1、湖南株洲第二中学2022-2023学年上学期教学质量检测高一英语试题第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInternational Summer Program: Spiderman at Hoyts Cinema CarouselJoin us for an afternoon of superheroes as you watch Spider-Man: No Way Home at Hoyts, and catch up with other Curt
2、in international students also staying in Perth over the summer break.Schedule 1 pm: Students arrive at Hoyts, sign in and purchase any food or drink that they would like. 1:30 pm: The film begins! 4 pm: The film concludes, and students leave the cinema.As Curtin has paid part of the cost of the fil
3、m, the reduced student ticket is $10. If you would like any food or drink, please bring additional money to purchase it.This activity is only available to international students who have applied for a course at Curtin University now.Places are limited so book your spot now! Please use your Curtin st
4、udent email to register for the event.Important Information By signing up for this activity, you declare that you are a Curtin international student over the age of 18 and have read the information above. You also agree to:* Declare all your medical or accessibility requirements that organizers must
5、 be aware of and inform the organizers if you have any illnesses or injuries on the day.* Behave according to the Curtin Student Charter (章程) and accept that going against the Charter may result in your removal from the activity. If youre under 18, please call 9266 3954 for further information on ho
6、w to proceed.1Who is the activity targeted at?AInternational students in Perth.BStudents desiring to attend Curtin University.CStudents loving superhero movies.DCurrent Curtin international students.2Which of the following might result in disqualification?ABeing under the age of 18.BFailing to follo
7、w the Charter.CBringing food and drink privately.DRegistering with Curtin email addresses.3What is the text?AA film review.BAn admission notice.CA theatre programme.DAn activity announcement.BSpace is dangerous. But human innovation has allowed people to explore this deadly environment for decades.
8、Within the protection of a space station, astronauts have enough air, food and water to complete missions of a year or longer. But missions to further reaches of space are a different matter. Establishing a base on the moon or sending humans to Mars seems just on the horizon. That can only happen if
9、 innovative and safe ways are developed.One company, Interstellar Labs, believes they have created a system that can solve the food problem. They have developed an advanced system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space. They call their artificial intelligence (AI) managed greenhouses BioPods,
10、and they are designed to be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water needed to produce food by 99 percent. That is not an impossible claim. BioPods dont use any soil to grow plants, and the vast majority of water is recycled.Plants are grown
11、inside BioPods using aeroponics, the practice of hanging plants in the air and spraying a mist of nutrient-rich water on their roots. According to Interstellar Labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than traditionally grown plants, using only a small amount of water.The condit
12、ions inside of a BioPod are controlled by AI, which can change anything from the lighting to the temperature and humidity. This improves growing conditions no matter what the environment is, including the emptiness of space.The BioPods can be built in almost any environment. The pods structure is ma
13、de with a 3D printer using raw materials in liquid form. This means that a BioPod could be built right on the surface of the moon or Mars, making transporting a large structure unnecessary.4Which word can replace the underlined phrase “on the horizon” in paragraph 1?AStrange.BDoubtful.CEasyDApproach
