1、合作探究自主预习Lesson 3 Marco Polo合作探究自主预习一二三四五六一、马可波罗是意大利著名的旅行家,请利用你能利用的资源查找该旅行家的相关信息,然后把故事简要地接续下去 Around 700 years ago,an Italian young man travelled across Europe and Asia with his father and finally arrived in Beijing,China.TheChinese emperor welcomed them.The young man was greatly amazed by how beauti
2、ful and powerful the country was and.答案:略 合作探究自主预习一二三四五六二、单词预习 A.根据句意及首字母提示完成句子 1.Money can be used to buy g or service.2.The main global-warming gas,after all,is carbon dioxide,given off mainly by burning fossil f .3.Those who are lucky enough to be w have a duty to give money to the hungry.4.Your
3、work has improved in quality and q this term.5.Have you ever had any s problems connected with exposure to the sun?oodsuelealthyuantitykin 合作探究自主预习一二三四五六travelleremperor hunter author professor B.根据描述在下列句子中填入不同的“人”6.A is a person who is making a journey or a person who travels a lot.7.An is a man wh
4、o rules an empire(帝国).8.A is a person who hunts wild animals for food or as a sport.9.The of a piece of writing is the person who wrote it.10.A in a university or college is a teacher of the highest rank.合作探究自主预习一二三四五六三、从文中找出与下列汉语对应的短语或词组 1.和做生意 2.对留下深刻印象 3.把描述为 4.很惊奇地看见 5.付款 6.爆发 7.把关进监狱 8.轮流 do tr
5、ade with be impressed by.describe.as be surprised to see pay for.break out put into prison in turn 合作探究自主预习一二三四五六四、阅读课文,选择正确答案 1.Kublai Khan was friendly to Marco and his father because .A.he wanted to learn about Europe B.he invited them to China C.he wanted to please them D.he wanted to have a for
6、eign official in his court 2.Marco was sent to do many important tasks .A.because he was Kublai Khans friend B.so that he could learn to speak more languages C.and then he gave Kublai Khan a good impression D.because he was clever enough to be an official A D 合作探究自主预习一二三四五六3.What hadnt Marco seen be
7、fore he came to China?A.Gold.B.Large halls.C.Paper money.D.Silver.4.seemed strange to Marco.A.That the Hall could be large enough to seat 6,000 people B.That people paid for goods with gold or silver C.That people used something he didnt know to burn for fuel D.That the Summer Palace could be so bea
8、utiful C C 合作探究自主预习一二三四五六5.After leaving China,Marco .A.became a rich man B.fought in a war C.declared a war D.joined the army and became a soldier 6.By saying“I have only told a half of what I saw”,Marcomeant .A.he could only remember half of what he saw B.he didnt want to tell people the whole tru
9、th about China C.he wanted to keep another half of what he saw a secret D.what he told in his book was really true B D 合作探究自主预习一二三四五六(1)Marco came to China with when he was .At that time,it was Dynasty in China and Kublai Khan was the .Kublai Khan by Marco,who was clever and could ,so the Emperor as
10、ked him to .(2)Marco how beautiful and powerful China was.He was impressed by and the Emperors Palace,especially ,whose hall could easily seat people.his father 17 the Yuan Emperor was impressed speak four languages do many tasks across the country was amazed by Beijing the Summer Palace 6,000 合作探究自
