1、选修六 Unit 4Global warming写得准用得活积得多1.random adj.胡乱的；任意的2.range n. 种类；范围3.average adj. 平均的4.subscribe vi. 同意；捐赠；订阅 vt. 签署(文件)；捐助5.catastrophe n. 大灾难；浩劫6.electrical adj. 电的；与电有关的7.circumstance n. 环境；情况8.refresh vt. 使恢复；使振作9.advocate vt. 拥护；提倡；主张10.pollution n污染；弄脏pollute vt.污染11.tendency n倾向；趋势tend vi.趋
2、向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理12.oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposed adj.反对的；对立的13.consequence n结果；后果；影响consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的consequently adv.因此；所以14.state vt.陈述；说明statement n说明；说法；表白 15.existence n生存；存在exist vi.存在16.contribution n贡献contribute v贡献；撰稿17.consume vt.消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完consumer n顾客18.phenomenon n现象phenomena
3、pl.现象用所给词的适当形式填空1.At first he was opposed (oppose) to the scheme, but we managed to argue him into accepting it.2.In consequence (consequent) of your bad work I am forced to dismiss you.3.Waste water from the factory is the main cause of the pollution (pollute)4.It was stated that the president made
4、 a_statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.(state)5.They have contributed a lot of food and clothing to the refugees (难民) so far and their contributions will certainly help the refugees live through the winter.(contribute)6.Many people do not believe the existence of the gho
5、sts. Some young children doubt whether there exist all kinds of ghosts in the world.(existence)7.The storm tends to hit our city, and we will observe the tendency of it closely.(tend)8.The air conditioners of this type consume too much electricity. Many consumers complain about this.(consume)1.“普通的”
6、形容词种种average平均的；普通的common 常见的；普通的normal 正常的；普通的ordinary 平常的；普通的2.与“灾难”有关的名词集锦catastrophe 大灾难disaster 灾难earthquake 地震flood 洪灾tsunami 海啸drought 旱灾survivor 幸存者victim 受难者3.与“电”有关的单词荟萃electrical adj. 电的；与电有关的electricity n. 电；电流electric adj. 电的；电动的electronic adj. 电子的electrics n. 电学electrician n. 电工；电学家4.名
7、词变复数的不规则变化phenomenonphenomena现象mediummedia媒体crisiscrises危机criterioncriteria标准datumdata数据bacteriumbacteria细菌写得准用得活积得多e_about发生；造成2.subscribe_to 同意；赞成；订购3.quantities_of 大量的4.go_up 上升；增长；升起5.result_in 导致6.be_opposed_to 反对；与对立7.even_if 即使8.keep_on 继续9.on_the_whole 大体上；基本上10.on_behalf_of 代表一方；作为的代言人11.pu
8、t_up_with 忍受；容忍12.so/as_long_as 只要13.and_so_on 等等选用左栏短语填空1.The traffic accident resulted from the drivers carelessness, resulting_in the death of 3 people.2.With the house prices going_up,_more and more people cant afford an apartment.3.It is the teacher as well as the students who subscribes_to the
9、 idea that we should do something for the poor old man.4.We are still wondering how it came_about that the experiment ended in failure.5.What I cant put_up_with is that he never cares about others feelings.1.“bev.edto”结构的短语面面观wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.be opposed to反对be attache
10、d to 附属于；喜欢be accustomed to 习惯于be addicted to 沉溺于be devoted to 奉献；致力于be sentenced to 被判处2.“动词up with”结构的短语一览put up with忍耐；忍受；熬过keep up with 与同步；跟上(强调状态)catch up with 跟上(强调动作)end up with 以结束come up with 提出；想出背原句记句式会仿用1.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer .毫无疑问，地球正在变暖There is no doubt
11、that .“毫无疑问”，that引导同位语从句。毫无疑问，你们提供的交流生活动非常有意义。There_is_no_doubt_that the exchanging student program offered by you is very meaningful.2.Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温
12、室气体的含量，在未来几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。even if/though “即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。尽管我们都尽最大的努力去说服Dean，但是他依然拒绝参加这场比赛。Dean still refused to join in the game, even_if/though_we_all_did_our_best to persuade him.3.It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it if not, turn it off！只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着，如