14、ing.5What can we learn about a BioPod?AIt is the name of a company.BIt is a modern greenhouse.CIt has been widely used in space.DIts 3D-printed with solid materials.6What is an advantage of BioPod-grown plants?AThey make the most of soil.BThey dont need any nutrients.CThey are of higher production.D
15、They arent strict about conditions.7What is the text mainly about?AThe application of AI in agriculture.BHumans efforts in space exploration.CThe methods of improving food output.DGrowing food in space pods to feed astronauts.CIf youve spent any amount of time boating, fishing, or bird-watching at l
16、akes and rivers, you have most likely seen fishes jumping out of the water. I have seen it many times. Certainly, fishes will exit water in desperate attempts to escape enemies. Dolphins take advantage of the behavior, forming a circle and catching the frightened fishes in midair. But just as we may
17、 run fast from fun or from fear, different emotions might motivate fishes to jump.Mobula rays（蝠鲼）arent motivated by fear when they throw their impressive bodiesup to a seventeen-foot wingspan (the distance from the end of one wing to the end of the other) and a ton in weightskyward in leap（跳跃）of up
18、to ten feet. They do it in schools（鱼群）of hundreds. They usually land on their bellies, but sometimes they land on their backs. Some scientists think it might be a way of removing parasites（寄生虫）. But I think that the rays are enjoying themselves.In the clear waters of Floridas Chassahowitzka National
19、 Wildlife Refuge, I watched several schools of fifty or more mullets（鲻鱼）moving in beautiful formation. Their well-built bodies were most evident when they leaped from the water. Most of the time I saw one or two leaps by a fish, but one made a series of seven. They usually land on their sides. Each
20、jump was about a foot clear of the water and two to three feet in length.Nobody knows for sure why the fish leaps. One idea is that they do it to take in oxygen. The idea is supported by the fact that mullets leap more when the water is lower in oxygen, but is challenged by the likelihood that jumpi
21、ng costs more energy than is gained by breathing air. It is hard to imagine they will feel any fresher when back in water.Might these fishes also be leaping for fun? There is some new evidence. Gordon M. Burghardt recently published accounts of a dozen types of fishes leaping repeatedly, sometimes o
22、ver floating objectssticks, plants, sunning turtlefor no clear reason other than entertainment.8What can we say about the dolphins in Paragraph 1?AThey have great escaping skills.BThey are easily frightened.CThey are very clever.DThey love jumping.9What do the ray and the mullet have in common when
23、jumping?ABoth do it in groups.BBoth land on their bellies.CBoth jump many feet out of water.DBoth make leaps one after the other.10How does the author feel about the idea mentioned in Paragraph 4?AIt is valuable.BIt is interesting.CIt is imaginative.DIt is questionable.11Which may be the reason for
24、fish leaps according to the author?ATo remove parasites.BTo amuse themselves.CTo take in more oxygen.DTo express positive emotions.DRevealed to the world by the famous British explorer, Dr David Livingstone, in 1855, the Victoria Falls are one of Africas best-known natural wonders. They form a natur
25、al border between Zimbabwe (津巴布韦) and Zambia (赞比亚).The falls are named after Queen Victoria by Livingstone. They were known to the native people in the 18th century as: the smoke that thunders. The waterfall is formed as the two-kilometer-wide Zambezi River spills (溅) over the edge of its giant ston
26、e riverbed and falls into the gorge (山谷) below. At their highest point, the Victoria Falls drop a distance of 108m, almost twice as far as the Niagara Falls. As much as 546 million cubic meters of water per minute falls over the edge from that height.Viewing the falls from the Zambian side means tha
27、t visitors can follow a path that goes right up to the falls. The falls can also be viewed from the Boiling Pot, right in the depths of the gorge at the bottom of the falls. The 111-meter-high Victoria Falls Bridge, a railway crossing, is now a popular place for Bungee jumping. It can be crossed on
