1、Unit 4 Everyday economics教学知识细解码 1adj.无表情的blankly adv.茫然地；没有表情地blankness n空白；空虚2n潜力；可能性potentiality n潜力potentially adv.潜在地3enterprise n企业；事业；事业心adj.有创业精神的blankenterprisingpotential4distribute v分发；分配n分销distributor n经销商distributive adj.分配的5guide v指导；引导n指导；引导6consult v咨询n顾问guidancedistributionconsultan
2、t1blank adj.空白的；没表情的；茫然的；完全的；彻底的She turned to a blank page in her notebook.Steve looked blank and said he had no idea what I was talking about.He received a blank refusal.空白的彻底的茫然的2distribution n分配，分布；分发，分送；(商品)运销，经销，分销The map shows the distribution of this species across the world.The distribution
3、of things involves giving or delivering them to a number of people or places.Worldwide distribution systems are developing fast.分布运销，经销分发，分送Words and Phrases知识要点1 seat n座位，坐处(如椅子等)；有座位的；有座的；(椅子等的)座部 v.向提供座位；(使)就座；坐；落座；可坐人；能容纳人 教材 P38 She couldnt，however，hide the line of sweat running down her forehe
4、ad，which was caused partly by the heat of the television studio，but more by fear of the four people seated in front of her.然而，她无法掩盖额头上流淌着的那道汗水，一部分是由于电视演播室的高温造成的，但更多的是因为害怕坐在她前面的四个人。例 1 There are no seats left on that flight.那次航班没座位了。例 2 He seated himself behind the desk.他在书桌后面坐下。造句 他坐在杰克和汤姆之间。He is s
5、eated between Jack and Tom.知识拓展(1)have/take a seat 请坐reserve a seat 预订座位be on the edge of your seat 心情紧张地等待；兴奋地等待某事be in the driving seat 操纵，掌管，处于控制地位(2)be seated 就座stay/remain seated 继续坐着seat oneself beside/in/on 坐在旁边/里面/上面seat sb.on/near 安排某人坐在某处即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子Please(seat)so we can begin our meet
6、ing.He waved towards a chair，and(seat)himself at the desk.The game had the crowd(心情紧张)be seatedon the edge of their seatsseated知识要点2 blank adj.空白的；没表情的；茫然的；完全的；彻底的 教材 P38 They stared back，their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next.他们回头看了看，从他们没有表情的脸上根本看不出接下来他们会说什么。例 1 She stared
7、at me with a blank expression on her face.她一脸木然地盯着我。例 2 He looked at her out of black blank eyes that made no opportunity for her to speak.他那双黑眼睛茫然地望着她，不给她开口的机会。造句 我的脑子一片空白。My mind went totally blank.知识拓展go blank (脑子)一片空白draw a blank 无回音；无结果；无收获blank out 突然变空blank sth.out 掩盖；遮盖；刻意忘记；抹去记忆即学即练 完成句子/单句
8、语法填空So far，the police investigation has(没有收获)I was trying to blank previous situations from my mind.drawn a blankout知识要点3 end up 结果为；以结束 教材 P38 Zhang never thought that this was something she would end up doing.张月从没想过她最终会从事这样的工作。例 1 The result was that the engine ended up at the bottom of the canal.
9、结果引擎最终沉到了运河底。例 2 If you dont know what you want，you might end up getting something you dont want.如果你不知道自己想要什么，到头来你可能得非所愿。造句 如果你继续那样花钱，你很快就会负债累累。You will soon end up in debt if you keep on spending money thatway.知识拓展(1)end up doing sth.最终以做某事结束end(up)in 以告终；结果为end(up)with 以结束(指以某种方式结束)end up as 最终成为(
10、2)come to an end 结束put/bring an end to 结束in the end 最后，终于on end 竖立；直立着；连续地make(both)ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子While studying，fix your mind on what is really important，or you will end up(remember)nothing.Andersen was born into a poor family，but ended up one of the greatest writers of his ti
11、me.The lecture ended up a poem of an ancient Chinese poet.remembering withasIf we neglect our future，well end up failure.The doctors motive was(结束病人的痛苦)He is a wonderful companion and(我们可以连续聊上好几个小时)in we can talk for hours on endto bring an end to his patients suffering小片段填空As a child he wished to b
12、ecome a sportsman，but he ended up a singer.He often threw parties where he usually began with cakes and ended up sweets.He became very fat.He tried many ways to lose weight，ending up(gain)weight soon again.I told him not to hold a party again and if he didnt follow my advice，he would end up failure.