11、主预习一二三四五六(3)Marco was also surprised by the and in China.At that time people in Europe paid for goods with but people in China paper money.He was also confused to see people use to burn for fuel.inventions developments gold or silverused black stones 合作探究自主预习一二三四五六(4)After years in China,Marco,who b
12、ecame a man,returned to Italy.A war soon after.Marco became a but he was caught by the enemy and ,where he told his stories to another prisoner.The stories later became a book.Many people thought the stories about China in the book ,but Marco his tales till his death.17wealthy broke out captain put
13、into prison best-selling were too fantastic to be true stood by 合作探究自主预习一二三四五六六、从文中找出下列句子,并指出其中的定语从句所修饰的对象,然后将它们归类 1.When he was 17 years old,he travelled across Europe and Asia with his father,who wanted to do trade with the Chinese.who指代:2.He was very impressed by Beijing and the Emperors Palace,e
14、specially the Summer Palace which he described as“The greatest palace that ever was.”which指代:;that指代 3.However,Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner whoenjoyed listening to his stories about China.who指代:his father the Summer Palace palace another prisoner 合作探究自主预习一二三四五六4.There were inventi
15、ons and developments in China which were not available in Europe at that time.which指代:5.The prisoner then wrote the stories in a book called TheDescription of the World,which became one of the best-selling books in Europe.which指代:6.Just before he died,aged 70,Marco was asked the question,“Was it all
16、 true?”,to which he replied,“I have only told a half of what I saw!”which指代:inventions and developments in China a book(called The Description of the World)the question 合作探究自主预习一二三四五六 Defining relative clause限制性定语从句 Non-defining relativeclause非限制性定语从句 Function Information to identify the person(s)/o
17、bject(s)Extra information about a person or a thing,which can be left out Form No comma With comma Example 2;3;4 1;5;6 合作探究自主预习123456781.Marco,in turn,was amazed by how beautiful and powerfulChina was.马可也相应地被中国的美丽和强大所震撼。考点一 in turn 轮流 The children called out their names in turn.孩子们逐一自报姓名。Each of us
18、in turn had to describe how those inventions had influenced our lives.我们每一个人必须轮流描述那些发明是怎样影响了我们的生活。合作探究自主预习12345678考点延伸 阅读下面的句子,体会in turn的含义。Working outside can mean too much sun exposure,which in turn canlead to skin cancer.户外工作可能意味着长时间在阳光下暴晒,而这相应地可能导致皮肤癌。含义:相应地 合作探究自主预习12345678考点二amaze vt.使惊愕(惊奇)I
19、was amazed that hed come up with this sweet idea.我很惊讶,他竟提出了这个美好的想法。It amazed us to hear that youre leaving.听到你要走我们都很吃惊。He amazed everyone by passing the test.他通过了考试,令所有人都很惊奇。【高考典句】He found that science amazed Times readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.他发现科学使纽约时报的读者感到
20、惊讶,并使他们想与他人分享这种积极的感觉。合作探究自主预习12345678考点延伸 amaze的派生词:amazing adj.令人惊异的 amazed adj.感到惊奇的 amazement n.惊奇,惊诧 I am so amazed at the progress he made.我对他的进步感到非常惊讶。The progress he made is amazing.他的进步令人吃惊。To my amazement,he has made great progress.令我吃惊的是,他取得了很大的进步。合作探究自主预习12345678活学活用完成句子(1)People try to a
