1、Unit 4Exploring plantsSection Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading & Comprehending一、用适当的介词填空1.Keep that boy a distance.He always plays jokes on others.答案:at2.The temple,which dates back the 17th century,is undergoing a complete mending.答案:to3.The county is facing restrictions the use of water for irrigati
2、ng crops.答案:on4.How did you like Nicks performance last night?To be honest,his singing didnt appeal me much.答案:to5.These cars are being produced a large scale.答案:on二、根据汉语提示,写出相应的单词1.Neither (流利)nor accuracy is easy to come by in learning a foreign language.答案:fluency2.The ship was (抛锚)off the shore.
3、答案:anchored3.She drew me onto the (阳台).答案:balcony4.It snows all the year round in that (遥远的)little village.答案:distant5.There have always been some (矛盾)between the sexes.答案:conflicts6.The new fashion soon lost its (吸引力).答案:appeal7.The envelope was firmly (密封).答案:sealed8.The swimming club is open to f
4、amilies in the neighbourhood without (限制).答案:restriction9.We saw pictures of (外来的)birds from the jungle of Brazil.答案:exotic10.I shall (尽力)to accommodate you whenever possible.答案:endeavor11.She taught in a (教会的)school for a couple of years.答案:missionary12.Flowers are often (授粉)by bees.答案:pollinated三、
5、完成句子1.人们不仅会得到帮助找到工作,而且医疗也会提供给那些需要的人。 people to find jobs,but also medical treatment will be provided for the people who need it.答案:Not only will help be given to2.现在,我的日程很紧,但是我会尽力安排时间见你。 right now,but Ill try to fit you in.答案:My schedule is very tight3.1949年见证了中华人民共和国的成立。The year 1949 of the Peoples
6、 Republic of China.答案:saw the foundation4.直到他离开家,他才开始意识到家庭对他是多么重要。Not until he left his home to know how important the family was for him.答案:did he begin5.我的计算机系统过时了。Our computer system is .答案:out of date6.商店离他们住的地方有一段距离。The shops were from where they lived.答案:at a distance四、用方框里所给单词或短语的适当形式填空in the
7、 distance,fluent,appeal to,tight,not until,see1.She speaks though not very correct French.答案:fluent2.He his friends for support.答案:appealed to3.They watched the train until it disappeared .答案:in the distance4.It was he got there that they began to eat.答案:not until5.Last yearthe death of both his sis
8、ters.答案:saw6.It was a match,with the winning goal scored in the final minute.答案:tight五、根据课文内容用适当的单词填空Plant Exploration in the 18th and 19th CenturiesCollecting“exotic”plants dates 1to the earliest times.The first plant collecting expedition 2in history was around 1500 BC when the Queen of 3sent ship
9、s away to gather plants,animals and other goods.It was not until the 18th and 19th centuries 4the exploration of the botanical world began on a large5.An important group of collectors were French 6missionaries.Father dIncarville once sent some Tree of Heaven seeds to7.Sir Joseph Banks was a very fam
10、ous British plant collector,who8James Cook on his first voyage from England to Oceania.The purpose of the trip for Banks was to record the plant and animal life they9.At that time,keeping plants10during long land or sea voyages was an enormous challenge.The world of plant exploration was completely
11、changed with Dr Nathaniel Wards invention of a 11sealed portable glass12.This invention,called the Wardian case,allowed plants to be 13on long journeys.Robert Fortune was one of the earliest plant collectors to use Wardian cases.In order to travel 14in China,he developed his 15in Chinese and dressed
12、 as a Chinese man,even 16his head in the Chinese style.During the second half of the nineteenth century many Catholic missionaries were sent to China from17.Father Farges collected 37 seeds from a tree that had 18to him.This tree was later called the Dove Tree.In 1899,E H Wilson was able to collect
13、a large quantity of seeds of the Dove Tree that Father Farges had discovered.答案:1.back2.recorded3.Egypt4.that5.scale6.Catholic7.England8.accompanied9.came across10.alive11.tightly12.container13.transported14.unnoticed15.fluency16.shaving17.France18.appealed六、阅读理解AIf you travel to a new exhibit at th
14、e San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers,you will have chances to see some meat-eating plants.Take bladderworts,a kind of such plant,for example.They appear so small and grow in a quiet pond.But these are the fastest-known killers of the plant kingdom,able to capture a small insect in 1/50 of a secon
15、d using a trap door!Once the trap door closes on the victim,the enzymes(酶)similar to those in the human stomach slowly digest the insect.When dinner is over,the plant opens the trap door and is ready to trap again.Meat-eating plants grow mostly in wet areas with soil that doesnt offer much food valu
