微镜下发现疾病的起因到用捐赠器官替代病变器官这样的外科手术过程。剖析discovering 和replacing均为动词-ing形式作介词宾语,diseased 和donated均为过去分词作定语。考点一range from.to.(范围)从到 Their ages range from 25 to 50。他们的年龄在25岁到50岁之间。The frontier ranges from the northern hills to the southern coast
12、.边界从北部山地一直延伸到南部海岸。1234567合作探究 range over 涉及 in/within range(of)在射程之内;在范围内 beyond/out of range(of)在射程以外;在范围外 1234567合作探究 考点二donate vt.捐赠;赠送 Many people and companies donated to charities for the earthquake.许多个人和企业为这次地震灾难向慈善机构捐赠。donation n.捐赠;捐赠物 They made a generous donation for more street lights,wi
13、der roadsand better bridges.他们为安装更多的路灯、修建更宽的马路和更好的桥梁而慷慨捐助。归纳:donate 常和介词to连用;make a generous donation to表示“向慷慨捐助”。1234567合作探究 活学活用 语法填空 1)If most breadwinners donate a days pay the Hope Project,then it will be hopeful.2)The team consisted of ten players whose ages ranged 10 16.to from to 1234567合作探究
14、 3.Communications changed with the introduction of mobilephones and the way we correspond went from writing letters toemailing.通讯方式随着手机的引入而改变,我们的通信方式从写信变成了发电子邮件。剖析本句是由and连接的并列复合句。we correspond是定语从句,修饰the way。考点correspond vi.通信;符合 Weve corresponded with each other by email for years but Ive never act
15、ually met him.我们通过电子邮件通信多年了,可是我从未见过他本人。Your account and hers correspond.你说的情况跟她说的相符。归纳:correspond with sb.表示“与某人通信”。1234567合作探究 观察correspond构成的短语。These goods dont correspond with my order form.这些货物与我的订货单不符。The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.美国的国会相当于英国的议会。归纳:correspond with s
16、th.表示“与相一致/相符合”。correspond to sth.表示“与相似/相当”。1234567合作探究 活学活用 单句改错 1)“Does the name on the envelope respond with the name on the letter inside?”asked Mr Black.语法填空 2)We have not corresponded each other for ten years.答案:respondcorrespond with 1234567合作探究 4.We started flying around the world and meanw
17、hile,scientistsfigured out how to split the atom,previously thought to be thesmallest particle of matter in the universe.我们开始在世界各地飞行,同时,科学家们发现了怎样分离原子,而原子以前被认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。考点meanwhile adv.同时 The doctor will see you again next week.Meanwhile,you must rest as much as possible.医生下周还会给你看病。在此期间,你要尽可能地多休息。1
18、234567合作探究 The incomes of skilled workers went up.In the meanwhile,unskilledworkers saw their earnings fall.技术工人的工资上涨了。与此同时,非技术工人则发现他们的工资下降了。My first novel was rejected by six publishers.In the meantime I wrotea play.我的第一部小说遭到六家出版商的拒绝。在此期间我又完成了一部戏剧。归纳:in the meanwhile和in the meantime 都可表示“同时;在此期间”。1
19、234567合作探究 活学活用 语法填空 1)the meanwhile I will visit an old friend of mine.句型转换 2)She is cutting the grass;at the same time her husband is planting roses.She is cutting the grass.,her husband is planting roses.In Meanwhile/In the meanwhile/In the meantime 1234567合作探究 5.During the Second World War,when
20、Flemings discovery wasfirst helping to cure people,the US Navy was looking for ways ofimproving the accuracy of their missiles.第二次世界大战期间,弗莱明发现的青霉素被第一次用来治愈士兵,这时美国海军正在致力于寻找提高导弹命中率的方法。考点cure vt.治愈【高考典句】It can uncover laws of nature,cure diseases,makebombs,and help bridges to stand up.它(科学)能揭示自然规律,治愈疾病,