13、果不用就把它关掉！so/as long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句。只要我们不失去信心，继续努力，我们一定能克服困难，实现目标。So/As_long_as_we_dont_lose_heart and keep on trying, we are sure to get over difficulties, and achieve our aims.1oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量经典例句She remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.(牛津P1209)她仍然强烈反对移居国外。(1)oppose (on
14、es) doing sth.反对(某人)做某事(2)opposed adj. 反对的；对立的be opposed to (ones) doing sth. 反对(某人)做某事(3)opposite n. 相反的人或事物 adj. 相反的；对立的Many old men oppose cutting (cut) down the 100yearold tree for rebuilding a shopping center.许多老人反对为重建一个购物中心而砍掉这棵百年老树。Strangely, Mr. Green, also opposed (oppose) to the new policy
15、, made no remark in the discussion.令人奇怪的是，格林先生在讨论中没作任何评论，他也是反对这项新政策的。Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the opposite (oppose)(2013四川高考书面表达)良好的习惯总是产生较高的效率，而坏的习惯则相反。名师指津(1)oppose后跟表示动作的词作宾语时，后面要用动名词形式。be opposed to结构中，to是介词，其后也要用动词的ing形式。(2)表示反对的其他表达：disagree with, object
16、 to, be against 等。2range n种类；范围；幅度；界限v.(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列高考佳句In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting friends.(2013辽宁高考书面表达)除了这些传统的活动外，我们有多种选择，比如旅游、访友等活动。(1)a wide range of一系列in/within range 在射程以内；在范围内beyond/out of range 在射程外；在范围外bey
17、ond/out of ones range 某人能力达不到的(2)range from .to . 在范围内变动；包括由到之间的各类事物range between .and . 在和范围内变动It is important for students to make the most of their different learning environments and acquire a_wide_range_of knowledge.对于学生来说，充分利用不同的学习环境，广泛涉猎知识，这十分重要。The price of the house is so high that it is we
18、ll beyond/out_of_our_range.这栋房子的价格太高了，远远超过了我们能承受的范围。He has a number of interests, ranging (range) from playing chess to swimming.他的爱好很多，从下棋到游泳。3average adj.平均的；普通的；平常的 n平均数；一般水准v.平均为；计算出的平均数教材原句The greenhouse effect gives the earths surface the average temperature of 15.温室效应导致地球表面的平均温度达到15。(1)an ave
19、rage of平均有(后跟数词)(2)on (the) average 平均起来above/below (the) average 在平均水平以上/以下(3)average out 算出平均数Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, an_average_of 40,000 per year.去年毕业时就有驾照的学生数量已达到二十万，平均每年四万。Last year was the warmest year on record, with global tempe
20、rature 0.68 above_(the)_average.(2015重庆高考单选)去年是有史以来最暖和的一年，全球温度比平均值高出0.68 摄氏度。On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.美国平均每年有800场龙卷风，导致约80人死亡，1 500人受伤。4advocate vt.拥护；提倡；主张n.提倡者；拥护者教材原句However, I still think people should advocate improvemen
21、ts in the way we use energy today.然而，我依然认为人们应该提倡改进我们今天这种使用能源的方式。advocate sth./doing sth.主张(做)某事advocate that .(should) do sth. 主张；提倡做某事an advocate of 的提倡者Many experts advocate rewarding (reward) your child for good behaviour.很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。Others advocated that we (should)_encourage (encourage)
22、more and more people to wear traditional clothes.另外一些人主张我们应该鼓励越来越多的人穿传统服装。5quantity n量；数量；数目教材原句The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.当我们向空气中排放大量的多余的二氧化碳的时候，问题就开始了。(1)a (large) quantity of大量的quantities of 许多的；大量的in quantity 大量的(2)quality n. 质量As f
23、ar as Im concerned, it is quality_rather_than_quantity that really counts.就我个人而言，重要的是质量而不是数量。Before the exam, I spent a_large_quantity_of_time in preparing for it. Otherwise, I wouldnt have succeeded in passing the exam.(2014四川高考书面表达)在考试前，我花了大量的时间做准备。否则，我不会成功地通过考试。As a result of destroying the fores
24、ts, a large quantity of desert has_covered (cover) the land.由于破坏了森林，大量的沙漠覆盖了陆地。名师指津“a quantity of 名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而“quantities of 名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。.基础点全练单句语法填空/补全句子1With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are_being_washed (wash) away each year.2(2011天津高考单选)He was a good stude