28、foot for excellent views of the falls and the winding blue-green waters of the Zambezi River. It is also possible to see the falls from a plane.The area around the falls is a major game-viewing place. The best time to view the Victoria Falls is between December and July, when the water level is the
29、highest. Contact Addresses Tourist Centre, Livingstone, Zambia Tel: (03) 321 404E-mail: zntbzamnet.zm Website: 。12The author of the passage is likely to be _.Aa government officerBa tourist guideCa travelerDa teacher13According to the passage, we know that the Victoria Falls _.Aare the best place to
30、 enjoy Bungee jumpingBdrop twice as far as the Niagara FallsCare a man-made wonder in AfricaDwere discovered by a British man14How many ways did the author mention to view the falls?A2.B3.C4.D5.15The purpose of the passage is to _.Aintroduce a famous natural wonder the Victoria FallsBtell us the dis
31、covery of the Victoria FallsCshow how the Victoria Falls are formedDadvise travelers to come to the Victoria Falls第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。Literature is the body of written works produced by scholars and researchers, who specialize in a given field. W
32、hy is literature important? Lets see. Literary works are descriptions of the thinking patterns and social criteria. Theyre a description of the different aspects of common peoples life. _16_ They also encourage imagination and creativity. Exposing oneself to good literary works is like providing one
33、 with the finest educational opportunities. On the other hand, the lack of exposure to good literature is equal to depriving(剥夺)one of the opportunity to grow. Some of the great literary works provide society with the guiding principles of life. Works by poets like Homer, Plato, Sappho, Horace and m
34、any more are timeless. _17_ The Lord of the Rings, The Godfather, A Tale of Two Cities, and James Bond series are some of the best-selling books of all time that have entertained several generations. There are also great works in childrens literature. Amused by the stones they tell, kids associate t
35、hemselves with these books characters and idealize some of them. Moral stories are an aid for parents and teachers to let the kids learn important lessons in life. Aesop, Enid Blyton, and Mark Twain are some of the most widely popular childrens authors. _18_True, languages are the building blocks of
36、 literature. But the study of literature cannot be restricted to only studying languages. _19_ A degree in language and literature perhaps cant provide one with everything literature can offer. Its scope(范围)is so deep and wide that even a lifetime may not be enough to really study literature. _20_ G
37、reat literary and poetic works help a person take a closer look at the different aspects of living. In many ways, literature, in its different forms, can change ones attitude towards living.ALiterature helps understand life.BLiterature has an effect on health and wealth.CThey have enriched the child
38、hoods of so many.DClassical literary works serve as food for thought.EIn fact, literature cant be limited to an educational course.FThey have always amused their readers and will continue to.GInstead, literature lays the foundation of a wealthy life, adding “life” to “living”第二部分语言运用 （共两节，满分 30分） 第一
39、节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When an infectious disease broke out and supermarket shelves were _21_, Daniel and Nancy decided they no longer wanted to _22_ others for food. The couple decided to start a year-long _23_ where they wouldnt buy a single thing to ea
40、t. _24_, they would grow, raise or catch everything.Daniel said, “It is something that we have wanted to do. When the disease _25_, it gave us that extra _26_. At that time we were both _27_, and that gave useven more motivation to see if we could _28_ ourselves.” The pair built a house for chickens