16、e.In such conditions,these amazing plants have developed insect traps to get their nutritional needs over thousands of years.North America has more such plants than any other continent.Generally speaking,the traps may have attractive appearance to fool the eye,like pitcher plants,which get their nam
17、e because they look like beautiful pitchers(a container like a bottle)full of nectar(花蜜).The Asian pitcher plant,for example,has bright colours and an attractive half-closed lid.Curious insects are tempted to come close and take a sip,and then slide down the slippery(光滑的)slope to their deaths.Hair-l
18、ike growths along the pitcher walls ensure that nothing can escape,and the digestive enzymes can get to work.A tiny insect can be digested in a few hours,but a fly takes a couple of days.Some of these pitchers are large enough to hold two gallons.Meat-eating plants only eat people in science fiction
19、 movies,but sometimes a bird or other small animals will discover that a pitcher plant isnt a good place to get a drink.1.From the first paragraph,we can know that bladderworts can .A.capture 50 small insects in a secondB.capture an insect in the shortest timeC.be found floating on a quiet lakeD.dig
20、est an insect in 1/50 of a second答案:B解析:细节理解题。第一段指出,bladderworts能在1/50秒的时间内捕获一只小昆虫,是植物中已知的捕获动物速度最快的,因此选B项。2.If the trap door of a meat-eating plant is closed,the plant.A.is fooling insects into taking a sipB.is producing nectarC.is tempting insects to come closeD.is enjoying a dinner答案:D解析:细节理解题。第二段
21、说,一旦“陷阱门”将猎物关起来,类似于人胃里的那些消化酶就开始慢慢地消化它了,由此判断D项正确。3.Meat-eating plants can grow in wet and poor soil because they.A.can get nutrition from animalsB.dont need much food valueC.can make the most of such conditionsD.have developed digestive enzymes答案:A解析:推理判断题。这些植物生长在潮湿贫瘠的土壤中,为获得生长所需的养分,在数千年的进化中,它们演化出了捕获
22、昆虫的“陷阱”,由此推出它们主要从动物身上获取养分,而不是从土壤中获取养分。4.Which of the following is the picture of the Asian pitcher plant?答案:A解析:推理判断题。根据第四、五段可知亚洲捕虫草主要有这些特征:状如水瓶,颜色鲜亮,有半掩的盖子,综合此三项可知,只有A项最合适。B(2014辽宁,C)Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the
23、 next generation?UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined.Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was.In fact,the opposite is true:trees survive through their co-operation
24、and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.Nitrogen (氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌) networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy.This hidden syst
25、em works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元)in our brains,and when one tree is destroyed,it affects all.Simard talks about “mother trees”,usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend.She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, t
26、ransporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow.When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.“We didnt take any notice of it,
27、” Simard says sadly.“Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.5.The underlined sentence “the o
28、pposite is true” in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees .A.compete for survivalB.protect their own wealthC.depend on each otherD.provide support for dying trees答案:C解析:句意理解题。根据画线句子后的内容“trees survive through their co-operation and support,passing around necessary nutrition depending on who needs it”
29、可知答案为C项。6.“Mother trees” are extremely important because they .A.look the largest in size in the forestB.pass on nutrition to young treesC.seem more likely to be cut down by humansD.know more about the complex “tree societies”答案:B解析:细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句可知。7.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph
30、 refers to .A.how “tree societies” workB.how trees grow oldC.how forestry industry developsD.how young trees survive答案:A解析:推理判断题。代词it通常用来指代上文的内容,根据第四段最后一句“When humans cut down mother trees with no awareness of these highly complex tree societies or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing th
31、e chances of survival for the entire forest.”可知答案。8.What would be the best title for the passage?A.Old Trees Communicate Like HumansB.Young Trees Are In Need Of ProtectionC.Trees Are More Awesome Than You ThinkD.Trees Contribute To Our Society答案:C解析:主旨大意题。本文属于科普知识介绍,但作者用寓言故事般的叙述方式告诉我们树木是神奇的,它们有自己的社会,有自己的生存法则,比我们想象的更令人敬畏。