1、阅读理解专项训练（十三） Main idea1 The easy way out isnt always easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat Doug, my husband of one month, to a special meal. I glanced through my cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as Do
2、ug left for work. As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Doug loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was a sticky dough (面团) covered with ugly yellowish marks. Realiz
3、ing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldnt have to face Doug laughing at my work. I went on preparing the rest if the meal, and, when Doug got home , we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he got up and w
4、ent outside , saying he thought he heard a noise. The third time he left, I went to the window to see what he was doing. Looking out , I saw Doug standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container. When I came out of the house , he dropped
5、the stick and explained that there was something alive in our rubbish bin . Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped close and looked harder. Without doubt it was my work. The hot sun had caused the sough to dough to double in size and the ferme
6、nting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing . It looked like some unknown being from outer space. I could see why Doug was shaken. I had to admit what the “living thing” was and why it was there. I dont know who was more embarrassed (尴尬) by the whole thing Doug or me
7、.The writers purpose in writing this story is _A.to tell an interesting experience.B.To show the easiest way out of a difficulty.C.To describe the trouble facing a newly married woman D.To explain the difficulty of learning to cook from books2 Decision thinking is not unlike poker- it often matters
8、not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. The mental process is similar. Naturally, this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are, by any standards, good thinkers.The great mathematician John von Neumann was one
9、of the founders of game theory. In particular, he showed that all games of “perfect information”, games like chess where the players cant hide anything or play tricks; they dont win by chance, but by means of logic and skills. Then there are games of “ imperfect information”, like poker, in which it
10、 is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another.One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quit the reverse. Business, politics, life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. Bus
11、iness decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors which would even puzzle best poker players. But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess, not poker.The subject discussed in thi
12、s text is _A. the process of reaching decision B. the difference between poker and chessC. the secret of making good business plans D. the value of information in winning games3Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness
13、 is not serious, In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary(暂时的) . This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require an
14、y special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situationfor example a family problem, the death of a loves one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually d
15、oes not last for more than a year.The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic(长期的) loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunat
16、ely, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a persons social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For
17、instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.Psychologists are trying to
18、find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness ca
19、n be a very sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.1. The topic of the 4th paragraph is that _.A.one problem of loneliness is a persons social contacts B.we depend on various people for different reasonsC.lonely people dont have many social problemsD.lonely people dont have many friends 2. What is t
20、he best title for the passage?A.Three Kinds of Loneliness. B. :Loneliness and DiseasesC. Loneliness and Social Contacts D. Chronic Loneliness.4Excused from recycling because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute (垃圾道)? You wont be for long. Miamis Mark Shantzis has made it simple for those li
21、ving in tall buildings to use the chute and cycle, too.In Shantzis Hi-Rise Recycling system, a chute leads to a pip-shaped container with six boxes that can turn around when operated. The system, which fits in the same space as the chute and container now in use, enables ,glass, plastics, paper, met
22、al, and other rubbish to go into separate boxes.The system is controlled from a board foxed next to the chute door. The board has a button for each class of recycling materials. At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors chute doors and sets the recycling container turning unti
23、l the right box comes under the chute. The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full. And a particular piece of equipment breaks up the nonrecyclables. Sorting(分类) recyclables before they are collected saves the use of expensive materials recovery equipment whic
24、h otherwise has to do the sorting. Such equipment often makes recycled materials very expensive, so expensive that tones of recyclables remain wasted. Shantzis believes his system could help recycled materials become more cost-effective. (NMET 2000 年 E) The purpose in writing this text is _.A. to en
25、courage people to recycle their rubbish. B. to introduce a recycling system for high risesC to describe the use of computer technology in recycling D to explain the need for rubbish collection in high rise5 Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and l
26、ack of consumer demand for environment() friendly products have contributed to the pollution problem. One result is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastics, and these are difficult to get rid of.However, today, more and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that the products they
27、 buy should be safe for the environment. Before they buy a product, they ask questions like these, “Will this shampoo damage the environment?” “Can this metal container be reused or can it only be used once?”A recent study showed that two out of five adults now consider the environmental safety of a
28、 product before they buy it, this means that companies must now changed the way they make and sell their products to make sure that they are “green”, that is, friendly to the environment.Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds. Some
29、supermarket products carry labels (标签) to show that the product is green. Some companies have made the manufacturing (生产) of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do
30、business. No longer will the pubic accept the old attitude of “buy it, use it , throw it away, and forget it.” The public pressure is on , and gradually business is cleaning up its act. NMET2001 CWhat would be the best title for the text?A. Business and People B. Business Goes Green C. Shopping Habi
31、ts Are Changing D. Supermarkets and Green Products 6 If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare,” “Samuel Johnson,” and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didnt even sp
32、eak English -William the Conqueror. Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language , though not the same as Welsh, was a
33、lso Celtic. In the rest of the country lived the Saxons , actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English ), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German. But this
34、state of affairs did not last. In 1066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of politics and the law come from
35、 French rather than German. In some cases, ,modern English even shows a distinction () between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the field or at ready to be cooked, whi
36、ch shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating. When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more “foreign” than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more
37、different from English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one mans ambition. NMET2001 D What is the subject discussed in the text?A. The history of Great Britain. B. The similarity between English and French.C. The rule of England by W
38、illiam the conqueror D. The French influences on the English language.7 Britains oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 110. Mr. John Evans had never found the time or the money to make the trip from his home near Swansea. But, when British Rail offered him an all-expenses
39、-paid birthday trip to the capital, he just could not refuse. Until yesterday he had never been far from home, except for one trip to Aberdeen. Mr.Evens, who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales, almost made the journey to London once before, at the turn of the century. “There was a trip
40、 to the White city but it was ten shillings (1shilling =1/20 pound ) return from Swansea-too much I thought. All my money went to the family then,” he said. During the nest two days Mr. Evens will be taken on a whistle-stop tour of London to see the sights. Top of his list is a visit to the Houses o
41、f Parliament. The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided to move him about if he gets tired. “ I dont like the chair business-people will so think I am getting old,” he said. Hi secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicizedno alcohol, no cigarette and no anger
42、. Before setting off from Swansea with his 76-year-old son, Amwel, he quipped, “ Im glad to see theyve given me a return ticket.” 2003shanghai C What might be the best title for this passage?A. 100-year-old Tourist B. Secret for Long and healthy lifeC. Free Return Ticket D. Sightseeing in LondonKEYS1. A 2. A 3. A.A 4. B 5. B. 6. D 7. A