13、gainingaswithin知识要点4 surround vt.围绕；环绕 教材 P38 Surrounded by roses as she was growing up，she paid them little attention.即便她是在玫瑰丛中长大的，却很少注意到它们。例 1 When the car stopped in the town square it was surroundedby soldiers and militiamen.汽车停在城镇广场时就被士兵和民兵包围了。例 2 As a child I was surrounded by love and kindnes
14、s.幼年时我备受关爱。造句 我需要一些人立刻包围这所房子。I need some people to surround this house right now.知识拓展(1)surround sb./sth.with.使某人/某物被包围surround oneself with sb./sth.喜欢结交(某类人)；喜欢身边总有(某类东西)(2)surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n.周围的事物；环境(通常用复数形式)即学即练 单句语法填空The trees(surround)the lake were planted by the soldiers ten yea
15、rs ago.I like(surround)myself with beautiful things.(surround)by a dozen of children，the woman happily celebrated her 80th birthday.to surroundsurroundingSurrounded小片段填空As a famous pop star，he loves by so many fans coming to visit him from the towns.And he also likes beautiful with green trees and f
16、lowers，because he can get much more pleasure from nature.surrounding surroundingsbeing surrounded知识要点5 potential n可能性；潜在性；潜力；潜质 adj.潜在的；可能的 教材 P38 It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential.直到从海外大学毕业回国探望父母后，张月才意识到这一潜力。例
17、1 The European marketplace offers excellent potential for increasing sales.欧洲市场带来了扩销的大好机遇。例 2 First we need to identify actual and potential problems.首先，我们需要弄清实际的问题和潜在的问题。造句 他有潜力成为世界级的音乐家。He has the potential to become a worldclass musician.知识拓展the potential for sth.的可能性have/show potential 有潜力/表现出潜力
18、achieve/fulfil/realize your potential 发挥潜力即学即练 完成句子/单句语法填空All children should be encouraged to(发挥潜力)The potential abuse in such a system is enormous.realize/fulfil/achieve theirforfull potential知识要点6 present vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)；呈现；赠送，颁发，介绍 adj.出席的，在场的；现在的，目前的 n礼物；赠品；现在 教材 P39 Like Zhang，they present th
19、eir ideas in the hope of getting investment and advice.像张月一样，他们提出自己的想法，希望得到投资和建议例 1 You need to present yourself better.你需要更善于展示自己。例 2 May I present my fianc to you?请允许我向您介绍我的未婚夫。造句 你需要更好地展示自己。You need to present yourself better.知识拓展(1)present sb.with sth.向某人赠送某物present sth.to sb.向某人陈述某事；赠送某人某物(2)be
20、 present at 出席(3)at presentat the present time 目前，现在for the present 目前；就现在而言即学即练 写出下列句中 present 的含义The company presented a medal to him on the day when he retired.The present situation is taking a turn for the better.How many people were present at the meeting yesterday？These notes will remind you h
21、ow to present your ideas.Whenever you buy a present，you should think about it from the receivers point of view.出席的赠予当前的礼物陈述；提出小片段填空All students were at the meeting on Teachers Day.Some students flowers to the representatives of teachers as festival presentpresentspresented知识要点7 purchase n购买；采购；购买的东西
22、；v.买；购买；采购 教材 P39 After I went on TV，a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing to purchase my product and help with its distribution.我上了电视后，一家主要的亚洲化妆品制造商愿意购买我的产品并帮助我分销。例 1 We guarantee to refund your money if you are not delighted with your purchase.若您对所购商品不满意，我们保证退款。例 2 He gave his son so
23、me money for the purchase of his school books.他给儿子一些钱购买学校的课本。造句 我想买这件衬衫。I would like to purchase this shirt，please.知识拓展make a purchase 购买on special purchase 特价出售purchase price 购买价格purchasing power 购买力即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子These boots are special purchase.(美元的购买力)has declined.on The purchasing power of the
24、 dollar知识要点8 consultant n顾问 教材 P39.she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things.她建议人们要现实一点，向内行的顾问寻求指导，以免仓促行事。例 1 That company wanted to hire him as their consultant，but he declined firmly.那家公司想雇他做顾问，但他坚决拒绝了。例 2 Our company didnt have a spe
25、cialist，so we hired a consultant.我们的公司没有专家，所以我们聘请了一位顾问。造句 顾问将解释我们该如何经营我们的业务。The consultant will explain how we should run our business.知识拓展(1)consult v 请教/咨询(2)consult sb.about sth.向某人请教/咨询某事consult with sb.about sth.与某人商量/磋商某事consult a doctor 向医生求诊consult a dictionary 查字典即学即练 单句语法填空Why didnt you co
