1、-1-单元重点小结-2-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 1.与其;不愿 would rather宁愿;or rather更确切地说 例如:He would make a living by selling vegetables rather than beg.他宁愿卖蔬菜为生也不愿乞讨。2.chat vi.&n.chat with sb.about sth.与某人聊某事;have a chat with sb.about sth.与某人聊某事 例如:They chatted about how to protect the environment.他们聊如
2、何保护环境。3.surround vt.surround.with.用把围住;be surrounded with/by被所包围/围住;surround oneself with和在一起,与为伍 例如:He likes to surround himself with pets.他喜欢与宠物在一起。rather than 聊天;闲聊包围;围绕-3-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 4.measure vi.&vt.测量;衡量;判定 n.计量制;计量单位;措施 take measures to do sth.;make.to ones measure按照某人的
3、尺寸做 注意:measure意为“某物长/宽/高为”时不能用于被动语态,也不能用于进行时态。例如:The tree measures 500 metres.这棵树有500米。5.settle down settle down to(doing)sth.开始认真做某事;settle on决定;settle in/into适应(新家、工作、环境等)例如:Five minutes later,they settled down to discussing how to settle the problem.五分钟后,他们开始认真讨论如何解决这个问题。采取措施做某事定居;平静下来;专心于-4-单元重点
4、小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 6.manage to do I can manage it.我能应付。注意:manage常与can,could,be able to等连用,表示“能够对付”。例如:I dont think I can manage a long walk today.我想我今天走不远。7.catch sight of lose sight of看不见;lose ones sight失明;come into sight进入视野,出现在眼前;out of sight看不见;in/within sight在视野内,看得见;at first sight初
5、见,乍看;at the sight of一看见 例如:Keep looking up,and you may catch sight of some unexpected animals.继续观察下去,说不定会看到意想不到的动物。设法做看见;瞥见-5-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 8.have a gift 有天赋 gifted=talented adj.有天赋的,有才华的 be gifted in=have a talent for有的天赋,有才能 例如:As you know,Jack has a gift for organizing partie
6、s.正如你所知道的那样,杰克有组织聚会的能力。9.mix vt.&vi.混合;调配 n.混合(物);混合状态 mix A with/and B把A和B混合/融合;mix with与混合;融合;mix up弄乱,弄混;混淆 例如:It is obvious that water and oil dont mix.很明显水和油不融合。for mixture-6-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 10.confirm vt.证实;证明;批准 It has been confirmed that.已经确定 confirm sb.in sth.使某人确信某事;n.确认
7、;证实;证明;批准 例如:I was told to conform the truth of the news.我被告知要证实消息的真实性。11.impress vt.使印象深刻;使铭记 adj.给人深刻印象的;感人的 impress sb.with给某人留下印象;be impressed with/by对印象深刻;impress sth.on/upon sb.使某人牢记某事,使某人明白某事的重要性confirmation impressive-7-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 1.all the way,theydecided to fly to V
8、ancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada.她们不想一路乘飞机,而决定先飞到温哥华,再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。2.People say it is Canadas most beautiful city,_ and the Pacific Ocean.人们说这是加拿大最美丽的城市,被群山和太平洋环抱。3.It is wet there the trees are extremely tall,some over 90 metres.那里的湿度很大,所以树都长得特别高,一些高达90多米。Rather
9、 than take the aeroplanesurrounded by mountains so thatmeasuring-8-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 4.Its too bad you cant go Ottawa,Canadas capital.很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。5.As they sat in a buffet restaurant the broad St Lawrence River,a young man sat down with them.当她们坐在一家自助餐厅里眺望广阔的圣劳伦斯河时,一个年轻人坐在了
10、她们的身边。as far as looking over-9-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 Noun clauses as the appositive同位语从句 1.There is no doubt prices of cars will go down.2.A saying goes practice makes perfect.3.His suggestion the meeting should be delayed was turned down.that that that-10-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考
