1、GRAMMAR过去完成时用法小结【语境展示】观察下面各组句子中过去完成时的用法，并加以总结。1. a. By the end of that year Henry had collected more than a thousand stamps.b. When we got there the basketball match had already started.2. a. Nancy had been in China for five years by the end of last year. b. I hadnt seen Emily since I left London.3.
2、 a. I had planned to go, but I didnt have time. b. We had thought to return early but they wouldnt let us go. c. I had meant to go on Saturday but have stayed on.4. a. It / This / That was the first time that I had driven a taxi. b. It / This / That was the third time that he had entered the house.c
3、. It was five years since her father had died.d. It was seven years since she had left school.e. Hardly had she begun to speak, when there was a shout from the back of the hall.【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子，我们可总结出：过去完成时可表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。（如第一组例句）过去完成时还可表示在过去某一时间之前已经开始并一直持续到那时的动作或状态。（如第二组例句）过去完成时有时表示一种未实现的愿望或
4、想法。有此用法的动词有plan, think, mean等。（如第三组例句）过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：It / This / That was the first / second / . time + that从句，从句中谓语动词常用过去完成时；It was +一段时间+ since从句，从句中谓语动词常用过去完成时；Hardly . when .，主句中谓语动词常用过去完成时。（如第四组例句）注意：使用过去完成时要有一个过去时间（T2）为参照点（不管是否有时间状语表达出来）， 过去完成时的动作发生或完成在这个过去时间参照点（T2）之前，即“过去的过去”。【即学即练】I. 用括号内动词的
5、正确形式填空。1. David said that he _ (learn) Chinese before.2. 3,000 tickets _ (sell) by now.3. By the time we got to the cinema, the movie _ (be) on for 20 minutes.4. The parents were happy to know that their son _ (win) the election.5. My grandfather _ (leave) Hong Kong for New York in 1998.6. It was th
6、e first time that I _ (visit) the Great Wall.7. When he _ (come) here next month, I will show him your picture.8. I _ (intend) to come over to see you, but I was too busy.II. 用括号内单词的正确时态完成下面短文。A cow and a fox went out to search for food together. They 1. _ (go) only a few miles before they saw a lio
7、n coming their way. They were both very frightened. The fox thought of a way of saving his own life, and went up to the lion and said in his ear, “I 2. _ (help) you get hold of the cow without the trouble of hunting him, if you let me go free.” The lion agreed, and the fox then led the cow by a hidd
8、en pit (坑), which some hunter 3. _ (dig) as a trap for wild animals, and the cow fell into it. When the lion saw that the cow 4. _ (catch) and couldnt get away, he turned his attention to the fox. He soon finished him off, and then went on to eat the cow.Betray (背叛) a friend, and youll often find you have destroyed yourself.参考答案I. 1. had learned / learnt 2. have been sold 3. had been 4. had won 5. left 6. had visited 7. comes 8. had intendedII. 1. had gone 2. will help 3. had dug 4. had been caught