冠词及其规则（有答案）.docx

1、学科教师辅导教案 学员编号： 年 级： 课 时 数：学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：课程主题：冠词授课时间：学习目标熟悉冠词的种类和用法教学内容一、学习目标选取往年广东中考冠词真题，看下学生对该考点的掌握情况。1不定冠词a和an的用法2定冠词the的用法3零冠词的用法4. 习惯用语中冠词的位置及使用。1. I went tosupermarket to buy birthday gift for my aunt yesterday. （2019广东真题）A. an,a B. a,a C. the, / D. /,the2. Brazil, _country in South Americ

2、a, will hold _ 31th Olympic Games in the August, 2019. （2019广东真题）A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the ; the3. Do you like _ movie Big Hero 6 ? Yes, it is _ interesting film. I like it very much. （2019广东真题）A. a an B. the an C. a the D. the a 4. Eric is not going to Nanjing by_ plane. Instead, he is taking

3、 _train. （2019广东真题） A. /; a B. a; / C. a; the D. the; a【来源5What do you want to be in the future, Lucy? I want to be _ pilot. It is _exciting job. （2019广东真题） A. a; a B. a; an C. a; the D. the; an6. _Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day. （2019广东真题） A. / B.A C. An D. The 7. I really lik

4、e _ book you lent me yesterday. （2019广东真题）A. aB. anC. theD. 不填8. Dont talk to Simon like that. He is just _ eleven-year-old boy. （2019广东真题）A. a B. an C. the D. /9. _ old man behind Mary is _ university teacher. （2009广东真题）AAn; an BA; the CThe; a DThe; an答案：BBBAB DCBC“精准突破”就是对“问题定位”和“原因分析”部分的考点进行详细讲解。

5、冠词定义冠词分为两类：不定冠词a/an 和定冠词the。此外也有些特定场合不用冠词，即通常所称的零冠词。冠词三兄弟a, an和the的任务就是给名词“戴帽子”。语法上，冠词是虚词，没有词义，用于名词前，帮助表明词义。不定冠词a/an只能用于单数名词之前，表示“一 ”的意思或该名词的不特定性。定冠词the则强调该名词的特定性，表示“这”、“这些”等意思，在可数名词与不可数名词之前都能使用。考点一 不定冠词的用法 知识要点不定冠词的种类不定冠词有两个：a和an。a用于以辅音音标开头的单词之前. 一本书a book 一个女人_a woman an用于以元音音标开头的单词之前. 一个苹果an appl

6、e 一位老人 an old man 一个小时 an hour 一个鸡蛋 an egg注：当形容词修饰名词时，冠词要放在形容词的前面，这时用a或an取决于这个形容词的读音。 一位英语老师an English teacher 一个红苹果 a red apple不定冠词的用法(1)泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。A girl is waiting for you.(2) 不定冠词a 用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前；a useful book; a desk;不定冠词an 用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。如： an old man; an actor; an “m” 。(3) 第一次提

7、到某人或某物而非特指时。如：There is a book on the desk, but the book isnt mine.(4) 表示人或事物的某一类。如：An elephant is bigger than a tiger.(5) 用于表时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“ 每一” 的意思，相当every 如： three times a week.(6) 表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。I have a computer.(7)用在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.(8)

8、可视为一个整体的两个名词前 eg: a knife and fork一副刀叉(9)用在某些固定词组中：如：have a good time; have a swim ,have a cold , half an hour ,a lot(of), after a while , in a hurry , for a long time, a few ,a little ,at a time ,举一反三另外出几道这个考点涉及的题目，考察学生是否真正掌握本考点。1. _ elephant is one kind of animals.A. A B. An C. / D. The 答案：A. 表示人或

9、事物的某一类2. His father is _ English teacher. He works in our school.A. a B. an C. the D. /答案：B. 第一次提到某人或某物而非特指时，用不定冠词并且该名词开头是元音不是辅音，所以用选B3. Tim had tried twice, and his father asks him to have third try.A. the B. a C. another D. /答案：B. 用在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”4. Jim has_useful book A. a B. an C. / D. the答案：C根据

10、语境useful book（有用的书）可知本处是泛指一类东西故用不定冠词，useful的首音素为/ju/为辅音音素，故该空为a考点二 定冠词the用法 知识要点定冠词the 基本用法(1)用来特指某人或某物，双方都知道的人或物的名词前如：Open the door, please.(2) 用于上文提到的某人或某物。There is a kite on the wall. The kite is new.(3)表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前如：the sun; the moon; the earth; the sky(4) 用在序数词或形容词最高级前，如：March is the third

11、month of a year. He is the cleverest boy in his class.(5) 用在某些形容词前， 表示一类人。如：the rich; the poor; the young; the old等。举一反三1. -Have you read a book calledThe Merchant of Venice?-Yes_ book is very interesting A. AnB. AC. TheD. /答案：C根据句意可知，book是上句提到The Merchant of Venic，是特指，故应填the2. -When is Fathers Day

