1、Unit 15 Learning 语法篇 _1、条件状语从句中的虚拟语气。2、名词性从句中的虚拟语气。3、其他虚拟情况。一， 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气1. 虚拟语气在虚拟条件状语从句和主句中的用法：时间虚拟条件状语从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反did(were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相反had donewould/should/could/might + have done与将来事实相反did(were)/were to do/should dowould/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形例：If I had time,
2、 I would attend the important meeting.If you had followed my advice, you could have passed the exam.If you came/ were to come/should come tomorrow, we would hold the party.2. 省略if的虚拟条件句：在虚拟条件状语从句中，可省略if，把were, should, had提到句首，变为倒装句式。例：Should he come(=If he should come), I would tell him to ring you
3、up.3. 错综时间条件句如果主句和从句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句。例：If you had followed the doctors advice, you would be better now.4. 含蓄条件句句中没有明显的虚拟条件状语从句，而是利用其它手段来代替条件状语从句，如用but for, without, or, otherwise等。例：But for your help, we couldnt have succeed in the experiment.二， 名词性从句中的虚拟语气1. 在某些表示“命令，要求，建议”等的动词，名词以及形容词存在的
4、主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句中的虚拟语气结构为：(should) + 动词原形。常这样用的动词有：一坚持：insist二命令：order, command四建议：suggest(suggestion n.), advise(advice n.), propose(proposal n.), recommend五要求：require(requirement n.), request, demand, desire, urge例：The graduate insisted that he (should) go to work in the south. （宾语从句）We agreed
5、 to order that the task(should) be completed. （同位语从句）His demand is that the boy(should) go with them. （表语从句）It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next. （主语从句）当suggest表示“暗示，表明”之意时，insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”之意时，后接的宾语从句应当用陈述语气。例：His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.2. 在woul
6、d rather后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句的谓语如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，从句用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生的动作，从句用过去完成时。例：I would rather I left now.I would rather you came next month.I would rather he had passed the exam.3. 在wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气分类 从句谓语与现在事实相反 did(were)与过去事实相反 had done与将来事实相反 would/could/might + 动词原形例：I wish you would go with us tomo
7、rrow.I wish I had told him the way to the supermarket.I wish that I were a bird.三， 其他虚拟情况1. 在if only引导的感叹句中的虚拟语气分类 从句谓语与现在事实相反 did(were)与过去事实相反 had done与将来事实相反 would/could/might + 动词原形例：If only I were younger now.If only I had known the news earlier.only if表示“只有（才）”，引导条件状语从句，不用虚拟语气。例：I told him he w
8、ould succeed only if he worked hard.2. 虚拟语气在as if/as though（好像）引导的表语从句和方式状语从句中的用法分类 从句谓语与现在事实相反 did(were)与过去事实相反 had done例：He looks as if he were an artist.I remember it clearly as if it had happened yesterday.当句子叙述的是真实的或极有可能发生的或存在的事实时，从句要用陈述语气。例：It sounds as if it is raining.3. 用于Its(high/ right) t
9、ime(that)“是该干的时候了”句型中，从句中谓语动词用过去式或“should+动词原形”。例：Its (high) time that you went/ should go to bed. 例1. My grandpa insisted that he _ injured and _ to the hospital.A. be, be sentB. was, was sentC. be, was sentD. was, be sent例 2. It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _ it
10、?A. Had done B. Have done C. didD. am doing 例3. （2019北京丰台高三二模）Sorry indeed, I _ your wedding if I had been in Beijing.Forget it. I know you were out on business.A. attended B. had attendedC. would attendD. would have attended例4. （2019北京通州高三一模）If he _ my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.A. follow
11、edB. should followC. would followD. had followed 例5. （2019北京通州高三二模）We would have won if we _ thousands of fans screaning.A. had hadB. hadC. have hadD. Have基础演练一，单项选择。1. My mom suggests that we _ eat out for a change this weekend.A. ShouldB. mightC. couldD. would2. Eye doctors recommend that a childs
12、 first eye exam _ at the age of six months old.A. wasB. beC. wereD. is 3. Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they _ always late.A. werentB. hadnt beenC. wouldnt beD. wouldnt have been4. If only I _ more confidence in the English speech contest held last week.A.