25、nt and scored above average in most subjects.3I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar faces among the audience.4There is a tendency (tend) for people to work at home instead of in offices.5Most of the students interviewed last week opposed having (have) classes on Sunday.6He gave me some
26、 explanations of these space phenomena (phenomenon)7My teacher always reminds me that under no circumstances should_I_abandon_my_learning_goals (我应该放弃我的学习目标) once I set them.8The Chinese government advocates that we (should)_live_a_lowcarbon_lifestyle (应该过低碳生活方式).重难点多练range面面观(1)单句语法填空He is the mana
27、ger, hiring and firing are_within the range of his responsibilities.The price of the car ranges from 20,000 dollars to 30,000 dollars, which is beyond his range.The listeners are mostly middle school students, ranging (range) from 12 to 18.(2)补全句子如果你参加我们的夏令营，你将有多种选择开拓你的视野。If you take part in our sum
28、mer camp, youll have_a_wide_range_of_choices to broaden your horizons.阅读词汇专练根据语境选出动词subscribe的词义(A)订阅(B)签署(文件)(C)赞助；定期捐款 (D)同意1I was unwilling to subscribe to the contract, but it seemed that I had no choice._B_2Dont go and ask for her idea about our plan. Never will she subscribe to it for the trip
29、._D_3Id like to subscribe to some magazines useful for our work._A_4They subscribe to the Hope Project, which aims to help children return to school._C_1result in导致教材原句They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还赞同下述观点：
30、正是由于越来越多的燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。result from由造成；因而产生as a result 结果as a result of 由于的结果without result 没有结果；白费The number of cars is increasing very rapidly, thus resulting (result) in some social problems.小汽车的数量在迅速增加，结果导致了诸多社会问题。As we all know, his success resulted from his hard work.众所周知，努力工作使他取得了成功。The exa
31、m was of vital importance for me; as_a_result,_I had no choice but to completely focus on my study.(2013山东高考写作)这次考试对我来说非常重要，因此，我别无选择只好集中全部精力学习。2put up with容忍；忍受教材原句We do not have to put up with pollution.我们没有必要忍受污染。put aside 节省；储蓄；储存put away 收起来put forward 提出建议；把向前拨put off 延期；推迟put out 熄灭；扑灭put thro
32、ugh 接通电话put up 建造；张贴；供给住宿I can put_up_with the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean.(2011新课标全国卷单选)我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。We are trying to put_aside some money every month for our vacation.我们正尽量每月存些钱以供度假用。He decided that he would drive back to town instead of putting_up for the night at
33、the hotel.他决定开车回镇上，不在旅馆过夜。联想发散表示“容忍；忍受”的词语还有哪些？stand,_tolerate,_bear等。3It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as you are using it if not, turn it off!只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！so/as long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句。 as long as还可表示“与一样长”。This proves that so/as_long_as_we_have_a_strong_will,_wel
34、l be able to get over any difficulty.(2014山东高考满分作文)这证明了只要我们有坚强的意志，我们就能够克服任何困难。Dont mind what others say so_long_as_we_are_confident_in what we have done.(2012北京高考书面表达)只要我们对所做的事情有信心就不要介意别人的话。辨析比较as long as, as well as, as far as, as good as试一试选用上述短语填空We as_well_as Tom went to Hainan to spend our holi
35、day.As_far_as I am concerned, I am strongly against the plan.A distant relative is not as_good_as a near neighbour.You can borrow my car as_long_as you promise not to drive too fast.(2012江西高考单选)辨一辨短语原意引申义as long as与一样长只要as well as与一样好也；和as far as远及到就而言；至于as good as与一样好几乎.基础点全练1单句语法填空How did it come
36、about that you were an hour late on such a short trip?The oil price has gone up again and many car owners begin to complain again.Please keep on doing (do) what you are doing now.As long as Id done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night.There is no doubt that the proposal he put forward