26、nsult with me such an important matter?By the time I arrived at the ward，my(consult)was already there.about consultant小片段填空I am a 34yearold man，married，live in a nice house，and have a successful career as an educational One day，a boy went to my office me about the method of learning English.me，he kn
27、ew how to improve his English and went home happily.consultantHaving consultedto consult知识要点9 access n接近；通路；接近或进入的权利/机会/通路 v进入；存取(尤指电脑数据)；访问 教材 P39 What really matters is a sound business plan，access to capital，and good management and negotiating skills.真正重要的是一个完备的商业计划、获得资金的渠道、以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。例 1 Stude
28、nts must have access to good resources.学生必须有机会使用好的资源。例 2 You need a password to get access to the computer system.使用这个计算机系统需要密码。造句 药品不应该放在孩子们可以拿到的地方。Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.知识拓展(1)access to.接近的机会；进入的权利have/get/gain/obtain access to.可以接近/会见/进入(2)accessible adj.可
29、进入的；可使用的be accessible to 可进入；可使用；易接近即学即练 写出下列句中 access 的含义/单句语法填空To sum up，low price，easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot.The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.He accessed three different files to find the correct information.接近的机会访问通路Kids shouldn
30、t have access violent films because they might imitate the things they see.All the sites are free to the public and(access)to anyone with an Internet connection.小片段填空Fallen rocks cut off the only to the village，so it is notto outside now.access toaccessibleaccessibleSentence Patterns重点句式1 独立主格结构 教材
31、P38 They stared back，their blank faces giving no clue asto what they would say next.他们回头看了看，从他们没有表情的脸上根本看不出接下来他们会说什么。句式分析：句子中 their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next 为“逻辑主语 现在分词”的独立主格结构。独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。例 1 Mary has written two novels，both of them having been made i
32、nto television series.玛丽已经写了两部小说，都被拍成了电视剧。例 2 All the tickets sold when they arrived，they went away，disappointed.当他们到达的时候，票都卖光了，他们失望地走开了。造句 我手里拿着剑跟着他来到这里。I followed him here，sword in hand.知识拓展该结构一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等，常见的独立主格结构形式是：(1)名词/代词名词(2)名词/代词形容词/副词/介词短语(3)名词/代词现在分词/过去分词/不定式翻译 1 人体有许多器官组成，每一个器
33、官都有确定的工作要做。The human body is composed of organs，翻译 2 有许多工作要做，我必须待在家里一整天。each having a definite job Lots of work to do，I have to stay at home all day.to do.即学即练 句型转换/单句语法填空The trees there are extremely tall，and some measures over 90 metres.The trees there are extremely tall，someover 90 metres.Then sh
34、e leapt backwards，back(arch)and fur on end，tail held out stiffly.measuring arched重点句式2 强调句型 教材 P39 It was only then that the locals began to believe me.就是在那时，本地人才开始相信我。句式分析：该句子是对时间状语 then 的强调。例 1 I wonder what it was that you were doing at this time yesterday.我想知道你昨天这个时候在干什么。例 2 It was when I got ba
35、ck to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到了我的新邻居。造句 只有压力太大才会伤害你。It is only too much stress that does you harm.知识拓展1强调句型的结构(1)强调句型的基本结构：It is/was被强调的部分that/who句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、状语等进行强调。当被强调部分是人，且作主语时，可用 who 或 that，其他情况下一律用 that。It is only by listening to and u
36、nderstanding each other thatproblems between parents and children can be settled.只有通过倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才可能被解决。强调主语时，要注意连接词和谓语的一致性。It is our teacher who/that helps us make great progress.正是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it被强调的部分that/who句子其他部分？Was it in the park that he met our new teacher?他