13、would haveB. have hadC. had hadD. have5. Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he _ something instead of just talking.A. will doB. has doneC. doD. did6. Id appreciate _ if you could teach me how to use the computer.A. thatB. itC. thisD. you7. What impresses me most is _ he appears in front of o
14、thers, he wears a science and charming smile.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. that whatever8. （2019北京房山高三二模）Without your good advice of learning English, I _ the test last week.A. didnt passB. wouldnt passC. wouldnt have passedD. hadnt passed9. （2019北京丰台高三一模）With a little more care, you _ the traffic accid
15、ent. Its lucky that you just hurt your arm.A. can avoidB. avoidedC. had avoidedD. could have avoided10. （2019北京东城高三二模）I might speak French fluently if I _ the chance to stay in France for some time.A. am being givenB. were givenC. will be givenD. would be given巩固提高一， 完成句子。1. 他们究竟去哪里了？我不知道，但我希望我知道。Wh
16、ere on earth have they gone?I have no idea, but I wish I _(know).2. 他明天要来。但我宁愿他后天来。He will come tomorrow.But Id rather he _(come) the day after tomorrow.3. 你该做家务活了。It is high time that you _ _ the housework.4. 要是某一天我能到月球上去多好啊！If only I _ _ to the moon one day.5. 他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里。He talks about Roman
17、as if he _ _ there before.一，单项选择。1. I need time to _ on what you offered.A. considerB. reflectC. imagineD. suggest 2. A friend is like a mirror. When you stand in front of a true friend, what is _ back to you.A. reflectingB. to reflect C. being reflectedD. been reflected3. Playing video games can ma
18、ke children aggressive and _ attention disorders. So children who play video games a lot seem to have more trouble in school.A. contribute toB. result fromC. lie inD. come about4. It is hard for such a little children to _ the difference between right and wrong.A. selectB. distinguishC. instructD. r
19、eflect 5. The success of a marriage depends on the extent _ which you are prepared to work at it.A. toB. inC. onD. of6. Excuse me, you are supposed to hand in your design now.Im sorry, my computer broke down, or I _ it last night.A. finishedB. would finishC. had finishedD. would have finished7. The
20、employee talked about his education background, but the manager would rather he _ more on his working experience,A. focusB. focusedC. occupyD. reflect 8. Teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.A. not allowB. do not allowC. mustnt allow D. couldnt a
21、llow 二，根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Do you like the school?Yeah. I only wish the classes _(be) a little smaller.2. With the Spring Festival approaching, the experts suggestion that tickets _(book) online is of vital practice.3. Experts suggest that people should _(take) up some hobbies, which may help reduce
22、pressure and depression.4. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _(focus) more on its culture.5. The story is so vividI feel as if I _(be) there.6. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _(be) more careful when driving.7. He is a poorly learned man, bet he acts
23、 as though he _(be)._一，完型填空。Abraham Lincoln (亚伯拉罕.林肯) was born in 1809. At that time, the United States did not look like the 1 that we know today. There were 2 states, as you can see on the 3 . Most of the states were in the East and the South, and there were only two states in the West, 4 the coas
24、t and the mountains.The state where Lincoln was born was in the 5 of the country between the North and the South. His father was a farmer who 6 had much money, 7 his family often did not even have enough food to 8 . Little Abraham had to work on his fathers 9 when he was only six years old.In those
25、days, if parents wanted to send their 10 to school, they had to 11 the teachers that ran the school. Abrahams father could not read or write , and he did not think the boy 12 any schooling (学校教育). “Abes life will not be different if he can read and write,” he said. “And poor people havent anything t
26、o count, so Abe will not 13 arithmetic (算术).”But Abes mother did not 14 him, and when a teacher came to open a school, Abes mother managed (设法) to 15 enough money to send Abe and his sister there.Abe loved school 16 the first day , and he was always the 17 pupil in his class, but he was a boy 18 oth
27、er boys and he was not confident. He learned to read and write very quickly, and in one of his school books he 19 :Abraham Lincoln, His hand and pen;He will be good, But God knows 20 .1. A. worldB. country C. capitalD. state2. A. manyB. more C. smaller D. fewer3. A. blackboardB. wall C. map D. door4
28、. A. betweenB. among C. over D. next to 5. A. edgeB. centre C. back D. middle6. A. usuallyB. ever C. never D. all7. A. so B. because C. then D. but8. A. wear B. plant C. grow D. eat9. A. farmB. playgroundC. island D. mountain10. A. brothersB. children C. sons D. daughters11. A. helpB. cost C. pay D.
29、 spend12. A. neededB. wanted C. loved D. tried13. A. read B. learn C. copy D. teach14. A. refuseB. explain C. agree with D. hear of15. A. steal B. rob C. find D. save16. A. from B. at C. in D. on17. A. oldest B. youngest C. best D. richest18. A. like B. as C. for D. towards19. A. said B. wrote C. sa
30、ng D. played20. A. why B. what C. when D. where二，写作。如何理解“成功”，不同的人有不同的看法。请认真阅读下面的引语（quotation），按要求用英语写一篇短文。Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm. Sir Winston Churchill内容要求：1. 你对该引语的理解；2. 你的相关经历；3. 恰当的结尾。注意：1. 短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；2. 文中不能出现考生的具体信息；3. 词数：120左右。This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that _
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