41、 and ducks and studied online about where they would get all the things they needed. Daniel adds, “We had to learn so many new things like how to grow mushrooms and _29_ salt from the ocean.”“Now after five months, they both feel well but Daniel _30_ the first few weeks were difficult as their bodie
42、s adjusted to _31_ coffee, wine and sugar all on the same day,” he says. “After three weeks our desires for them _32_ and now we feel great.” Now February has come to a(n) _33_. As they survive winter, they feel _34_ about continuing with this way of living, with their challenge _35_ ending in Augus
43、t.21AdustyBfirmCemptyDfull22Alook forBcome acrossCfall behindDrely on23AchallengeBcharityCconstructionDresearch24ANeverthelessBInsteadCThereforeDBesides25AwentBdroppedCfailedDhit26AburdenBpushCdebtDexcuse27AunemployedBunconcernedCoccupiedDconfused28AguaranteeBprotectCfeedDcontrol29AsupplyBsaveCinven
44、tDharvest30AarguesBadmitsCdoubtsDdenies31AquittingBdemandingCchangingDconsuming32AreturnedBreducedCexistedDdoubled33AheadBstopCendDpoint34ApositiveBhesitantCregretfulDbored35ArarelyBinstantlyCmerelyDofficially第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Climate Change Requires The
45、 Worlds AttentionThere is little doubt that Earth _36_(get) warmer and warmer. In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear which appeared to have starved and died. This _37_(alarm) case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact _38_Earths ecology.Climate sci
46、entists often mention a key climate process _39_(call) the “greenhouse effect”, _40_has two common meanings. Without the “natural” greenhouse effect, Earth could not sustain life. However, the “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem because more heat energy _41_(trap) in the atmosp
47、here, causing Earths surface temperature to rise quickly.There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and _42_(nature) disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. Climate scientists have warn
48、ed that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will _43_(probable) continue and there will be a higher price _44_(pay).Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our
49、 “carbon footprint”. It is our _45_(responsible) to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts.第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分）46假定你是李华，现在正在英国留学。为鼓励学生加强体育锻炼，你们学校将于近期举办一次远足活动，你对此很感兴趣。请你用英语给相关负责人写一封邮件，询问有关情况。内容包括：1.活动的具体时间；2.对体质(fitness)的要求；3.关
50、于住宿(accommodation)的问题。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_第二节（满分25 分）47阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。The e-mail request came into Ekiben restaurant late on a Thursday afternoon in March. Brandon Jones, the man who sent the e-mail didnt actually want the food himelf. He was writing on behalf of hi
51、s mother-in-law, Shirley, who loved the broccoli（西兰花）dish with fresh herbs and cucumber vinegar. He went on to explain that she was now in the final stage of lung cancer at her home in Vermont and that he was hoping to get the recipe（烹饪法）to make it for her there. Steve Chu, one of the restaurants co
52、-owners, read the e-mail and quickly replied, Thanks for reaching out, he wrote. Wed like to meet you in Vermont and make it fresh for you.Brandon was shocked. I emailed back, saying, You do know that this is Vermont were talking about, right? says Brandon. But Chu responded, No problem. You tell us
53、 the date, time and location and well be there.For the past six years, every time Shirley visited Baltimore, the first place she wanted to go was Ekiben so she could order that dish. She loves that broccoli, and I really wanted her to have it one more time, Brandon says.She had always told us, When
54、Im on my deathbed, I want to have that broccoli, recalls Brandons wife, Rina Jones. That Friday after work, a day after receiving Brandons e-mail, Chu loaded his truck with a hot plate and a cooler and then headed for Vermont with his business partner, Ephrem Abebe, and an employee. They stayed over