37、是在公园里遇到我们的新老师的吗？(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：疑问词is/wasitthat句子其他部分？When was it that he made up his mind to take this course?他是什么时候决定选修这门课程的？由疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时，从句必须使用陈述语序。She doesnt know who it was that saved her son.她不知道是谁救了她的儿子。(4)not.until 的强调句型结构：It is/was not until.that句子其他部分。It was not until he got home 3
38、0 minutes later that he found he had left his bag in the taxi.直到他到家三十分钟后他才发现他把包落在了出租车上。2强调谓语动词用助动词 do，does 或 did 来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中，do 还可以用于祈使句。She did tell me her address，but I forgot all about it.她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全忘了。翻译 1 直到战争结束他才回家。翻译 2 是你做的而不是你说的才重要。It is not until the war was over that
39、he returned home.It is what you did not what you said that counts.即学即练 单句语法填空/句型转换It is not only the attitudes towards science are changing.It is at the hotelthe coach picks up tourists.Was it because Jack came late for school Mr.Smith got angry?that thatthatI did not realise that she was a famous f
40、ilm star until she took off her dark glasses.(用强调句型改写)(用倒装句改写)It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realised that Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realise that she was she was a famous film star.a famous film star.It was only after graduating from university overseas and
41、 returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential.分析：本句是强调句型，被强调部分是 only after graduating fromuniversity overseas and returning to visit her parents，正常语序是 Zhangrealised the potential only after graduating from university overseas andreturning to visit her parents.强调句型的基本结构是：It is/was
42、 被强调部分 that/who其他成分。译文：直到从海外大学毕业回国探望父母后，张月才意识到这一潜力。教材高考 1.It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential.(2016江苏卷)He sensed a great potential in her despite her weaknesses.2.After I went on TV，a major Asian manufacturer of c
43、osmetics was willing to purchase my product and help with its distribution.(2019全国卷)the reader had to go down to the printers office to purchase a copy.单句语法填空1I found her crying very much，tears(run)down her cheeks.2Little Franz was surprised to see some of the village people(seat)on the benches at t
44、he end of the room.3The police gained access a broken window.4I ended up(do)all the work myself.seatedrunningdoingthrough5He realised the potential error in the method being used.6Who was it won the US Open?7She found that all the names in the letter(blank)out.8If you dont know how to use this word，
45、(consult)a dictionary.9Last month they(purchase)the land for$1 million.10Its one of the few countries people drive on the left.consultforthathad been blankedwherepurchased.短语填空as to；a world away from；row upon row；be bitten by the.bug；start out1This gave me a clue the source of the problem.2It is the
46、 world we know.3 of newly built warehouses line the waterfront.4Ive definitely cooking 5Im careful to by saying clearly what I want.as tostart outbugbeen bitten by theRow upon rowa world away from.课文语法填空Zhang Yue was very nervous when giving a presentation at the programme 1.(call)Young starts-ups.T
47、o experience the 2.(free)of being her own boss and give something back to her home town，Zhang Yue decided to grow roses there after graduation.3.growing up in the country，she still had a lot to learn after overcoming a number of 4.(obstacle)in nursing her business.The biggest challenge was to persua
48、de people to work for her.Few people in the village believed her.After she went on TV，a major Asian manufacturerobstaclescalledfreedomDespitewas cooperated with her 5.(willing)by purchasing her products and 6.(help)with its distribution.Now，her product is one of the best in Asia.When es to other 8.(enterprise)young people，Zhang Yue says that running a new business is not for everyone and advises that people 9.(be)realistic.It is many factors 10.decide your success.bewillinglyhelpingitenterprisingthat点击右图进入 课 时 分 层 作 业 Thank you for watching!