21、制造炸弹,帮助桥梁挺立。1234567合作探究 1)Doctors say there are several possible cures.医生说有几种可能奏效的疗法。There is no cure for this kind of disease.对这种病没有什么治疗办法。归纳:cure还可用作名词,表示“疗法”,常与介词for连用。2)辨析:cure与treat This new medicine will cure him of his disease.这种新药将会治好他的病。This kind of illness is usually treated with drugs and
22、 a strict diet.这种病通常靠药物和严格控制饮食来进行治疗。归纳:cure表示“治愈”,强调结果,常与介词of连用。treat表示“治疗”,不强调结果,常与介词with连用。1234567合作探究 活学活用 语法填空 1)It seemed that nobody could cure him cancer.选词填空(cure/treat)2)It is possible to his sickness.3)There were only two doctors to more than 90 patients.of cure treat 1234567合作探究 6.The nav
23、y turned to Eckert,an engineer,and Mauchly,aphysicist,to wrestle with the problem and produce a machine todo the job.海军方面向工程师小埃克特和物理学家莫奇利寻求帮助,请他们解决这一难题并制造一台能完成该工作的机器。考点一turn to 求助于 He is the only person who I can turn to for advice.他是唯一一个我可以寻求建议的人。Follow the main road until it branches,and then turn
24、 to the right.顺着这条大路走,在路的分岔口向右拐。归纳:turn to除了表示“求助于”外,还可以表示“转向”。1234567合作探究 与turn相关的短语:turn out结果是,证明是 turn back 往回走;阻挡 turn away 离开;解雇 turn down关小,调低;拒绝 turn over翻阅;移交 turn against对抗;反对 turn up出现;发生;调大 考点二wrestle with sth.努力解决难以处理的事物 He had no idea how to wrestle with the abrupt argument.他不知道如何应付这突如
25、其来的争吵。1234567合作探究 1)相关短语:wrestle with the problem努力想办法解决问题 wrestle with sb.与某人摔跤 wrestle sb.to the ground/floor 将某人摔倒在地 2)辨析:wrestle with与deal with She had spent the whole weekend wrestling with the problem.她整个周末都在绞尽脑汁处理这个问题。Weve dealt with several renewals this week.我们本周处理了几件续约的事。归纳:wrestle with表示“
26、努力解决难以处理的事物”,而 deal with没有“困难地”这一含义。1234567合作探究 活学活用 用适当的介词或副词填空 1)Please turn the television a bit as our baby is sleeping.2)Nobody can turn the wheel of history.3)The plan turned to be a failure.4)We often turn this handbook for information on transistors.5)Why did they suddenly turn you?6)As he h
27、ad broken the rule of the factory,he was turned .7)They are having a meeting to discuss how to wrestle the difficult problem they are facing.down back out to down away with 1234567合作探究 完成句子 8)Whenever she was in trouble,she (向他求助).9)Though poor,the girl (拒绝)othershelp firmly.10)What are you reading,
28、Tom?Im not really reading,just (翻阅)the pages.turned to him for help turned down turning over 1234567合作探究 7.These pioneers of the 20th century were all dedicated toimproving the quality of human life on earth,but sometimesbreakthrough discoveries that have affected our lives todayhappened by mistake!
29、这些20世纪的先驱者们都致力于提高地球上人类的生活质量,但是,有时候影响我们今天生活的突破性发现却是无意中发生的!剖析 本句是由but连接的并列复合句。that在句中引导定语从句,修饰discoveries。1234567合作探究 考点一be dedicated to.致力于 The government has been dedicated to having the poor get rid of poverty.政府一直致力于使穷人脱贫。归纳:短语be dedicated to.中to是介词,后面接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。考点二by mistake错误地;无意中 I took your bag instead of mine by mistake.我不巧错拿了你的包。Thats all right.没关系。1234567合作探究 活学活用 语法填空 1)Nowadays,more and more people are dedicated to (help)the poor in the remote areas.2)Be careful and dont set the fireworks off mistake.helping by 1234567