21、void public transportation delays by using their own cars,and this creates further problems.人们通过使用他们自己的小汽车来极力避免公共交通延误,但是相反却带来了更进一步的问题。语法填空(2)How (amaze)it is that astronauts are exploring outer space!(3)They stopped suddenly and stared at him in (amaze).(4)I was (amaze)to learn she was still writing
22、 her stories.in turn amazing amazement amazed 合作探究自主预习123456782.The walls were covered in gold and silver and the Hall was solarge it could easily seat 6,000 people for dinner.它的墙是用黄金和白银粉刷的,宫殿大到可以容纳六千人同时进餐。剖析 这是and连接的并列复合句。and后的分句中,it could easily.是so.that引导的结果状语从句,其中省略了that。考点 seat vt.可容纳 This plan
23、e seats 425 passengers.这架飞机可乘坐425名乘客。It is a mid-sized bus,seating about 60 passengers.这是一辆中型公共汽车,可乘坐约60名乘客。合作探究自主预习12345678考点延伸 阅读下面的句子,体会seat的含义。(1)It turned out that the person seated next to me on the train was oneof my old friends.火车上坐在我旁边的那个人原来是我的一个老朋友。含义:使坐下(2)The old man was telling a story
24、and seated around him were agroup of children from the neighbourhood.老人在讲故事,围着他坐着的是邻居的一群孩子。含义:就座;坐着 合作探究自主预习12345678活学活用语法填空(1)The auditorium is big enough (seat)all the students of our school.(2)Ladies and gentlemen,please remain (seat)until the plane has come to a complete stop.(3)After (seat)all
25、the passengers,she got off the bus.(4)There are ten waiting rooms at the newly-built station,(seat)20,000 people in all.to seat seated seating seating 合作探究自主预习123456783.In Europe,people paid for goods with gold or silver.在欧洲,人们用金银购买商品。考点一(复习)pay for 为付款 People pay for text messages,even though email
26、 is free.即使电子邮件是免费的,人们还是会付费发短信。I will pay for the meal to thank for your help.为了感谢您的帮助,这顿饭我付钱。合作探究自主预习12345678考点延伸 pay sb.for 为付给某人钱 pay+金额+for 为付多少钱 He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most of which hadntbeen cleaned for at least a year.他付给那个为他清洗了10扇窗户的男孩10美元,大多数窗户都至少有一年没清洗了。Can you believe
27、I had to pay 30 yuan for a haircut?你相信我理个发花了30元吗?You should try the barbers where I go.Its only 15.你应该尝试一下我去的那家理发店,那儿才15元。归纳:使用pay for及其相关短语时,for后总是接所购买或消费的物品、服务,金额及收款人则可以直接跟在pay后作宾语。合作探究自主预习12345678考点二 goods n.商品,物品 Therere a large variety of goods in the shops.商店里有各式各样的商品。Our goal is to be among t
28、he top five white goods producers in Europe by 2020.我们的目标是到2020年跻身欧洲前五大白色家电生产商之列。The government has taken measures to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.政府已经采取措施来降低日常消费品的高价格,以保持市场稳定。归纳:goods只有复数形式,所以在句中用作主语时,谓语动词应该与复数名词保持一致,也用复数。合作探究自主预习12345678活学活用语法填空(1)She had to
29、cut back on spending and save to pay her holiday.翻译句子(2)这次餐费我来付吧。_(3)我为这辆自行车付给了店主200元。_(4)货物已经装运。_ for Let me pay for the meal this time.I paid the shopkeeper 200 yuan for the bike./I paid 200 yuan to the shopkeeper for the bike.The goods have already been shipped.合作探究自主预习123456784.He was also confu
30、sed by the black stones people used to burnfor fuel.他也不明白为什么人们用黑色的石头作燃料。剖析 people used to burn for fuel是省略that或which的定语从句,修饰stones;从句中不定式to burn for fuel 作目的状语。考点 confuse vt.使困惑 With its focus divided,the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next.随着它的精力被分散,狮子变得有些慌乱,不确定下一步该怎么做。They as