55、night in a tent and drove the next day to the small town where Shirley lived.As soon as Chu and his team pulled into the parking lot, they got to work. They pulled down the gate of the pickup, fixed the hot plate on the trucks power port, and started cooking and deep-frying. In addition to broccoli,
56、 they made tofu with peanut sauce and fresh herbs and some steamed rice. After neatly boxing everything up, they knocked on their customers door.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。Go ahead and answer, Rina told her mother._The Joneses invited Chu and his team to join them for dinner._参考答案1D2B3D本文
57、是应用文。文章介绍了一项面向在科廷大学就读的国际学生的假期活动。1细节理解题。根据Schedule部分“This activity is only available to international students who have applied for a course at Curtin University now.（这项活动仅适用于申请科廷大学课程的国际学生。）”可知，该活动针对的是科廷大学的在读国际学生。故选D。2细节理解题。根据Important Information部分中的“going against the Charter may result in your remo
58、val from the activity.（违反章程可能会导致您退出活动。）”，违反科廷大学学生章程的行为可能导致你被取消活动资格。故选B。3推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是文章标题“International Summer Program: Spiderman at Hoyts Cinema Carousel（国际暑期节目：霍伊茨电影院旋转木马的蜘蛛侠）”及第一段内容“Join us for an afternoon of superheroes as you watch Spider-Man: No Way Home at Hoyts, and catch up with other C
59、urtin international students also staying in Perth over the summer break.（在Hoyts观看蜘蛛侠：回家无路的同时，与我们一起度过一个超级英雄的下午，并在暑假期间与其他同样留在珀斯的科廷国际学生见面。）”可知，本文主要介绍了一项面向在科廷大学就读的国际学生的暑期活动，应该是一则活动公告。故选D。4D5B6C7D这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了利用先进的温室BioPod，可以给宇航员提供生存用的食物。4词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“That can only happen if innovative and safe way
60、s are developed.”（只有开发出创新和安全的方法，才能做到这一点。）提到了在月球上建立基地或者送人类到火星上的成功的条件，说明现在的这种条件还没实现，因而可推测，划线词所在句的含义为“在月球上建立基地或者送人类到火星上（的成功的条件）正在接近实现”，approaching“正在临近的”，符合题意，故选D。5细节理解题。根据第二段中“They have developed an advanced system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space. They call their artificial intelligence (
61、AI) managed greenhouses BioPods, and they are designed to be very efficient. ”（他们已经开发出一种先进的系统，可以在任何地方种植植物，甚至在太空中。他们把自己的人工智能(AI)管理的温室称为“BioPods”，而且设计得非常高效。）可知，BioPods是新研发的一种先进的温室系统。故选B。6细节理解题。根据第三段中“According to Interstellar Labs, BioPod-grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than tradition
62、ally grown plants, using only a small amount of water.”（根据星际实验室的数据，BioPod种植的植物比传统种植的植物多产300倍，只需要少量的水。）可知，利用先进的温室BioPod种植的作物产量高。故选C。7主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Space is dangerous. But human innovation has allowed people to explore this deadly environment for decades. Within the protection of a space station,
63、astronauts have enough air, food and water to complete missions of a year or longer. ”（太空很危险。但是人类的创新已经让人们探索这个致命的环境几十年了。在空间站的保护下，宇航员有足够的空气、食物和水来完成一年或更长时间的任务。）提到了人类在探索太空中，空间站可以为宇航员的生存提供根本的保障。第二段中“One company, Interstellar Labs, believes they have created a system that can solve the food problem. They
64、have developed an advanced system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space. They call their artificial intelligence (AI) managed greenhouses BioPods, and they are designed to be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water needed to produce f
65、ood by 99 percent. ”（一家名为星际实验室的公司相信他们已经创建了一个系统来解决食物问题。他们已经开发出一种先进的系统，可以在任何地方种植植物，甚至在太空中。他们把自己的人工智能(AI)管理的温室称为“ BioPods”，而且设计得非常高效。事实上，星际实验室声称BioPods可以将生产食物所需的土地和水资源减少99% 。）讲述了一家名为星际实验室的公司研发了一个先进的温室系统 BioPods，这个系统的优越性是可以将生产食物所需的土地和水资源减少99%）；第三段中“According to Interstellar Labs, BioPod-grown plants are
66、 up to 300 times more productive than traditionally grown plants, using only a small amount of water.”（根据星际实验室的数据，BioPod种植的植物比传统种植的植物多产300倍，只需要少量的水。）可知，利用先进的温室BioPod种植的作物产量高。和下文对BioPod的优越性的说明，本文主要讲述了利用先进的温室BioPod，可以给宇航员提供生存用的食物。故选D。8C9A10D11B这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了鱼为何要跃出水面，一些人认为是因为情绪的激发和要去除寄生虫，但作者认为它们可能是为了享受快
67、乐。8推理判断题。由第一段中的“Dolphins take advantage of the behavior, forming a circle and catching the frightened fishes in midair.”（ 海豚利用这种行为，围成一个圈，在半空中抓住受惊的鱼。）可知，海豚能够巧妙地吃掉跃出水面的鱼，说明它们很聪明。故选C项。9细节理解题。由第二段中的“They do it in schools（鱼群）of hundreds.”（ 蝸鲼成群跳跃。）和第三段中的“I watched several schools of fifty or more mullets
