1、GRAMMAR副词用法小结副词在句中主要作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词和全句等，有时也可作表语、定语或宾补。副词按其意义可分为时间副词、地点副词、频度副词、方式副词、程度副词。副词用法例句时间副词常见的时间副词有：already, before, early, later, finally, immediately, now, recently, yesterday, today, nowadays, tomorrow, shortly, soon, ago等。可以根据修辞需要置于句首、句尾和句中。Recently she seems to have been tired.You should
2、 have told me so before.The performance had already started when we arrived.地点副词常见的地点副词有：here, there, up, upstairs, downstairs, above, back, nearby, indoors, outdoors, aboard, down, in, outside, away等。多置于句尾。Theres a nice little cafe here.It was dark outside.The car is parked nearby.频度副词常见的频度副词有：alwa
3、ys, frequently, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, seldom, occasionally, never等。频度副词通常放在实义动词之前。若句中有情态动词、助动词或动词be，则放在这类动词（第一个）之后。Always lock your car whenever you leave it.Ive never seen such an interesting film.方式副词常见的方式副词有：carefully, happily, coldly, angrily, warmly, slowly, excitedly, patiently, p
4、olitely, badly, naturally等。You need to think carefully about which course you want to do.Ill happily make dinner if you want me to.程度副词常见的程度副词有：almost, deeply, entirely, quite, rather, very, much, nearly, perfectly, totally等。常放在被修饰词之前。Almost all of the students here are from South America.We re havi
5、ng rather cold weather for June.按功用，副词可分为连接副词、句子副词、解释性副词、疑问副词、关系副词、感叹副词。副词用法例句连接副词这类副词用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，如how, when, where, why；也可连接并列结构，如consequently, however, moreover, therefore, though, thus等。How I spend my free time is a private matter.I cant remember when I bought this.We increased the number
6、of staff and consequently the service is better.句子副词这类副词修饰整个句子，如actually, certainly, absolutely, obviously, really等。Actually, on second thoughts, I dont think I want to go out tonight.I certainly hope youre right.解释性副词如namely（即）, as。Only one boy is absent, namely Ben.疑问副词这类副词用来构成特殊疑问句，如how, where, w
7、hen, why。How does it work?Where do you live?关系副词这类副词用来引导定语从句，如when, where, why。Sunday is the only day when I can relax.感叹副词这类副词用来引导感叹句，如how, what。How well you look!What a big house!注意：there, here等副词位于句首时，如果谓语是表示位置移动的动词（如come, go），则用主谓倒装语序；如果主语是代词，则不必倒装。如：Here comes our new teacher.There it is: just
8、to the right of the library.句中同时出现几个副词，一般次序是：方式副词、地点副词、时间副词（时间副词也可置于句首）。【即学即练】I. 按照正确的语序将下列每组单词组成一个陈述句。1. always, gardening, loved, has, she_2. started, David, learn, to, language, a, new, totally_3. fully, can, understand, at, I, often, is, he, why, by, others, laughed _4. the, field, in, hard, the
9、y, were, working, afternoon, yesterday_5. every, goes, America, other, nowadays, Kate, to, year_6. times, has, Jack, been, several, this, to, London, year_7. to, dont, they, go, late, often, school_8. we, the, him, at, now, and, see, then, club_II. 选用方框内正确的副词完成下面短文。consequently, very, finally, much,
10、 immediately, where A shopkeeper drove his donkey to the market to buy salt. When they crossed a stream, the donkey was 1. _ tired and fell into the water.To the donkeys surprise, his load became 2. _ lighter. The shopkeeper took the donkey back to the market 3. _ he bought even more salt. When they
11、 reached the stream, the donkey fell into the water on purpose.The shopkeeper understood the donkeys trick 4. _. He returned to the market and bought sponges (海绵) instead of salt.When they reached the stream, the donkey used his trick again. 5. _ the sponges became heavy with water.“I hope youve lea
12、rned your lesson,” the shopkeeper said. “If you use a trick to avoid work, you will 6. _ end up with more work.”参考答案I. 1. She has always loved gardening.2. David started to learn a totally new language.3. I can fully understand why he is often laughed at by others.4. They were working hard in the field yesterday afternoon.5. Kate goes toAmericaevery other year nowadays.6. Jack has been to London several times this year.7. They dont often go to school late.8. We see him at the club now and then.II. 1. very 2. much 3. where 4. immediately 5. Consequently 6. finally