31、ked so many questions that they confused me.他们问了许多问题,都把我弄糊涂了。I understand the text but the diagrams in it are confusing me.我明白那篇课文的意思,但其中的图表让我感到困惑。合作探究自主预习12345678考点延伸(1)阅读下面的句子,体会confuse的含义。I am sorry I dont know you;maybe you are confusing me withsomeone else.对不起我不认识你,也许你把我跟别人弄混了。含义:混淆 Its wrong t
32、o confuse wealth with happiness.把财富和幸福混为一谈是错误的。含义:把混同 合作探究自主预习12345678(2)辨析confuse和puzzle:They confused me with conflicting accounts of what happened.他们对所发生的事所作的陈述自相矛盾,使我迷惑不解。There are things that still puzzle me about this new computer system.这个新的计算机系统还有东西让我感到困惑。归纳:confuse 指“把事物混淆或弄乱”或“由于混淆、混乱而糊涂”,
33、语气较弱,常指暂时现象;puzzle 指“情况错综复杂,因而使人感到困惑不解”。合作探究自主预习12345678(3)派生词:confusing令人迷惑的,令人不解的 confused 迷惑的,困惑的 The instructions on the box are very confusing.盒子上的说明让人不解。【高考典句】The salesgirl felt confused to see Peter again.再次见到彼得,售货员感到困惑。I am still confused about the reason why they did so.我还是对他们为什么要这样做感到迷惑不解。
34、归纳:confusing和confused都是confuse的分词形式,都可用作形容词。confusing指事物本身具有“使人困惑”的性质;confused指“被困惑的,感到困惑的”。合作探究自主预习12345678(4)confusion n.不确定,困惑;混淆,混乱 There was some confusion as to whether we would win or lose.我们是赢还是输还不确定。To avoid confusion,the teams wore different colours.为了避免混淆,各个队穿着不同颜色的衣服。合作探究自主预习12345678活学活用
35、 用confuse的正确形式填空(1)His writing is so that its difficult to make out what he is trying to express.(2)They asked so many questions that they me.(3)I hope the meeting will clear up peoples .(4)Dont show him the other way of doing ititll only him.(5)If you try to learn too many things at a time,you may
36、get .(6)I think German is more than English because of its difficult grammar rules.confusing confused confusion confuse confused confusing 合作探究自主预习123456785.He was now a very wealthy man.那时,他已经很富有了。剖析 now用于叙述过去的事,表示“当时,那时”。考点 wealthy adj.富有的,富裕的 Early to bed,early to rise makes a man healthy,wealthy
37、 and wise.早睡早起使人健康、富有和聪明。Its reported that Africas death rate is 10 times higher than that in wealthier countries in Europe and the Western Pacific.据报道,非洲的死亡率跟欧洲和西太平洋那些更富裕的国家相比要高10倍。归纳:wealthy是由“wealth(名词)+-y(形容词后缀)”构成的派生词,其比较级和最高级分别为wealthier和wealthiest。合作探究自主预习12345678活学活用语法填空(1)She comes from a (
38、wealth)family,who owns houses inLondon and Paris.(2)Many people today are (wealthy)than they imagineespecially those who have been able to buy their own house.(3)She was once one of (wealthy)women in the town.wealthy wealthier the wealthiest 合作探究自主预习123456786.Not long after his return,a local war br
39、oke out near his town.他回到家乡之后不久,一场区域性的战争在他家乡附近爆发了。考点 break out(坏事)突然发生,爆发 War broke out one evening.一天晚上战争爆发了。Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out?大家都知道火灾发生时该做什么吗?The war broke out in 1861 between the South and the North,which is called“American Civil War”in the history.南方和北方之间于1861年爆发
40、的那场战争在历史上被称为“美国内战”。合作探究自主预习12345678考点延伸 阅读下面的句子,体会break out of的含义。She felt the need to break out of her daily routine and do somethinginteresting.她觉得有必要从日常事务中解脱出来,找点有趣的事情做。含义:摆脱(某状况)合作探究自主预习12345678活学活用完成句子(1)Last night between the two brothers in our neighbourhood.昨晚我们邻居的弟兄俩之间发生了一场争吵。(2)I was still
41、 sleeping when ,and then it spread quickly.当火灾爆发时我还在睡觉,然后火就迅速蔓延起来了。翻译下列句子(3)The Second World War broke out in 1939._(4)The thief broke out of prison and escaped._ a quarrel broke outthe fire broke out 第二次世界大战爆发于1939年。那名窃贼越狱逃跑了。合作探究自主预习123456787.But Marco always stood by his tales.但马可总是坚持他所讲的故事是真的。考点