11、拓展阅读 Direction方向 1.Where is.?在哪儿?2.In what direction is.?在哪个方向?3.How do you get to.?你怎么到达?4.How far is.?有多远?5.Is it nearby?它在附近吗?6.Is.close to.?离近吗?7.Is.far from.?离远吗?-11-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 Position位置 1.Its.kilometers from.to.从到有千米。2.Its within.kilometers of.距离在千米之内。3.Its about.kilom
12、eters northeast of.它位于东北千米处。4.It is close to.它离近。5.It is in the north/south/west/east of.它位于的北/南/西/东部(范围之内)。6.It is to the north/south/west/east of.它位于的北/南/西/东部(范围之外)。7.It is on the north/south/west/east of.它位于的北/南/西/东部(接壤)。Emotions情感 excited激动的,afraid害怕的,terrified恐惧的,worried担心的,tired疲惫的,pleased高兴的,
13、happy高兴的,impressed印象深刻的,surprised惊讶的,amazed吃惊的,satisfied满意的-12-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 短文改错做题技巧 解答短文改错时要遵循四个原则:改动以最少为原则;虚词以添加或删除为原则;实词以改变词形为原则;以不改动句意为原则。一、分析逻辑关系,把握全文时态基调。改错时要重点分析谓语动词的时态、语态。主要设错形式为现在时态与过去时态的误用,主动语态与被动语态的误用。做题时要把握全文时态基调,注意平行结构及主语与动词之间的逻辑关系,同时要注意主谓一致。错误类型为错词型,有时候也有多词情况,例如被动
14、语态时been的多余。-13-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读【例1】A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.剖析:telling told 这位妇女看见他哭然后告诉他在商店外面等待。故把telling改为told,told和动词saw是并列关系,时态要一致。【例2】Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become.剖析:去掉been 本题考查动词的语态。此处表示“研究表明”,应用
15、主动语态。故应将been去掉。【例3】My dream school look like a big garden.剖析:looklooks 本题考查主语和谓语在数上的一致性。本句的主语school是可数名词单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故应将look改为looks。-14-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 二、判断从句类型,注意连词之间的误用。短文改错对于连词的考查主要在于句子之间的关系、并列句的逻辑关系以及复合句中连词的作用。主要为“and,so,or与but”“that与what”等连词之间的误用。错误类型涉及多词、缺词和错词三种。【例4】Aft
16、er looking at the toy for some time,he turned around and found where his parents were missing.剖析:where that 或去掉where found后面是宾语从句,根据意思可知,这里指“他父母不见了”这个事实,故把where改为that,that可省略。【例5】Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year,but we have never had any disease or insect att
17、ack problems.剖析:去掉but或butyet。表示“虽然但是”时,不能把although和but连用,只能选用其中之一。但although可与yet连用。-15-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 三、判断谓语还是非谓语,检查非谓语动词形式的误用。主要考查动词-ing和不定式的误用、现在分词和过去分词的误用、动词不定式是否省略to等问题。错误类型涉及多词、缺词和错词三种。短文改错中常常把谓语动词误用作非谓语动词,或把非谓语动词误用作谓语动词,因此在解题时要多分析一个句子中会有多个谓语的情况,是否其中一个应为非谓语形式。【例6】After looks
18、 at the toy for some time,he turned around and found that his parents were missing.剖析:looks lookingafter后面的部分没有主语,而且looks的时态和全文不符,因此这里不能添加主语,要把looks改为非谓语动词looking。-16-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 四、考虑名词单复数,注意可数与不可数。若出现名词,主要考虑名词的可数与不可数问题、单复数问题。错误类型为错词型。【例7】Little Tony went to a shopping center
19、with his parent,butsoon his parents were missing.剖析:parentparents。由后文的“his parents were missing”可知,应将parent 改为复数形式。五、注意冠词考查类型,牢记冠词出错点。错误类型涉及多词、缺词和错词三种。出错点在a(n)与the的误用、a与an的误用、单数可数名词前冠词的缺失及误加冠词等方面。要牢记冠词用法,准确判断元音及辅音音素。【例8】He quickly walked into a shop.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait out
