1、第4讲 Robots 语法篇_1.掌握各个时态的被动语态的结构与用法；2.能够熟练运用被动语态解题造句。一. 含义与构成1. 被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作，也就是说，主语是谓语动作的承受者。谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。2. 构成：be + 过去分词 (be有时可用become 或get代替), be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。3. 被动语态的各种时态形式有：一般时态：be + 过去分词现在过去将来过去将来is/ am/ are donewas/ were donewill/ shall be donewould/ should be doneEnglish is
2、 spoken in many countries. Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare. Many believe that one day the earth will be destroyed if people do not learn to live in peace. 进行时态：be + being + 过去分词现在过去将来过去将来is/ am/ are being donewas/ were being donewill/ shall be being donewould/ should be being doneHis pla
3、n is being carried out successfully. The new curtains were being hung when the visitors showed up. The car will be being cleaned by my brother. 完成时态：have + been + 过去分词现在过去将来过去将来have/ has been donehad been donewill/ shall have been donewould/ should have been doneIve been robbed. The outcome of the e
4、lection was announced before all of the votes had been counted. Everything will have been done by the end of this month. 二. 用法1. 强调动作的承受者：Frank was hit by a car. A new idea has been suggested. 2. 说话者不知道动作的执行者，或者认为没有必要指出：This bridge was built in 1700. The house is being repaired. 3. 说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观，
5、避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态：此类通常为表示据说或相信 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成，如： It is said that据说；It is reported that 据报道；It is believed that大家相信；It is hoped that大家希望； It is well known that 众所周知 It is said that Japans industrial progress after the w
6、ar was very remarkable.1. (2019北京)Did you enjoy the party? Yes,we_ by our hosts. A.were treatedB.would be treatedC.treatedD.had treated 答案: A 解析: 试题分析：句意：你喜欢这个聚会吗？是的，我们的主人很好的招待了我们。根据上一句中的did可知用一般过去时；且we和treated是动宾关系，用被动语态。空中应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。2. (2019重庆) In my hometown, there is always a harvest suppe
7、r for the farmers after all the wheat_ cut. A. will have been B. will beC. WasD. has been 答案: D 解析: 试题分析：句意：在我的家乡，麦子丰收过后农民会有一个庆祝晚餐。现在完成时表示动作已经完成，才会举行庆祝活动，故选D项。3. (2019天津) Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement_ so far by the two sides. A. has been reachedB. was reachedC. will reachD. wil
8、l have reached 答案: A 解析: 试题分析: 句意: 尽管之前多轮谈判，但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。根据句中的时间状语so far“到目前为止”可知用现在完成时。主语agreement与reach为被动关系，根据句意可知选A。4. (2019四川) More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. A. are being builtB. will be builtC. have been builtD. had been built 答案: B 解析: 试题分析: 考查时态。本句为时态题，根据时
9、间状语soon可知，考查了将来时，故选择B。句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。5. (2019福建) To my delight, I from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. A. was chosen B. was being chosenC. would chooseD. had chosen 答案: A解析: 试题分析: 考查时态和语态。根据句意：让我高兴的是，我从成百上千的参加者中被选中参加开幕式。可以知道这里应该是被动语态，又因为被选中是过去发生的事情，这里只是对过去发生的事情的一般描述，
10、故用一般过去式，故选A。基础演练1. This coastal area _ a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names2. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _.A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made3. The church tower which _ will be open to to
11、urists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored 4. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the words _.A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped 5. It is reported that many a new
12、 house _ at present in the disaster area.A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built Key: 1-5 A CDAD 巩固提高6. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money making jobs they _ before they leaving their hometowns.A. promised B. were promised C. have promi
13、sed D. have been promised 7. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _ at the culture show of the 2019 Shanghai World Expo.A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibiting D. is being exhibiting8. Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you.A. will
14、 expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected9. If city noises _ from increasing, people _ shout to be heard even at dinner. A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to 10. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelli
15、gence, are _and perfected now. A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed 11. - _ the sports meet might be put off. - Yes，it all depends on the weather. A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told 12. I need one more stamp before my collection _. A. has c
16、ompleted B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed 13. Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in thenear future. A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut 14. The new suspension bridge _ by the end of last month. A. has been designed B. had
17、 been designed C. was designed D. would be designed 15. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been brokenKey: 6-10. DCDAC 10-15ADCBC1. I should be very much like to have gone to the party, but I _.A. am not invited B. am not be
18、ing invitedC. shall not be invited D. was not invited 2. -How are things going?- The disabled _ no relatives in Guangzhou _ by the volunteers, who will graduate from Zhongshan University next year. A. with; are taking care of B. have; will be taken care of C. with; are being taken care of D. have; a
19、re being taken care of3. The attackers were arrested and didnt know where they _.A. would take B. are taken C. were being taken D. will be taken4. People begin to know that most environmental problems exist because necessary measures for preventing them _ in the past.A. are not taken B. were not tak
20、en C. hadnt been taken D. wouldnt be taken 5. -My car _ twice this month.- Im sorry to hear that. A. has been broken in B. was broken in C. has been broken into D. was broken into 6. Our game of basketball _. We had been playing for about half an hour when it started to rain heavily.A. has interrupt
21、ed B. had interrupted C. was interrupted D. had been interrupted7. The princess and the Frog is a fairy musical that _ the days when Walt Disney was a person, not a brand. A. was dated back to B. dates back to C. has been dating from D. had dated from 8. Linda, make sure the tables _ before the gues
22、ts arrive. A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting9. The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. A. TreatedB. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated 10. During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _ not to touch any unattended bag.A. had alw
23、ays been warned B. were always being warnedC. are always warning D. always warned 11. -Why does the lake smell terrible?-Because large quantities of water _.A. have polluted B. is being pollutedC. has been polluted D. have been polluted12. -Hi, Tory, can I use your computer for a while this afternoo
24、n?-Sorry. _.A. Its repaired B. It has been repairedC. Its being repaired D. It had been repaired 13. The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front _ to arrive. A. is expected B. is expecting C. expects D. will be expected14. I like these English songs and they _ many times on the radio.A
25、. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught 15. I got caught in the rain and my suit _.A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruinedKey: 1-5 DCCBC 6-10 CBCBB 11-15 DCADC_一. 单项选择1. Do you think he will come at this weekend? _, because he has an important party to att
26、end. A. I dont believe B. I dont believe it C. I believe not so D. I believe not 2. She was so sad because she failed in the math test. Lets _ her _.A. leave behind B. leave alone C. leave aside D. leave out 3. They desired that they _ the right to attend the meeting.A. had B. have C. are D. were4.