68、（鲻鱼）moving in beautiful formation.”（ 我看到几个由50只或更多的鲻鱼组成的鱼群以美丽的队形移动。）可知，蝠鲼和鲻鱼都是成群地跳跃。故选A项。10推理判断题。由第四段中的“It is hard to imagine they will feel any fresher when back in water.”（ 很难想象当它们回到水里时会感觉更新鲜。）可知，作者认为第四段提到的猜想是值得怀疑的。故选D项。11推理判断题。由第二段中的“But I think that the rays are enjoying themselves.”（ 但我觉得它们很享受光线
69、。）和最后一段中的“Gordon M. Burghardt recently published accounts of a dozen types of fishes leaping repeatedly, sometimes over floating objectssticks, plants, sunning turtlefor no clear reason other than entertainment.”（Gordon M.Burghardt最近发表了一系列关于十几种鱼类反复跳跃的报道，有时是在漂浮的物体上，树枝，植物，晒海龟，除了娱乐之外，没有其他明确的原因。）可知，作者认为
70、鱼跃出水面可能是为了享受快乐。故选B项。推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。如在第1小题中，第一段中的“Dolphins take advantage of the behavior, forming a circle and catching the frightened
71、 fishes in midair.”，是已知部分，通过结合原文进行合理地逻辑判断，可以得出海豚能够巧妙地吃掉跃出水面的鱼，说明它们很聪明。故选C项。12B13D14C15D试题分析：本文介绍了一个自然奇观维多利亚瀑布（Victoria Falls）。12B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后的内容Contact Addresses Tourist Centre, Livingstone, Zambia Tel: (03) 321 404E-mail: zntbzamnet.zm Website: 。可知这篇文章的作者应该是一名导游。故选B。13D推理判断题。根据文章第一句Revealed to
72、the world by the famous British explorer, Dr David Livingstone, in 1855, the Victoria Falls are one of Africas best-known natural wonders.可知，维多利亚瀑布是一位英国的探险家发现。故选D。14C推理判断题。根据第四段对于看维多利亚瀑布的介绍，有如下几种方法Viewing the falls from the Zambian side；The falls can also be viewed from the Boiling Pot；It can be cro
73、ssed on foot for excellent views of the falls；It is also possible to see the falls from a plane.故答案为4种，选C。15A写作目的题。通读全文很明显可看出，本文介绍了一个著名的自然奇观，从最后一句 Contact Addresses Tourist Centre, Livingstone, Zambia Tel: (03) 321 404E-mail: zntbzamnet.zm Website: 给出的旅游中心的地址，电话和联系方式可看出这可能是一位导游写的，通过这样的介绍想吸引游客来参观维多利亚
74、瀑布，故答案为D。考点：考察广告布告类短文阅读。对于写作目的题，一定要在理解全文意义的基础上找到文章中的关键信息句子。比如这篇文章通读全文很明显可看出，本文介绍了一个著名的自然奇观Victoria Falls，这样的话小题35很容易选择错误的答案A，但是从最后一句 Contact Addresses Tourist Centre, Livingstone, Zambia Tel: (03) 321 404E-mail: zntbzamnet.zm Website: 给出的旅游中心的地址，电话和联系方式可看出这可能是一位导游写的，通过这样的介绍目的是想吸引游客来参观维多利亚瀑布，故答案为D。16
75、D17F18C19E20A这是一篇说明文，文章解释了为什么文学如此重要。16根据空后一句“They also encourage imagination and creativity.(它们还鼓励想象力和创造力。)”中的关键词also可知，空处也是描述文学的作用，D项“经典文学作品是思想的食粮。”符合语境。故选D项。17根据本段首句“Some of the great literary works provide society with the guiding principles of life.(一些伟大的文学作品为社会提供了生活的指导原则。)”可知，此处是描述文学作品对社会的影响，空前
76、一句“Works by poets like Homer, Plato, Sappho, Horace and many more are timeless.(荷马、柏拉图、萨福、贺拉斯等诗人的作品是永恒的。)”列举了一些伟大的作家的作品，空处应是接着描述他们作品的影响力，F项“它们总是逗乐读者，并将继续这样做。”符合语境，F项中的They指代前一句中的Works。故选F项。18根据本段首句“There are also great works in childrens literature.”可知，本段是介绍儿童文学的影响，空前一句“Aesop, Enid Blyton, and Mark
77、Twain are some of the most widely popular childrens authors.(伊索、伊妮德布莱顿和马克吐温都是最受欢迎的儿童文学作家)”列举了一些儿童文学作家，C项“他们丰富了许多人的童年。”符合语境，与本段儿童文学主题一致，C项中的They指代前一句中的“Aesop, Enid Blyton, and Mark Twain”。故选C项。19根据空前一句“But the study of literature cannot be restricted to only studying languages.(但是文学研究不能仅仅局限于语言研究。)”及空
78、后一句“A degree in language and literature perhaps cant provide one with everything literature can offer.(一个语言文学学位也许不能提供文学所能提供的一切。)”可知，文学范围很广，不能仅限于语言研究，E项“事实上，文学不能局限于一门教育课程。”与此处语意一致，符合语境。故选E项。20空处位于句首，是段落主题句，结合本段内容“Great literary and poetic works help a person take a closer look at the different aspect
79、s of living. In many ways, literature, in its different forms, can change ones attitude towards living.(伟大的文学和诗歌作品可以帮助人们更深入地观察生活的各个方面。在很多方面，文学，以其不同的形式，可以改变一个人的生活态度。)”可知，本段讲述文学对生活的影响，A项“文学有助于理解生活”符合语境。故选A项。21C22D23A24B25D26B27A28C29D30B31A32B33C34A35D本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是当面对在超市无法购买到食物的困境时，Daniel和Nancy这对夫妇决定
80、自己制作食物，挑战一年不购买东西吃。21考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. dusty布满灰尘的；B. firm坚固的；C. empty空的；D. full满的。由上文的“When an infectious disease broke out”及常识可知，传染病爆发时超市的食物被抢购一空。故选C项。22考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. look for寻找；B. come across偶遇；C. fall behind落后；D. rely on依