37、 at the meeting is unacceptable.2短语替换(每空一词)He will have to find some other work, for he cant stand this loud noise any more.He will have to find some other work, for he cant put up with this loud noise any more.Any honest man will object to such a policy.Any honest man will be opposed to such a poli
38、cy.3运用所学短语完成下列语段On_average (平均起来), every person in the United States consumes 65pound beef every year, but quantities_of (大量的) carbon dioxide are given off in producing beef, resulting_in (导致) a wide range of environmental problems. We should be_opposed_to (反对) this kind of activity. So/As_long_as (
39、只要) we make joint efforts, all these problems will be solved.重难点多练result相关短语多棱镜选词填空result in， result from， as a result， as a result ofThere is more and more noise pollution. As_a_result,_many species are dying out.As_a_result_of more and more noise pollution, many species are dying out.More and more
40、 noise pollution has resulted_in many species dying out.The fact that many species are dying out results_from more and more noise pollution.单句语法填空1Weve seen an enormous growth (grow) in the number of businesses using the Web.2There is a sum of money subscribed to the relief fund.3The magician picked
41、 several persons at random from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.4In the past, only in country areas did people tend to_believe (believe) that boys were smarter than girls, which was great prejudice against girls.5Advocated (advocate) by many wellknown experts and film st
42、ars, the product was very popular at one time.6Quantities of money have_been_spent (spend) in bringing up the children since they were married.7The water recreation centre provides a variety of activities, ranging (range) from swimming to diving.8Pleasant music is often played between classes to mak
43、e students refreshed (refresh) and relaxed for a while.9We should do our work well to make contributions (contribute) to our future, our society and our nation.10Success is not final and failure is not fatal; it is the courage to continue that_counts.单句改错1There is some doubt that their football team
44、 will win the match.thatwhether2I have never subscribed the view that school days are the happiest days of your life.subscribed后加to3He tends to losing his temper if you dont obey the rule.losinglose4At present, a large quantity of food and water are needed in the earthquakehit area.areis5Opposing to
45、 the plan of raising prices, the public decided to go on strike on Sunday.OpposingOpposed6Circumstance permitting, Ill go abroad to study.CircumstanceCircumstances.用本单元所学知识完成下列写作训练(一)依据提示补全短文Every day I walk along the Pearl River, I can always see lots of rubbish such as plastic bags, litter, fruit
46、peels and_so_on (等等) floating on the river. There is no denying the fact that it is the rubbish that results_in (导致) the dirty water in the Pearl River. As we can see, many people keep_on (继续) throwing rubbish even_if (即使) we call to protect the environment every day.I wonder how this sort of bad ha
47、bit happens. On_the_whole (总的来说), I am strongly opposed to and cant put_up_with (忍受) the behavior of this kind. On_behalf_of (代表) those who take good care of the environment, I would like to say so/as_long_as (只要) we can behave ourselves and start from ourselves to protect the earth, we can create a
48、 beautiful environment.(二)按要求将词汇句式升级1用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词或短语(1)lots ofquantities_of/a_quantity_of(2)happenscomes_about2按要求改写句式(1)用doubt句式改写句There_is_no_doubt_that it is the rubbish that results in the dirty water in the Pearl River.(2)用分词作状语改写句On the whole, strongly opposed_to_the_behavior_of_this_kind,_I cant put up with it.