12、in the United States?-Its on _third Sunday in June.A. aB. theC. / D. an 答案：B根据规则序数词前用定冠词，third第三是序数词，因此前面要用the。故选B3. He is a good man because he often helps _ poor.A. a B. an C. the D. /答案：C the+形容词表示一类人，题目中意为穷人，故答案为C4. Doing lots of listening practice is one of best ways of becoming good language l

13、earner.A. the;the B. the;a C. 不填;aD. the;不填 答案：B. 因为one of+最高级是固定结构,所以前面的空格用the, 而后面泛指要成为一个好的语言学习者,所以后面空格处用不定冠词a归纳总结并掌握中考定冠词的基本用法。the表特指旧事重提你知我知表示一类only序数最高级定冠词特殊用法(1) 用在西洋乐器名词前。如：play the violin(2) 用在表示世界上独一无二的事物或者方位名词前。如：the universe; in the east/north/west/south(3) 用在表示山脉、海洋、江河、湖泊、群岛、建筑物、名胜古迹等专有名

14、词前或用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：the Yellow River; the Great Wall; the West Lake; the White House等(4) 用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。eg：The Greens are watchingTV now(5)用于形容词或副词比较级等构成“ the.the. ”的句式中，表示“越越”。如： The more, the better.(6)用于固定搭配中。all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说

15、；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上in the open air 在户外，在野外举一反三1. _ Greens are my relatives（亲戚）.A. A B. The C. An D. /答案：B 姓氏复数前用the，表示一家人，故选B2. I can play _ piano well, but I cant play _ chess well. A. the; the B. /; / C. the; / D. /; the3. 答案：C表示演奏某种西洋乐器时，乐器前需

16、加定冠词；进行球类、棋类活动时则不需加定冠词。3. Many people are still inhabit of writing silly things.B. A B. The C. An D. /答案：C be in the habit是固定搭配，有定冠词归纳总结并掌握中考定冠词的特殊用法。乐器方位独一无二大好山河普名变专姓复一家形副比较固定搭配考点三 零冠词用法零冠词基本用法(1)名词前已有物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及名词所有格修饰时,不用冠词 my book(正)；my the

17、 book(误)(2)有些专有名词, 如人名,地名,国家名，抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。如： China; Japanese; milk; love等。Jim lives in China.(3)不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时前用零冠词 We cant live without water./ Horses are good animals.(4)用在“专有名词+普通名词”构成的街名，路名，山名等名词前 Hainan Island / Nanjing Road零冠词特殊用法(1)棋类活动,球类运动,一日三餐，学科名词前不用任何冠词 play chess play football have

18、 supper We all like English.特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时,其前可以用冠词：I can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。Wheres the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)(2)称呼语前不用冠词， 表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。 如：I dont feel well today, Mum./ This is Professor Li/ /Hello, Lily.(3)在节假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前，用零冠词.如：Teachers Day; Mothers Day; on Mon

19、day; in May; in summer但若指某年的某月份或某年的某季节，需在月份或季节前加the, eg：The winter in 2019 was very cold.(4) by与火车等交通工具连用，用零冠词 eg：by bus/ by train/by car/ by bike 注意：take a bus/ on the bike/ in a boat(5)在某些固定搭配里,名词之前常不用冠词.如on foot; at home; at night; from morning till night, on time, in time, at first, at last等。(6)

20、用与不用冠词的差异 in hospital住院 / in the hospital在医院里in front of在(外部的)前面 / in the front of在(内部的)前面 at table进餐 / at the table在桌子旁 by sea乘船 / by the sea在海边 go to school(church)上学(做礼拜) /go to the school(church)到学校(教堂)去 two of us我们当中的两人 / the two of us我们两人(共计两人)a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)/a teacher and a w

21、riter一位教师和一位作家(两个人)举一反三1.-Did you have good time yesterday?-Yeah,I really hadfun at the party!A. A;/ B. a;the C. /;the答案：A. 根据语境have good time 和 had fun 可知一空填a、二空填零冠词，两个都是固定搭配，表示玩的开心故答案为：A2. He used to be _ teacher but later he turned _writer A. a；a B. a；the C. ；a D. a； 答案：D. 第一个空是泛指；第二个空用“零冠词”是因为tu

22、rn后面的名词前一般都不加冠词。3. People often go skating in _ winter.A. / B. a C. an D. the答案：A在表四季(春、夏、秋、冬)的名词前一般不用冠词。归纳总结并掌握中考定冠词的特殊用法。1. 基本用法：零冠词+不可数名词/可数名词复数/专有名词2. 特殊用法：月份星期打球下棋一日三餐称呼头衔颜色学科某些节日已有修饰【课堂练习】一. 单项填空1Some people are still in _ habit of writing silly things in _ public places.A. the; the B. /; / C.