81、靠。由后文的“they wouldnt buy a single thing to eat”可知，他们决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。故选D项。23考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇决定开始一项为期一年的挑战，他们不买任何东西吃。A.challenge挑战；B.charity慈善；C. construction建设；D. research研究。由后文的“where they wouldnt buy a single thing to eat”可知，不买任何东西吃，这对他们来说当然是一种挑战。故选A项。24考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们会种植、饲养或捕捉一切。A. Nevertheless然而；B
82、. Instead相反；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides另外。根据上文“The couple decided to start a year-long 3 where they wouldnt buy a single thing to eat.”和下文“they would grow, raise or catch everything.”可知，上下文是相反的做法。故选B项。25考查动词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. went去；B. dropped下降；C. failed失败；D. hit袭击。根据第一段的“When an infectious
83、 disease broke out”可知，此处表示疾病来袭，空格处是“袭击”。故选D项。26考查名词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. burden负担；B.push推动力 ；C.debt债务；D. excuse借口。由后文的“gave us even more motivation”可知，疾病来袭给了他们额外的动力。故选B项。27考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A.unemployed失业的；B. unconcerned不关心的；C. occupied忙于的；D. confused困惑的 。根据第一段的“W
84、hen an infectious disease broke out”可知，传染病爆发，两个人都失业了。故选A项。28考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A. guarantee保证；B. protect保护；C. feed喂养，养活；D. control控制。由上文的“they wouldnt buy a single thing to eat. 4 , they would grow, raise or catch everything”可知，他们失业了，他们想看看自己是否能养活自己。故选C项。29考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须学习
85、很多新东西，比如如何种植蘑菇和从海洋中收集盐。A. supply供应；B. save救；C. invent发明；D. harvest收集，收获。由后文的“salt from the ocean”可知，是从海里收集盐。故选D项。30考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体要适应在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A. argues争论；B. admits承认；C. doubts怀疑；D. denies否认。由后文的“the first few weeks were difficult”可知，丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难。故选B项。31考查动词词义辨析。句
86、意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体要适应在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A.quitting戒除 ；B. demanding要求；C. changing改变；D. consuming消耗。由后文的“coffee, wine and sugar”可知，这些东西是他们生产不出来的，所以得戒掉。故选A项。32考查动词词义辨析。句意：三周后，我们对它们的需求降低了，现在我们感觉很好。A. returned回来 ；B. reduced降低；C. existed存在；D. doubled加倍。由上文的“their bodies adjusted to 11 coffee
87、, wine and sugar”以及下文“now we feel great”可知，他们要习惯戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖，现在感觉很好了，由此可知，他们对这些东西的需求降低了。故选B项。33考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在二月已经结束了。A. head头；B. stop停止；C. end结束；D. point点。由后文的“they survive winter”可知，二月已经结束了，come to an end意为“结束”。故选C项。34考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. positive积极的，乐观的；B. hesitant
88、犹豫的；C. regretful后悔的；D. bored无聊的。由上文的“they survive winter”和后文的“about continuing with this way of living”可知，他们度过了冬天，所以对继续这种生活方式持乐观态度。故选A项。35考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. rarely稀少地；B.instantly立即地；C. merely仅仅；D. officially正式地。由“ending in August”可知，挑战将在8月正式结束。故选D项。36is getting37a
89、larming38on#upon39called40which41is trapped42natural43probably44to pay45responsibility这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球变暖已成趋势，而其造成的后果的不仅危害了自然界的动植物，也危害了人类自己。因此我们有责任抓住每一个机会，让每个人都了解全球变暖及其原因和影响。36考查时态。句意：毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖。分析可知，所填动词为从句谓语动词，用现在进行时表“发展趋向”这一含义。从句主语为第三人称单数，用“is doing”结构。故填is getting。37考查形容词。句意：这一令人担忧的案例表明，气温升高
90、对地球生态产生了影响。分析可知，空处应用形容词修饰空后名词“case”，作定语，意为“令人担忧的”。故填alarming。38考查介词。句意：这一令人担忧的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了影响。“have an impact on/upon sth”，固定短语，意为“对有影响”。故填on/upon。39考查非谓语动词。句意：气候科学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两个共同的含义。分析可知，所填动词为非谓语，后置定语修饰名词climate process，动词“call”与其之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填called。40考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意：气候科学家经
91、常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两个共同的含义。分析可知，“_5_ has two common meanings”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a key climate process，指物，且在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。41考查时态和被动。句意：然而，“人为”温室效应现在已经成为一个大问题，因为更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。分析可知，所填动词为从句谓语动词，结合语境时态为一般现在时，动词“trap”与主语“more heat energy”之间为被动关系，主语为第三人称单数，用一般现在时被动语态结构：is done。故
