1、Part Three GrammarThe Past Participle as the adverbial (过去分词作状语)一、【学习目标】1. 掌握过去分词作状语的基本用法。2. 能够运用语法规则正确使用过去分词作状语。二、【自主预习】过去分词作状语过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，其逻辑主语一般是句子的主语，含义上表被动和完成。1. 表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。如： 1）Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like
2、a big garden. 2）Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party. 3）When heated, ice will become water. 【练一练】1) , a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape. 从显微镜(microscope)下看，雪花是晶莹的六角形。2) , he owed all this to his family. 当问到他成功的秘密时，他把这一切都归功于他的家人。2. 表原因，相当于一个原
3、因状语从句。如： 1）Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other. 2）Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. 【练一练】1) , his homework was full of mistakes. 因为完成得很匆忙，他的作业有太多的错误。 2) (因为淋了一场大雨), he was all wet. 3) , I was unsettle
4、d for the first few days. 由于担心这次旅行，在开头的几天里我很不踏实。 3. 表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if，unless等词。如： 1）Given another chance, he will do better.2）Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English. 3）If heated, water can be turned into steam. 【练一练】1) , these plants could have grown m
5、uch better. 多给些关心的话，这些植物会长得更好些。 2) , we still have a long way to go. 如果和你相比的话，我们仍然还有一段很长的路要走。 4. 表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。如： 1）Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber. 2）Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. 【练一练】1) by the opposite team, the players were
6、 not discouraged. 虽然被对方打败，队员们仍然没有泄气。 2) , he refused to let out the secret. 尽管受到敌人的威胁，他仍拒绝泄露秘密。5. 表方式或伴随情况, 如： 1）The old man went into the room, supported by his wife.2）She sat by the window, lost in thought. 【练一练】1) The professor sat in the classroom, . (身边围着许多学生) 2) The emperor walked in the parad
7、ing procession, .后面跟着几个重要大臣 过去分词作状语应注意以下几点：1. 过去分词与句子主语之间的关系(1) 过去分词作状语表示被动或完成的动作。过去分词与句子主语之间通常存在逻辑上的动宾关系。如：Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 【高考链接】(2009福建卷)_ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding B. RemindedC. To remind D. Having
8、reminded(2) 有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(迷路)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；lost in(沉迷于)；dressed in(穿着)。由某些动词后面加-ed转化来的形容词也具有此用法，如frightened, satisfied, tired, disappointed等。如：Surprised at what had happened, Tom didnt know what to do. 【高考链接】(2009浙江卷)_and short of breath, Andy and Ruby wer
9、e the first to reach the top of Mount Tai. A. To be tried B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired 2. “连词+过去分词”结构主句主语和从句主语一致，且从句含有动词be时，可省略从句主语和动词be，可把状语从句变换为“连词+过去分词”结构。常用的连词有if, unless, when, as, once, even if/ even though, as if, though/ although等。如：I wont attend his birthday party unless invited (=unle
10、ss I am invited). 【高考链接】(2009湖南卷)Every evening after dinner, if not _from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tired 三、【课内达标】1. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if , can improve our health. 实验表明，有规律的锻炼可以增强我们的体质。 (carry out)2. Mic
11、haels new house is like a huge palace, . 与他的旧房子相比，Michael的新房子像个很大的宫殿。 (compare)3. the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. 受到科技进步的激励，很多农民在自己的土地上建起了风电场。 (encourage) 4. , these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars. 如果给予正确的训练，这些青少年足球运动员有
12、一天可能成长为国际巨星。 (give)5. the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. 被提醒不要误了下午三点半的航班，经理急忙动身到机场去。 (remind; miss) 6. She walked out of the house, . (后面跟着她的女儿) (follow) 7. (存放在冰箱里,keep), these vegetables will remain fresh.8. , his works will be very popular. 一旦出版，他的作品将很受欢迎。(publis
13、h)9. , this railway will link many industrial cities to a seaport.这条铁路建成后，将把许多工业城市和一个海港连接起来。 (when; complete)10. , the girl began to cry. 当被告知去老师办公室时，这女孩开始哭起来。 (when; tell) 11. , he soon fell asleep.由于干重活疲劳至极，他很快就睡着了。 (tire) 12. , you should remain silent at the conference. 除非邀请你发言，否则在会议过程中你应该保持沉默。 (invite) 13. When into the warm room, ice soon changes into water. 当被加热或者被带到暖和的房间，冰融化成水。 (heat, take)