23、 the; / D. /; the2. As we know, _ knowledge is a must in _ international trade today.A. a; / B. the; an C. the; the D. /;the3. She is _ newcomer to _ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries.A. the; the B. the; / C. a; / D. a; the4. The boy led the blind man by _ arm to cross _

24、street.A. an; the B. the; the C. the ; a D. an; a5. Sometimes _ weak can defeat _ strong.A. /; / B. the; the C. the; a D. /; the6. He is _ younger of the two brothers.A. a B. the C. / D. one7. Land to _ east of _ Urals is call Asia.A. the; the B. /; the C. /; / D. the; /8. Take these chairs away; th

25、ey are standing in _ way.A. one B. a C. the D. this9. Do you know _ French for “hen”?A. a B. an C. the D. /10. I like watching _ TV and listen to _ radio.A. the; the B. /; / C. the; / D. /; the11.Isred bag under the table yours,Jean?No. I only have yellow bag. Maybe its Julias.A. a;theB. the;aC. a;a

26、D. the;the 12. Mom,I like green T-shirt. Could you buy it for me?A. aB. anC. theD. 不填13.Daming,whats your dream? I want to beengineer some day. A. aB. anC. theD. 不填14. Reading can make you become expert and change your life.A. aB. anC. 不填D. the 15.How wasdinner at Mikes house?It was great. Mikes mum

27、 iswonderful cook.A. a;theB. the;aC. the;theD. a;an 16. Whatheavy rain it was!Yes,but I loveair after it rains. It smells so fresh. A. the;aB. a;theC. the;theD. a;a 17. Jolin isfamous singer. She has a lot of fans.A. aB. anC. theD./18.My cousin went abroad atage of eighteen.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填19. I

28、 think English isuseful language,and its alsoimportant language.A. an;aB. a;anC. an;theD. a;the 20.Why did you laugh just now?Ted wanted to tell usvery funny story,but he forgotending himself.A. a;anB. the;theC. the;aD. a;the答案：1-5 CACBB 6-10 BACCD 11-15 BCBBB 16-20 BACBD 【中考预测】( )1. There is _ “s”

29、in the word “six” and _ “s” is the first letter of the word.A. a; the B. a; an C. an; the D. a; a( )2. Is it _ English dictionary?Yes, and it is _ useful one.A. a; a B. a; an C. an; a D. an; an( )3. Tina, could you please play _ guitar for me while Im singing?With pleasure.A. a B. an C. the D. /( )4

30、. What would you like for _ breakfast, Mr Scott?Three pieces of bread with _cup of black tea, please.A. a; a B. /; the C. a; the D. /; a( )5. Do you often listen to _ radio?No. In fact I havent _ radio.A. a; an B. /; the C. a; the D. the; a( )6. _Nanjing is one of the oldest cities with _ long histo

31、ry.A. /; a B. /; the C. A; the D. /; the( )7. You cant see _ sun at _ night.A. a; / B. a; The C. the; / D. the; the( )8. Wheres _ key to the box, Jim?Its in my bag.A. a B. the C. / D. an( )9. In order to make it clear, I must go up to _ second floor and ask him _lot of money.A. the; a B. the; the C.

32、 a; the D. a; a( )10. Give me _ book next to the TV set and I also need _ pencil.A. a; the B. the; a C. a; a( )11. This is _ song Ive told you about. Isnt it _ beautiful one?A. the; a B. the; the C. a; a D. a; the( )12. What about _speech?It was too boring, you know, _ speech for me.A. a; the B. the

33、; a C. the; / D. a; a( )13. How do you like _ TV play Dae Jang Geum (大长今)?Oh, its _ wonderful one. Its one of _ best TV plays I have ever seen.A. a; a; the B. the; the; the C. the; a; / D. the; a; the( )14. In his free time, he often plays _ guitar and _ football.A. a; a B. /; a C. a; the D. the; /(

34、 )15.The first letter is _ “u” in the word “useful”. We often say “_ useful book”.A. a; a B. /; a C. /; an D. an; an答案：1-5 CCCDD 6-10 ACBAB 11-15 ACDDA二、在需要的地方填入适当的冠词，不需要的地方填“/”(1)_ friend of mine, Sandy Milton, wanted to become (2)_ dancer when she was (3)_ little girl. Every morning before (4)_ sc

35、hool she used to practice in (5)_ living room at (6)_ home. Dancers need (7)_ lot of (8)_ exercise , so Sandy used to go to (9)_ gym two or three times (10)_ week. In (11)_ end she got (12)_ job in (13)_ theater company and because (14)_ actress. In (15)_ fact, (16)_ last week I saw her in (17)_ program on (18)_ TV.答案：1. A 2. a 3. a 4. / 5. the 6. / 7. a 8. / 9. the 10. a 11. the 12. a 13. a 14. an 15. / 16. / 17. a 18. /