1、北京导游词六大景点英文导游词之长城北京导游词：六大景点英文导游词之长城北京导游词TheGreatWallTheGreatWall,likethePyramidsfEgypt,theTajMahal(1)inIndiaandtheHangingGardenfBabyln(2),isnefthegreatwndersfthewrld.StartingutintheeastnthebanksftheYaluRiverinLianingPrvince,theWallstretcheswestwardsfr12,700kilmeterstJiayuguanintheGbidesert,thusknwna
2、stheTenThusandLiWallinChina.TheWallclimbsupanddwn,twistsandturnsalngtheridgesftheYanshanandYinshanMuntainChainsthrughfiveprvinces-Lianing,Hebei,Shanxi,Shaanxi,andGansu-andtwautnmusregins-NingxiaandInnerMnglia,bindingthenrthernChinatgether.HistricalrecrdstracethecnstructinftheriginftheWalltdefensivef
3、rtificatinbackttheyear656B.C.duringthereignfKingChengftheStatesfChu.ItscnstructincntinuedthrughuttheWarringStatesperidinthefifthCenturyB.C.whenducalstatesYan,Zha,Wei,andQinwerefrequentlyplunderedbythenmadicpepleslivingnrthftheYinshanandYanshanmuntainranges.Walls,then,werebuiltseparatelybytheseducals
4、tatestwardffsuchharassments.Laterin221B.C.,whenQincnqueredthetherstatesandunifiedChina,EmperrQinshihuangrderedthecnnectinftheseindividualwallsandfurtherextensinstfrmthebasisfthepresentgreatwall.Asamatterffact,aseparateuterwallwascnstructednrthftheYinshanrangeintheHanDynasty(206BC-1644BC.),whichwentt
5、ruinthrughyearsfneglect.Inthemanyinterveningcenturies,succeedingdynastiesrebuiltpartsftheWall.ThemstextensivereinfrcementsandrenvatinswerecarriedutintheMingDynasty(1368-1644)whenaltgether18lengthystretcheswerereinfrcedwithbricksandrcks.itismstlytheMingDynastyWallthatvisitrsseetday.TheGreatWallisdivi
6、dedinttwsectins,theeastandwest,withShanxiPrvinceasthedividingline.Thewestpartisarammedearthcnstructin,abut5.3metershighnaverage.Intheeasternpart,thecreftheWallisrammedearthaswell,buttheutershellisreinfrcedwithbricksandrcks.ThemstimpsingandbestpreservedsectinsftheGreatWallareatBadalingandMutianyu,ntf
7、arfrmBeijingandbtharepentvisitrs.TheWallfthsesectinsis7.8metershighand6.5meterswideatitsbase,narrwingt5.8metersntheramparts,wideenughfrfivehrsestgallpabreast.Thereareramparts,embrasures,peep-hlesandaperturesfrarchersnthetp,besidesgutterswithgargylestdrainrain-waterfftheparapetwalk.Tw-striedwatch-twe
8、rsarebuiltatapprximately400-metersinternals.Thetpstriesfthewatch-twerweredesignedfrbservingenemymvements,whilethefirstwasusedfrstringgrain,fdder,militaryequipmentandgunpwderaswellasfrquarteringgarrisnsldiers.Thehighestwatch-tweratBadalingstandingnahill-tp,isreachednlyafterasteepclimb,likeclimbingala
9、ddertheaven.Theviewfrmthetpisrewarding,hverer.TheWallfllwsthecnturfmuntainsthatrisenebehindthetheruntiltheyfinallyfadeandmergewithdistanthaze.Asignalsystemfrmerlyexistedthatservedtcmmunicatemilitaryinfrmatintthedynasticcapital.ThiscnsistedfbeacntwersntheWallitselfandnmuntaintpswithinsightftheWall.At
10、theapprachfenemytrps,smkesignalsgavethealarmfrmthebeacntwersinthedaytimeandbnfiredidthisatnight.Emergencysignalsculdberelayedtthecapitalfrmdistantplaceswithinafewhurlngbefretheinventinfanythinglikemderncmmunicatins.Therestand14majrpasses(Guan,inChinese)atplacesfstrategicimprtancealngtheGreatWall,the
11、mstimprtantbeingShanghaiguanandJiayuguan.YetthemstimpressiveneisJuyngguan,abut50kilmetersnrthwestfBeijing.KnwnasTianXiaDiYIGuan(TheFirstPassUnderHeaven),ShanghaiguanPassissituatedbetweentwsheercliffsfrminganeckcnnectingnrthChinawiththenrtheast.Ithadbeen,therefre,akeyjunctincntestedbyallstrategistsan
12、dmanyfamusbattleswerefughthere.ItwasthegatefShanghaiguanthattheMinggeneralWuSanguipenedttheManchuarmytsuppressthepeasantrebellinledbyLiZichengandssurrenderedthewhleMingempirettheManchus,leadingtthefundatinftheQingDynasty.(1644-1911)JiayuguanPasswasntsmuchastheStrategicpassUndertheHeavenasanimprtantc
13、mmunicatincenterinChinesehistry.Cleftbetweenthesnw-cappedQilianMuntainsandtherllingMazngMuntains,itwasntheancientSilkRad.ZhangQian,thefirstenvyfEmperrWuDiftheWesternHandynasty(206B.C-24A.D),crsseditnhisjurneytthewesternregins.Later,silkflwedtthewestthrughthispasst.Thegate-twerfJiayuguanisanattractiv
14、ebuildingfexcellentwrkmanship.Ithasaninnercityandanutercity,thefrmersquareinshapeandsurrundedbyawall11.7metershighand730metersincircumference.Ithastwgates,aneasternneandawesternne.Oneachgatesitsatwerfacingeachther.thefurcrnersfthewallareccupiedbyfurwatchtwers,nefreach.Juyngguan,agatewaytancientBeiji