27、Many applicants stood outside the managers office, nervously waiting _ for the job. A. to choose B. being chosen C. choosing D. to be chosen 5. It was at this shop _ I bought my skirt. How about coming to my home to have a look tonight?A. that B. where C. which D. what 6. People have been complainin
28、g about SK-II recently and think the advertisements always persuade people _ the products which are not so good. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought7. He has been _ for three weeks. Wed better find another person to fill his place. A. absent B. left C. gone D. resigned 8. His daughter has _ the you
29、ng politician for five years.A. got married with B. been married to C. been married with D. got married to 9. I am going to the post office. Do you have any letter _?A. to be sent B. to send C. sending D. sent 10. After a whole afternoons heated discussion, they finally _ to us what had been decided
30、. A. told B. declared C. stated D. MadeKey: 1-5 DBBDA 6-10 BABAB 二. 完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 How did you do it, Dad? How have you managed not to take a drink for almost 20 years? It took me almost 20 years to have the 16 to even ask my father this very personal
31、question. When Dad first 17 drinking, the whole family was on pins and needles(如坐针毡) every time he got into a situation in the past,18 would have started him 19 again. For a few years we were afraid to bring 20 up for fear that the drinking would begin again.“I had this little poem that I would reci
32、te to myself at least four to five times a day.” was Dads 21 to my 18-year-old unasked question. “The words were a constant 22 to me that things were 23 so hard that I could not deal with them,” Dad said. Then he 24_the poem with me. The poems 25 , yet profound (深刻的) words immediately became 26 of m
33、y daily routine as well.About a month after this talk with my father, I 27 a gift in the mail from a friend of mine. It was a book of daily sayings of wisdom with one 28 for each day of the year.It has been my 29 that when you get something with days of the year on it, you naturally turn to the page
34、 that lists your own 30 . I 31 opened the book to November 10 to see 32 words of wisdom this book had in store for me. I was 33 when I looked at the page, and then tears of disbelief and appreciation 34 down my face. There, on my birthday, was the exact same poem that had helped my father 35 all the
35、se years! It is called the Serenity (平静) Prayer: God, grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change; the courage to change the things I can, and the wisdom to know the difference.11. A. chance B. courage C. ability D. right12. A. gave up B. took up C. went on D. carried on13. A. where B
36、. what C. which D. how14. A. reciting B. asking C. smoking D. drinking15. A. one B. this C. it D. these16. A. reply B. words C. excuse D. explanation17. A. fear B. imagination C. thought D. reminder18. A. never B. seldom C. always D. ever19. A. discussed B. shared C. offered D. talked20. A. wonderfu
37、l B. long C. simple D. boring21. A. all B. ThatC. any D. part22. A. received B. AcceptedC. knew D. heard23. A. listed B. IncludedC. read D. said24. A. method B. experience C. wealth D. message25. A. character B. birthday C. qualities D. favorites26. A. doubtfully B. carefully C. happily D. hurriedly
38、27. A. where B. whether C. what D. how28. A. excited B. astonished C. disappointed D. frightened 29. A. hung B. pulled C. rolled D. pushed30. A. with B. at C. in D. ForKey: 11-15 BACDC 16-20 ADABC 21-25 DAABB 26-30 DCBCD三. 阅读理解Revolutionary TV Ears TV Ears has helped thousands of people with various
39、 degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume(音量) and now its better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level thats comfortable for them. You c
40、an even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute(静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame. TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction car tip,
41、not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. Thats why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists(听觉学家) nationwid
42、e as well as world-famous doctors.Doctor Recommended TV Ears!“My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television . As a retired ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hear
43、ing loss.” Robert Forbes, M. D, CACustomer Recommended TV Ears!“ Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level. TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on ! He can once again hear and understand the dialogue.” Darlene & Jack B, CARis
44、k Free Trial! TV Ears comes with a 30-day risk free trial.Special Offer Now 59.95.If youre not satisfied, return it.Money-back guarantee!Call now ! 800-123-783231. TV Ears helps you _.A. improve your sleeping qualityB. listen to TV without disturbing othersC. change TV channels without difficultyD.
45、become interested in ballgame programs32. What makes TV Ears different from other headsets?A. It can easily set TV on mute.B. Its headset volume is adjustable.C. It has a new noise reduction car tip.D. It applies special wireless technology.33. This advertisement is made more believable by _.A. using recommendations B. offering reasons for this inventionC.providing statistics. D.showing the results of experiments.Key: BCA
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