1、语法专项训练(三)代词 高考体验 模拟演练 语法专项训练(三)代 词 代 词 none,no one,nothing,neither和no 1none“没人,没有任何东西”,既可指人,也可指物。none后可接of短语,常用来回答how many/much的问题。They were all tired,but none of them would stop to have a rest.他们都累了,但没有一个愿意停下来休息。(2009年高考上海卷)Wow!Youve got so many clothes!哇!你衣服真多啊!But none of them are in fashion now.
2、但是现在没一件跟上潮流。How many of you have seen the film?你们中有多少人看过这部电影?None(of us)一个也没有。2no one表“没有人,谁也不”,只指人,作主语时,后跟单数动词。常可用来回答who引导的问句。Who can answer the question?谁能回答这个问题?No one.没人。(2009年高考大纲全国卷)Charles was alone at home,with no one looking after him.查尔斯独自一个人在家,没有人照顾他。3nothing意为“没有东西”,一般回答what。(2010年高考江西卷)
3、Swimming is my favorite sport.There is nothing like swimming as a means of keeping fit.游泳是我最喜欢的运动,作为保持健康的方式,没有什么能比得上游泳了。4neither指“两个人或物中一个也不,两者都不”,表否定意义,作主语时谓语动词用单数。Neither of you is fit for the job.你们俩任何一个都不适合这项工作。5nonot aan可数名词单数not any不可数名词可数名词复数As a matter of fact,there is no such person as you
4、mentioned.事实上没有你提到的那样的人other,others,any other,the other,another 1other表示泛指,意为“另外的、其他的”,常与复数名词或不可数名词连用。Would you please make it some other day(another day)?改日做此事好吗?There are other ways to do this experiment.做这个实验还可以用别的方法。2others是other的复数形式,表示泛指,意为“别的人或物”,但不指全部。特指时在其前加定冠词;前面可加限定词以及数量词,常构成some.others.。
5、Some students are cleaning the classroom;others are playing on the playground.一些学生在打扫教室,另一些在操场上玩。3any other表示一个之外的其他任何一个,而不是两个之中的另一个。China is larger than any other country in Asia.中国比亚洲的其他国家都大。4the other表示两者中的另外一个。可单独使用,也可接单数名词。No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give wa
6、y to the other.因为双方都不愿意屈服,所以讨论中没有达成一致。5another常用于指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个”,泛指单数。可单独使用,也可后接名词。如果其后接复数名词,则表示“又、再、还”。This cap is too small for me.Show me another(one)这帽子太小了,给我看另外一顶。He will stay here for another 3 days(3 more days)他还要在这里呆三天。it,one,that 1it指代前面提到过的同一事物,they为其复数形式。Have you found your pen?你找到你的钢笔了吗
7、?No,I havent found it.还没有。(2009年高考四川卷)I like this house with a beautiful garden in front,but I dont have enough money to buy it.我喜欢这套前面有花园的漂亮房子,但是我没有足够的钱去买它。2one代替单数可数名词,表示泛指,ones为其复数形式。the one替代前面的单数名词,表示特指,其后往往带定语,the ones为其复数形式。I havent had a computer.I want to buy one next year.我还没有电脑,明年我想买一台。I
8、like this book better than the one I read last time.比起上次我读的那本书,我更喜欢这一本。These shoes are not good enough.Show me some better ones.这些鞋子不够好,再让我看一些更好的。【温馨提示】one替代前边的名词,是前边名词的同位语,前边名词若是特指,要用the one;若是泛指则用one。He is a kind student,one who always helps others.他是一个热心肠的学生,一个总是帮助别人的学生。He is the most excellent s
9、tudent,the one who wins the first prize.他就是那个最优秀的学生,那个赢得一等奖的学生。3that既可以替代特指的单数可数名词,也可以替代特指的不可数名词,若替代特指的单数可数名词时,相当于the one。The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Nanjing in winter.北京的天气在冬天要比南京的天气冷得多。Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.当你读故事书时,什么也比不上读到一个令
10、人吃惊的结尾而让人高兴。it的用法 1指代事物、动物、婴儿或未知的人。Look at the baby.Isnt it lovely?看那个小婴儿,它不可爱吗?Who is there?谁在那里?Its only me.我。2指天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。Its very cold today.今天很冷。Its twenty miles to the zoo.到公园有20英里路。3作先行代词代替不定式、v.ing形式、名词性从句,作形式主语或形式宾语。It felt funny watching myself on TV.在电视上看到我自己真是滑稽可笑。He didnt make it
11、 clear when and where the meeting would be held.他没有搞清楚在何时何地召开会议。Its no use arguing with him.同他争论没什么用。It is well known that China has the largest population in the world.众所周知,中国人口最多。4用作look,seem,appear,happen等词的主语。It seems that he lost his way.他好像迷路了。It happened that she was not at home when I called
12、.我打电话时,碰巧她不在家。5表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词,后面接it,构成固定结构,这类动词有enjoy,prefer,love,like,hate,dislike,appreciate等。I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand.如果你能帮我一把,我会很感激。I cant help it if he is always late.如果他总是迟到,我也没办法。As someone puts it,practice makes perfect.像某人所说的那样,熟能生巧。You may depend on it that they wil
13、l support you.你相信好了,他们会支持你的。代词的特殊用法 1人称代词单独使用时,一般不用主格而用宾格。Glad to meet you.见到你很高兴。Me,too.见到你我也很高兴。Susan,go and join your sister cleaning the yard.苏珊,和你姐姐一起去扫院子。Why me?John is sitting there doing nothing.为什么让我去?John正坐在那儿没事可做。2such指如前所述的这样的人或事物。此时,如果遇到a/an,such必须放在其前;如果遇到no,one,two,three,another,sever
14、al,some,many,all等词时,such必须置于其后。有时such之后可以加一个as,用以引出属于哪一类。He is not such a fool as he looks.他并不像看上去的那样愚蠢。Such is Elbert Einstein,a simple man with great achievements.这就是阿尔伯特爱因斯坦,一个简朴而又成绩卓著的人。All such problems have been solved already.所有这样的问题已被解决。(2009年高考辽宁卷)Such is the power of TVthat it can make a p
15、erson suddenly famous.这就是电视的力量,它能使人一举成名。3so作指示代词时,代替一个句子或短语所表达的事情。(1)在believe,think,expect,suppose,imagine,guess等词后,用so代替前文提出的观点。既可以用于肯定句,也可用于否定句。Will Tom come this evening?汤姆今晚会来吗?I think so./I dont think so./I think not.我想会的。/我想不会。(2)用于肯定的hope以及Im afraid后,代替前文提出的观点。Is it going to rain tomorrow?明天会下雨吗?I hope so./I hope not.(不用I dont hope so.)希望如此。/希望不会下雨。(3)在肯定句中,表示与上、下文相同的情况。He likes English,and so do I他喜欢英语,我也喜欢。高考体验 模拟演练 本部分内容讲解结束 点此进入课件目录按ESC键退出全屏播放谢谢使用