92、填is trapped。42考查形容词。句意：有强有力和全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致全球极端天气和自然灾害的增加，不仅造成严重破坏，还造成了人员伤亡。分析可知，形容词作定语修饰空后名词“disasters”。“nature”，名词，意为“自然”，其形容词形式为“natural(自然的)”。故填natural。43考查副词。句意：气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖趋势可能会持续下去，我们将付出更高的代价。分析可知，副词作状语修饰动词“continue”。“probable”，形容词，意为“可能的”，其副词形式为“probably(很可能，或许)”。故填probably。44考
93、查动词不定式。句意：气候科学家警告说，如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖趋势可能会持续下去，我们将付出更高的代价。分析可知，所填动词应是动词不定式作后置定语，表“将要，被动”含义。故填to pay。45考查名词。句意：我们有责任抓住每一个机会，让每个人都了解全球变暖及其原因和影响。分析可知，“our”为形容词性物主代词，作定语修饰名词，因此所填应是名词。“responsible”，形容词，意为“负责的”，其名词形式为“responsibility(责任)”，结合语境用单数形式。故填responsibility。46One possible version： Dear Sir or Madam,
94、Hearing a hiking trip will be organised by our school, Id like to request more details about it.First, it is said that the hiking will be held in the near future. Id like to know the exact date. Second, Id like to know if there are any special requirements such as a level of fitness. My last questio
95、n is about accommodation. I understand that for some parts of the journey when well be camping, well share a tent with others. Can you tell me whether this is also the case for when well be staying in hotels?Thank you in advance for providing further details. Im looking forward to hearing from you.Y
96、ours sincerely, Li Hua本文是应用文。要求考生你给学校相关负责人写一封邮件，询问有关于近期举办一次远足活动的情况。【详解】1.词汇积累询问：request/ask想要：would like to/want2.句式拓展简单句变复合句简单句：Id like to know the exact date.拓展句：Id like to know when it will happen exactly.【点睛】【高分句型1】First, it is said that the hiking will be held in the near future.（由that引导的主语从句）【
97、高分句型2】Second, Id like to know if there are any special requirements such as a level of fitness. （由if引导的宾语从句）【高分句型3】I understand that for some parts of the journey when well be camping, well share a tent with others. （由that引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句）【高分句型4】Can you tell me whether this is also the case for
98、 when well be staying in hotels? （由whether引导的宾语从句和when引导的宾语从句）47Possible VersionGo ahead and answer, Rina told her mother. No sooner had Shirley opened the door than she was attracted by the familiar smell. With her mouth widely open, she recognized Chu and his coworkers immediately and kept saying,
99、 I cant believe that you drove all the way up here to cook for me! So happy and touched was she that she couldnt contain herself. As for Chu, he was glad to see his loyal customer.The Joneses invited Chu and his team to join them for dinner. They thanked them but said they needed to get back. Chu al
100、so refused to take any money from the family. It was an honor to help fulfill the familys wishes, Chu said. Rina was happy that her mother was able to enjoy her beloved broccoli with remarkable kindness one last time. On seeing her mother crying about their generosity, Rina burst into tears as well
101、and said, Ill carry that positive memory with me forever.本文以人物为线索展开，主要描述巴尔的摩（Baltimore，巴尔的摩市，也译作巴的摩尔市，美国马里兰州最大城市，美国大西洋沿岸重要海港城市）Ekiben饭店收到了一封来自于Brandon Jones的邮件，他说他的岳母Shirley，已经到肺癌晚期了，但是很想吃Ekiben饭店的一道菜配有新鲜蔬菜和黄瓜醋的西兰花。于是，Ekiben饭店的的合伙人之一Steve Chu带着设备，跟合伙人Ephrem Abebe和一个员工就去了佛蒙特州(Vermont，美国东北部新英格兰地区一州)，为
102、Shirley做了她想吃的西兰花和其它几样菜品，然后敲开了她的家门。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“去开门。”可知，第一段可描写Shirley打开门后看到Steve Chu他们时的情况。由第二段首句内容“Joneses一家人邀请Chu和他的团队跟他们一起吃晚饭。”可知，第二段可描写他们邀请一起吃晚饭之后的场景。2.续写线索：Shirley开门看到熟悉的饭菜和Chu很激动邀请一起吃晚饭Chu他们拒绝Shirley一家人很感谢Chu他们3.词汇激活行为类辨认出：recognized/pick out 实现梦想：fulfill ones wishes/realize ones dream情绪
103、类高兴：happy/glad 感动：touched/moved【点睛】【高分句型1】No sooner had Shirley opened the door than she was attracted by the familiar smell.（由No soonerthan引导的部分倒装结构）【高分句型2】I cant believe that you drove all the way up here to cook for me!（由that引导的宾语从句）【高分句型3】So happy and touched was she that she couldnt contain herself.（由sothat引导的部分倒装结构）