42、 stand by 坚持(某种)说法 The decision has been made and I have to stand by it.我已经作出决定了,我必须坚持下去。He insisted that all he wrote in the book is nothing but the truth,andthat he would stand by his words.他坚持说他在书里所写的都是事实,他还说他会坚持自己所说的话。合作探究自主预习12345678考点延伸(1)阅读下面的句子,体会stand by的含义。Peter stood by me when I most nee
43、ded help.Ill always rememberthat.彼得在我最需要帮助的时候支持着我,对此我将永远铭记在心。含义:支持 He would not stand by and let his project be killed off.他不会袖手旁观,任由自己的计划被扼杀。含义:袖手旁观Stand by for further orders!准备好待命!含义:准备(行动)(2)跟stand相关的其他常见短语:stand for 代表,象征;支持,主张 合作探究自主预习12345678活学活用翻译下列句子(注意其中stand by的含义)(1)There were several pe
44、ople standing by when the accident happened._(2)You cannot stand by and allow such a thing._(3)Well stand by you through thick and thin._(4)My teacher is a man who stands by his promises._ 事故发生的时候有好几个人在场。你不能袖手旁观,任由发生这样的事。不管多么艰难,我们都要支持你们。我的老师是一位信守诺言的人。合作探究自主预习123456788.语法:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 定语从句有限制性和非限
45、制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。I am looking for the book I forgot to take home yesterday.我正在找我昨天忘记带回家的那本书。His father,who works as an engineer,is quite humorous.他的爸爸是个工程师,人相当幽默。其中,前一句是限制性定语从句,因为book有很多,要说明是哪一本,就要用限制性定语从句,并且与主句译成一句话。第二句是非限制性定语从句,因为fa
46、ther通常而言肯定是唯一的,因此不需要限制,而且翻译时与主句分别翻译成两个分句。合作探究自主预习12345678考点一 非限制性定语从句的引导词 表示人 who,whom,whose 表示时间 when,介词+which 表示事/物 which,as 表示地点 where,介词+which Dad,this is Zheng Jie,who I knew in Paris.爸爸,这是郑洁,我在巴黎认识的。Mr King,whose legs were badly hurt,was quickly sent to hospital.金先生的腿受了重伤,被迅速送往医院。合作探究自主预习12345
47、678We will put off the outing until next week,when we wont be so busy.我们把郊游推迟到了下星期,那时我们不会这么忙。He was quickly taken to hospital,where the doctors were prepared to carry out an operation on him.他被迅速地送往医院,在那里医生已经准备好了给他做手术。He always works hard,as everyone knows.他一向勤奋学习,这大家都知道。合作探究自主预习12345678考点二 可以根据句意在引
48、导词which前用名词短语或介词短语。如:He lives in a big house,in front of which there is a swimming pool.他住在一所大房子里,房子前面有一个游泳池。考点三 非限制性定语从句中关系代词which 和as 可指整个主句的意思或一部分意思。He invited me to dinner,which made me happy.他邀请我吃饭,这使得我非常高兴。合作探究自主预习12345678考点四 as与一般的关系代词不同,它在非限制性定语从句中修饰的并不是名词或名词短语,而是句子。它还与一般的关系代词不同,它所引导的定语从句既可以
49、位于句末,也可以位于句首或句中。He managed to pass the exam successfully,as he had expected.他成功地通过了考试,正如他期待的那样。As everyone knows,China is a country with a long history.正如大家所知,中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。考点五 当先行词是专有名词时,通常用非限制性定语从句,因为专有名词本身就具有特殊性,无须加以限定。Shanghai,which is in East China,is developing rapidly.上海位于华东,正在飞速地发展。合作探究自主预习
50、12345678活学活用语法填空(1)The exact year Angela and her family spent together inChina was 2008.(2)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,my classmates recommended to me.(3)Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,is quite unexpected.(4)The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other.(5)Care of the soul is a gradual process which even the small details of life should be considered.which/that which which that/which in