15、ngfrmInnerMnglia,wasbuiltina15-kilmeterlngravineflankedbymuntains.ThecavalrymenfGenghisKhansweptthrughitinthe13thcentury.AtthecenterfthepassisawhitemarbleplatfrmnamedtheCludterrace,whichwascalledtheCrssing-StreetDagba,sinceitsnarrwarchspannedthemainstreetfthepassandnthetpftheterracethereusedtbethree
16、stnedagbas,builtintheYuanDaynasty(1206-1368).Atthebttmftheterraceisahalf-ctagnalarchgateway,interestingfritswealthfdetail：itisdecratedwithsplendidimagesfBuddhaandfurcelestialguardianscarvednthewalls.Thevividnessftheirexpressinsismatchedbytheexquisitewrkmanship.suchgrandiserelicswrks,withseveralstnes
17、piecedtgether,arerarelyseeninancientChinesecarving.Thegatejambsbearamulti-lingualBuddhistsutra,carvedsme600yearsaginSanskrit(3),Tibetan,Mnglian,Uigur(4),HanChineseandthelanguagefWesternXia.Undubtedly,theyarevaluabletthestudyfBuddhismandancientlanguages.Asaculturalheritage,theWallbelngsntnlytChinabut
18、tthewrld.TheVenicechartersays：Histricalandculturalarchitecturentnlyincludestheindividualarchitecturalwrks,butalstheurbanrruralenvirnmentthatwitnessedcertaincivilizatins,significantscialdevelpmentsrhistricalevents.TheGreatWallisthelargestfsuchhistricalandculturalarchitecture,andthatiswhyitcntinuestbe
19、sattractivetpepleallverthewrld.In1987,theWallwaslistedbyUNESCOasawrldculturalheritagesite.Ntes：1.theTajMahalinIndia印度的泰姬陵2.theHangingGardenfBabyln巴比伦的空中花园3.Sanskrit梵语4.Uigur维吾尔语Therestand14majrpasses(Guan,inChinese)atplacesfstrategicimprtancealngtheGreatWall,themstimprtantbeingShanghaiguanandJiayugu
20、an.YetthemstimpressiveneisJuyngguan,abut50kilmetersnrthwestfBeijing.KnwnasTianXiaDiYIGuan(TheFirstPassUnderHeaven),ShanghaiguanPassissituatedbetweentwsheercliffsfrminganeckcnnectingnrthChinawiththenrtheast.Ithadbeen,therefre,akeyjunctincntestedbyallstrategistsandmanyfamusbattleswerefughthere.Itwasth
21、egatefShanghaiguanthattheMinggeneralWuSanguipenedttheManchuarmytsuppressthepeasantrebellinledbyLiZichengandssurrenderedthewhleMingempirettheManchus,leadingtthefundatinftheQingDynasty.(1644-1911)JiayuguanPasswasntsmuchastheStrategicpassUndertheHeavenasanimprtantcmmunicatincenterinChinesehistry.Cleftb
22、etweenthesnw-cappedQilianMuntainsandtherllingMazngMuntains,itwasntheancientSilkRad.ZhangQian,thefirstenvyfEmperrWuDiftheWesternHandynasty(206B.C-24A.D),crsseditnhisjurneytthewesternregins.Later,silkflwedtthewestthrughthispasst.Thegate-twerfJiayuguanisanattractivebuildingfexcellentwrkmanship.Ithasani
23、nnercityandanutercity,thefrmersquareinshapeandsurrundedbyawall11.7metershighand730metersincircumference.Ithastwgates,aneasternneandawesternne.Oneachgatesitsatwerfacingeachther.thefurcrnersfthewallareccupiedbyfurwatchtwers,nefreach.Juyngguan,agatewaytancientBeijingfrmInnerMnglia,wasbuiltina15-kilmete
24、rlngravineflankedbymuntains.ThecavalrymenfGenghisKhansweptthrughitinthe13thcentury.AtthecenterfthepassisawhitemarbleplatfrmnamedtheCludterrace,whichwascalledtheCrssing-StreetDagba,sinceitsnarrwarchspannedthemainstreetfthepassandnthetpftheterracethereusedtbethreestnedagbas,builtintheYuanDaynasty(1206
25、-1368).Atthebttmftheterraceisahalf-ctagnalarchgateway,interestingfritswealthfdetail：itisdecratedwithsplendidimagesfBuddhaandfurcelestialguardianscarvednthewalls.Thevividnessftheirexpressinsismatchedbytheexquisitewrkmanship.suchgrandiserelicswrks,withseveralstnespiecedtgether,arerarelyseeninancientCh
26、inesecarving.Thegatejambsbearamulti-lingualBuddhistsutra,carvedsme600yearsaginSanskrit(3),Tibetan,Mnglian,Uigur(4),HanChineseandthelanguagefWesternXia.Undubtedly,theyarevaluabletthestudyfBuddhismandancientlanguages.Asaculturalheritage,theWallbelngsntnlytChinabuttthewrld.TheVenicechartersays：Histrica
27、landculturalarchitecturentnlyincludestheindividualarchitecturalwrks,butalstheurbanrruralenvirnmentthatwitnessedcertaincivilizatins,significantscialdevelpmentsrhistricalevents.TheGreatWallisthelargestfsuchhistricalandculturalarchitecture,andthatiswhyitcntinuestbesattractivetpepleallverthewrld.In1987,theWallwaslistedbyUNESCOasawrldculturalheritagesite.
