1、Section Grammar现在完成时Module 4 A Social SurveyMy Neighbourhood语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句1.Its been six years since we last saw each other,you know.2.And this is the first time Ive visited your hometown.3.You know,Ive seen quite a lot of China and Ive visited some beautiful cities,but this is one of the most att
2、ractive places Ive been to.4.Theyve put up a lot of highrise buildings recently.5.Up to now,Ive understood everything the teachers said.语 境 自 主 领 悟后自主感悟1.由例句1、2、3、4、5可知，现在完成时的构成：_。2.由例句1可知，现在完成时可与_引导的时间状语从句连用。3.由例句4、5可知，现在完成时可与时间状语_等连用。4.由例句3可知，_表示“曾经去过”；have/has gone to 表示“已经去了某地，去而未归”。has/have过去分词
3、since recently,up to now have/has been to 语 法 精 要 点 拨 一、现在完成时的用法 1表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与 recently,before,lately,just,already,yet,so far,up to now,till now,in the past/last years,these days 等时间状语连用。The Browns have visited a lot of places in China so far.迄今为止，布朗一家已经游览了中国的许多地方。He has been there three
4、times in the last few years.近几年他去过那里三次了。2表示动作或状态过去已经开始，持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去)。常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用如：for一段时间，since过去时间点，since then,ever since,up to now,so far 等。Mr.Wang has worked in this factory since he came to this city.自从来到这个城市，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。Prices have fallen sharply over the past six months.在过去的六个月里，价格急剧下
5、降。3在时间、条件状语从句中可用现在完成时表将来。Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.直到公交车停下才能下车。As long as you have cleaned all the windows,you are allowed to play.只要你把所有的窗户擦完，你就可以玩了。名师点津 在肯定句中，非延续性动词如 come,go,leave,borrow,buy,die,join 等的完成时不能与时间段连用，若要接时间段状语，则应换成相应的延续性动词或状态动词。但在否定句中，非延续性动词的完成时可与时间段连用。I have bought a
6、 new car for two weeks.()I have had a new car for two weeks.()我买了这辆新车已经两周了。即时演练 1 完成句子 我们从很小就是好朋友。We _ since we were very young.我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。We _ when to discuss the problem again.他在这个城市住了三年了，并且交了许多新朋友。He _ for three years,and he _ have been friends havent decided has lived in the city has made
7、 a lotof new friends 二、现在完成时的常用句型 1It is/has been一段时间since一般过去时，表示“自从以来多久了”It is/has been 3 years since I published my first book.自从我出版第一本书以来已经三年了。It is/has been three years since he smoked.他戒烟已有三年了。2This/It is the first/second.time(that)现在完成时，表示“这是某人第一/二次做某事”It is the first time that Tom has visite
8、d China.这是汤姆第一次访问中国。3在“This is the形容词最高级名词that 从句”结构中，that 从句要用现在完成时态。This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。名师点津 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别(1)现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，落脚点是现在，不与表示过去某一具体的时间状语连用，如 yesterday,last时间名词，时间名词ago 等。(2)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在的情况没有关系。与表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday,last year,
9、in the past,ago 等。He has lived in Beijing for four years.他在北京住了四年了。(可能刚搬走，也可能继续住下去)He lived in Beijing for four years.他在北京住过四年。(现在已经不在那里住了)即时演练 2 单句语法填空 It has been a long time since I _(hear)from him last time.It is the second time that he _(join)in the discussion about how to deal with the problem
10、.This is the most interesting party that I _(enjoy).heard has joined have enjoyed 语 法 应 用 落 实.单句语法填空 1Since 2011,the country _(grow)more corn than rice.2While regularly eating out seems to _(become)common for many young people in recent years，its not without a cost.3Chinas high-speed railways _(grow
11、)from 9，000 to more than 30，000 kilometers in the past few years.has grown have become have grown 4I _(read)half of the English novel，and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.5 Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement _(reach)so far by the two sides.have read has been reached 6How much do yo
12、u know about the 3rd China International Import Expo held in Shanghai?Well，the media _(cover)it in a variety of forms.7When I first met Bryan I didnt like him，but I _(change)my mind.has covered have changed.单句改错(每小题仅有一处错误)1This is the first time I come to Shanghai._ 2I have known her since we are ch
13、ildren._ 3This is one of the most attractive places that I travelled to._ 4So far this year our team had won every match._ 5Although I have gone to Nanjing twice,I still want to go there a third time._ come前加have arewere travelled前加have hadhas gonebeen 6In the past two years,our school had organized
14、 many activities._ 7The three of us have traveled around Europe for about a month last summer._ 8You kept the book since last week,so I hope you can return it as soon as possible._ hadhas 去掉have kept前加have 9He is a professor of Beijing University.He has studied in America for four years._ 10Whatever the result is,we should accept it with a smile,because we had tried our best._ 去掉has hadhave Thank you for watching!