20、side a shop.剖析:athe 此处特指上文提到的商店,应将a改为the。-17-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 六、遵循一致性原则,注意代词形式的误用。主要考查形容词性物主代词指代的错误、不定代词之间的误用、反身代词之间的误用。代词主格与宾格的误用、代词单数与复数的误用、反身代词与宾格代词的误用等也会涉及。遵循一致性的原则,便可以很容易找到错误。错误类型以错词为主。【例9】We must found ways to protect your environment.剖析:yourour/the 本文讲述的是我们所生活的环境,而且主语是we,故把y
21、our改为our;也可以用定冠词特指上文提到的环境,故把your改为the。【例10】Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.剖析:themit 此处代词代替的是the school,故将them改为it。-18-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 七、分析句子成分,注意形容词与副词的误用。出题者往往从考生的汉语思维入手,即只考虑句意而忽视形容词与副词的作用。主要表现为:形容词与副词的误用,形容词、副词的原级、比较级、最高级之间的误用。在分析句子时尤其
22、要注意修饰性的词语在句中的作用,判断其词性,从而找出错误。错误类型为错词型。【例11】Global warming has already become a very seriously problem.剖析:seriouslyserious。本题考查形容词的用法。由a和 problem可知,此处应用形容词修饰名词。故应将seriously改为serious。-19-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 八、注意介词错误类型,考虑介词搭配。短文改错对介词的考查类型涉及多词、缺词和错词三类。主要涉及在及物动词后接宾语时多加介词和在不及物动词后少加介词,介词的固定搭
23、配以及介词的基本用法。判断时要着重观察动词后的介词以及介词的搭配是否正确。【例12】Unfortunately,on the development of industrialization,the environment has been polluted.剖析:onwith 表示“随着”,通常用介词with,with thedevelopment of“随着的发展”,应将on改为with。【例13】Tony saw a toy on a shop window.剖析:onin 玩具应该是在橱窗里面,故应将on改为in。-20-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展
24、阅读【文章导语】加拿大两名学生将一个乐高小人送上24千米高的近太空,并成功拍摄到1500多张太空影像。这让他们兴奋不已。In January 2012,two seventeen-year-old Canadian students,MathewHo and Asad Muhammad,put a LEGO man in the Earths upper atmosphere(高层大气).The two worked on the project every Saturday for four months.Theydecided to spend no more than$500.They
25、bought a weather balloonthe kind of balloon that scientists use to get information about the weather.They bought some helium(氦气).Then,they made a parachute(降落伞).They bought three second-hand cameras and a video camera.They made a very light box to hold the cameras and a cell phone with a GPS.The GPS
26、 was to let them follow the balloon on its trip.They fixed the parachute and the box to the weather balloon.Then they added a LEGO man carrying a Canadian flag.Theydidnt want the wind to blow their balloon out of Canada and into the US,so they waited for the right wind conditions.-21-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句
27、型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读 Then one Saturday morning,the weather was just right.The boys hurried to a football field and worked quickly.They turned on the cameras and the cell phones GPS,filled the balloon with helium and let it go.They watched the GPS signal on Mathews iPad.After a while the GPS signal st
28、opped and the boys went home.About ninety minutes later,the signal started again.The LEGO man was coming back to the Earth!The boys found him in a field 122 kilometers away.When they saw the video movie and the 1,500 photographs,they shouted with excitement!The LEGO man had traveled up about 24 kilo
29、meters.Behind him,the pictures showed the curve(曲线)of the Earth and the blackness of space.-22-单元重点小结 重点词汇 重点句型 重点语法 功能 走进高考 拓展阅读【理解诱思】1.What did the boys do to avoid the LEGO man flying into the US?参考答案:They waited for the right weather.2.How did the boys feel when they saw the pictures?参考答案:Cheerful.3.Which words can best describe the boys?参考答案:Creative and smart.