1、Unit 6 Space and beyond突破语法大冲关 情态动词一、情态动词的基本用法(1)观察例句1The police still have not found the lost child，but they are doing all they can.2Our daughter could walk when she was nine months old.3Accidents can happen on such rainy days.4We may go to the cinema tonight，but we are not sure yet.5That might be
2、our taxi but I doubt it.6I could do it now，if you like.7Must I give up smoking?8Did she have to pay a fine?归纳用法1表示能力：(1)can 表示现在的能力(如例 1)；(2)could 表示过去的能力(如例 2)。2表示推测：推测即可能性(如例 3例 6)。3表示必要性：(1)must 表示主观上的必要性(如例 7)；(2)have to表示客观上的必要性(如例 8)。名师点津表示推测的情态动词的用法比较(由强到弱)：情态动词肯定式否定式疑问式 must必定，必然/should按说应该应
3、该不会/ought to按说应该应该不会/can/不可能有可能吗？could微弱的可能不可能语气比 can 弱may或许，也许，也说不定可能不/might比 may 还弱比 may not 还弱/即学即练 1 用适当的情态动词填空An experienced teacher also make mistakes.You mistake their car；It has got a bright red line all over it.He be the wanted man.Hes exactly like the one in this picture.I run faster than
4、you.The question was so hard that he not answer it.I go to the dentist tomorrow.cancancantmusthave tocould二、情态动词的基本用法(2)观察例句1What shall we do this weekend?2The candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.3He should be here on time he started early enough.4You can
5、stay here as long as you can,if you will.5She will listen to records alone in her room for hours.6When he was abroad,he would read as many books as possible.7I didnt know whether he dared say that to him.8If she wants anything，she need only ask.归纳用法1shall 表示征求意见(如例 1)和宣布法律、规定(如例 2)。2should 意为“按说应该”，
6、表示推测(如例 3)，相当于 ought to。3will 表示主语的意志、意愿(如例 4)及用来叙述目前的习惯(如例 5)。4would 用来叙述过去的习惯(如例 6)。5dare 有时态的变化(如例 7)。6need 无时态的变化(如例 8)。名师点津1shall 还可表示说话者给对方的命令、指示或允诺You shall have a new dress for your birthday.你生日会有一条新的裙子。2should 还可表示“(义务上的)应该”，在语气上比 must(必须)弱。I should go and visit him this afternoon,but I won
7、der if I will be free.今天下午我应该去看望他，但我不知道我是否有空。3will/would 还可表示请求、建议，主语为第二人称，would 在语气上更委婉。Will/Would you go with me?你愿意和我一起去吗？4would 和 used to 都可表示过去的习惯，但前者表示过去反复的动作，常与 every day,often,frequently 等连用；后者表示过去的状态或过去的习惯，但现在已不存在。She doesnt get up so early as she used to.她不像以前那样起得那么早了。5dare 作情态动词时，还可用于条件状语
8、从句中If you ever dare call me that name again，youll be sorry.如果你敢再叫我那个名字，你将会后悔。即学即练 2 用情态动词填空 we order some coffee?He not go through the woods.I dont know why you think that I did it.I still remember my happy childhood when my mother take me to Disneyland at weekends.you send this letter for me，please
9、?wouldShalldareshouldWill三、情态动词的特殊用法表示对过去的推测观察例句1She could have gone out with some friends.2It must have rained last night，for the road is quite muddy.3He might have missed the train.4Where can she have put it?5Its too late.I think he may have gone to bed.归纳用法1must have done sth.表示“(过去)一定做了某事”；语气比较肯
10、定；用于肯定句(如例 2)。2may have done sth.表示“也许已经做了某事”(如例 5)，may not have done sth.表示也许还没做某事。3might have done sth.表示“过去可能/也许做了某事”；语气不确定；用于肯定句(如例 3)。might not have done sth.表示过去也许没做某事。4could have done sth.表示“过去可能做了某事”(如例 1)，could not have done sth.表示过去不可能做了某事。5can have done sth.表示“疑虑或惊讶”，用于疑问句(如例 4)，其否定形式为 ca
11、nt/cannot have done sth.。即学即练 3 完成句子The boy(可能已经知道了事实)，but I am not quite sure.Go and ask him about it.He(不可能忘了)it.Dont worry.Your father(也许伤得不严重)Shes not here.She(准是走了)cant/cannot have forgottenmay have known the truthmust have left alreadymay not have been hurt seriously四、情态动词的特殊用法表示与过去事实相反观察例句1I
12、neednt have taken the umbrella，for the weather is fine.2I could have worked out the problem，but I was too nervous.3You might have given him more help，though you were busy.4Sorry to hear that you had a bad fall.You should have been more careful.5Im sorry.I shouldnt have lost my temper.归纳用法1could have
13、 done sth.表示过去本可以做某事但实际上没做(如例 2)。2neednt have done sth.表示过去本不必做某事但实际上做了(如例 1)。3should have done sth.表示过去本应该做某事但实际上没做(如例 4)，可与 ought to have done 换用。4shouldnt have done sth.表示过去本不应该做某事但实际上做了(如例 5)。5might have done sth.表示过去也许可以做某事但实际上没做(如例 3)。即学即练 4 完成句子We(本来可以面对)the difficulty together，but you didnt
14、tell me.You(本来不必工作)that late last night.The deadline is tomorrow afternoon.You(本应该来)to the conference yesterday.The pills(也许可以对他有帮助)but he didnt take them regularly.neednt have workedcould have facedmight have helped himshould have come.单句语法填空1It is generally cold and dry here in autumn，but sometime
15、s，italso be warm and rainy.2Who it be that left the door unlocked?It might be Mike.He is always forgetting things.3Where is Lily，Lucy?I can not find her anywhere.She have been off long.I saw her clean the window just now.can/could cantcan4Where is Amy?I am not sure.She be in the laboratory.5Mum，can
16、I go on a holiday with my classmates this summer holiday?OK.You have a chance if you get along well with your studies.6I thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away.might/maycantshall7If you will stay here longer，you may.But youleave before this weekend.8He not make this mistak
17、e，for he had been reminded several times.9You worry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes.10The children(get)lost in the woods；otherwise，they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.neednt mustshouldmust have got.短文语法填空China has become the first country to land a spa
18、cecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Change-4 probe(探测器)the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 1.(touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.Landing on the moons far side is 2.(extreme)challenging.Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a
19、probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3.it could send touchedwhereextremelysignals to the spacecraft and to Earth.The far side of the moon is of particular 4.(interesting)to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山)，more so 5.the familiar near side.Chi
20、nese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change4 6.(find)and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists，”Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brown University，says，“because interestto findthanit 7.(mean)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8.(construct)”Data about the moons composition，such as how 9.ice and other treasures it contains，could help China decide whether 10.(it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.muchmeansis constructedits点击右图进入 课 时 分 层 作 业 Thank you for watching!