1、第九讲 句子间、段落间的衔接与过渡衔接与过渡性词语的使用是语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。在句与句之间，段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接(过渡)性词语是非常必要的。中学阶段应该掌握的连接(过渡)性词语可以归纳如下：一、表示起始关系的过渡性词语above all，first of all，to begin with，according to，as you know/as is known，as is shown in等。According to a research，the total number is reduced to less than 1,000 now.按照调查结果，现在总数
2、已减少到不足1 000只。As we all know，good learning habits contribute to efficient study.我们大家都知道，好的学习习惯可以提高学习效率。As is shown in the picture，a tree is knocked down by the strong wind，while the grass，stays as it is.正如图画所示，树被大风刮倒了，而小草依然在那里。二、表示时间顺序的过渡性词语first(ly)，then，later，in the end，finally，at last，after that，a
3、fterwards，since then，immediately，suddenly，meanwhile等。Meanwhile，we all enjoyed the beauty of nature.同时，我们都欣赏了大自然的美丽。Firstly，I collected all the books，newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place.Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture.After that，I swept and mopped the
4、floors.首先，我把所有的书籍、报纸和其他散落在屋子里的东西收集起来放好，接着扫去所有家具上的灰尘，然后扫地、拖地。三、表示并列关系的过渡性词语and，or，also，as well as，neithernor，not onlybut also，eitheror，notbut等。I think we will have a good time there and I will send you your photos taken there.我想我们会玩得很愉快，而且我将会把在那里拍的你的照片发给你。Not only do computers play an important part
5、in science and technology，but also play an informative role in our daily life.电脑不仅在科学和技术中起着作用，而且在我们的生活中也起着提供有用信息的作用。E-mail，as well as telephone，is playing an important part in daily communication.电子邮件和电话都在我们的日常交流中起着重要的作用。Also，do let me know if you need more information.如果你需要其他的信息，也一定要告诉我。四、表示转折关系的过渡
6、性词语but，yet，however，while，otherwise，on the contrary等。However，not until the match was over did we realize that we became the loser.然而，直到比赛结束我们才意识到我们输了。On the contrary，the volunteers always claim that they are tired of the life on earth，so they are eager to experience the future life on the Mars.相反，这些志
7、愿者说，他们厌倦了地球上的生活，因此他们渴望体验未来火星上的生活。五、表示因果关系的过渡性词语because，as，since，for，thanks to，due to，as a result of，so，therefore，as a result/consequence等。Therefore，there is no reason for us to look down upon ordinary jobs.因此，我们没有理由轻视普通的工作。As a consequence，children become so reliant on their parents that they have n
8、o independent thoughts or creative ideas.结果，孩子们变得太依赖于父母，以至于他们没有独立的思想和创造性的想法。六、表示条件关系的过渡性词语if,unless,in case(of),as/so long as,on condition that等。I would be very grateful(if)you can pick him up at the airport.如果你能到机场接他，我将不胜感激。As long as we stick to our dreams，we will become a winner sooner or later.只
9、要我们坚持梦想，我们迟早会成为赢家。七、表示递进关系的过渡性词语whats more，furthermore，moreover，besides，whats worse，still less，to make matters worse，worse still，on(the)one handon the other(hand)，for one thingfor another等。Many of them can hardly look after themselves，still less manage their own life.他们很多人几乎不能照顾自己，更别说经营他们自己的人生。On on
10、e hand，I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents，and on the other hand，I can gain some experience from it，which will do good to my future life.一方面，我能通过做这样的事赚些钱来帮助父母，另一方面，我能从中获得一些经验，这会对我将来的生活有益。八、表示列举事实的过渡性词语such as，for example/instance，takefor example，that is to say，as follows，in other wo
11、rds 等。They are of different shapes，such as diamonds，butterflies，flowers and birds.它们形状各异，诸如像钻石、蝴蝶、花、鸟。On one hand，I will organize some English activities，for example，to hold English debates or English speech contests so as to help us students arouse their interest in English.一方面，我会组织一些英语活动，例如举办英语辩论赛
12、或英语演讲比赛，目的是帮助我们学生提高英语方面的兴趣。九、表示观点的过渡性词语in my opinion，in my view，in my point of view，as far as I am concerned，as for me，personally，I think等。As far as I am concerned，they stand for love，friendship and unity.依我看来，他们代表爱、友谊和团结。十、表示总结的过渡性词语in short，in brief，in conclusion，in a/one word，to sum up，all in all
13、，on the whole，in general，generally speaking等。In a word，success is important，and so is failure，because its the mother of success.总之，成功很重要，失败也很重要，因为它是成功之母。All in all，traveling is the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the new challenges.总的来说，旅游是充实自己、准备迎接新的挑战的最好的选择。.用适当的过渡词完成下列句子1尽管捂上了
14、我的耳朵，我仍无法忍受这种噪声。_ covering my ears，I still couldnt stand the noise.2由于王先生的疯狂喊叫，我无法把精力集中在学习上。_ Mr.Wangs crazy shout，I couldnt pay attention to my study.【答案】1.Despite/In spite of 2.Due to 3如果你想提高英语口语，你应该找更多的机会和外国人说话。_ you want to improve your spoken English，you should find more chances to speak to for
15、eigners.4我是你的老师，换句话说，你是我的学生。Im your teacher，_，youre my student.5与我最初想的相反，这次旅游很有趣。_ what I had originally thought，the trip turned out to be fun.【答案】3.On condition that 4.in other words 5.Contrary to.句子翻译1我们阅读除了为了知识，另外还为了娱乐和激励。_2首先，我想提及的是，我当班长获得了许多的经验并且得到了来自同学的许多赞誉。_【答案】1.In addition to reading for kn
16、owledge，we still read for fun and inspiration.2.What I mention at first is that I have gained a lot of experience and received wide praise from my classmates for my job as monitor.3.I had known about some functions of it.On the other hand，there was still a limit to what I can do with it.4然而，每次都实现梦想对
17、人们来说并不容易。_【答案】3.I had known about some functions of it.On the other hand，there was still a limit to what I can do with it.4.However，it is not so easy for people to realize their dreams every time.3虽然我知道了一些它的功能，但我依然不完全了解我能用它来做什么。_5首先，做一个兼职的工作是我的梦想，我打算做一个销售员，因为这不仅会让我挣到钱还可以开阔我的视野。_6至于我，我已经学习英语有几年了而且也可以
18、很流畅地说英语。_【答案】5.To start with，doing a part-time job is my dream and I intend to work as a salesman because not only can I earn money by myself，but also it will broaden my horizons.6.As for me,I have learnt English for many years and could speak English fluently.7因此，在学习了一些新东西后，我们应该尽可能多地使用，这可以帮助我们把这些东西
19、变为自己的东西。_8总之，如果你能接纳我的话我将不胜感激。_【答案】7.Therefore，after learning something new，we should use them as much as possible，which can help make them part of us.8.In a word/In brief,I would appreciate it if you could accept me as one of your members.阅读下列短文，选择适当的过渡词或短语填空first of all,lastly,only,so,in brief,then
20、There is no doubt that there will be many roadblocks in the process of studying.1._ what should we do when meeting difficulty in learning?Lets share my experience.【答案】1.So 2.First of all 3.Then 4.Only 5.Lastly 6In brief2_，I always hold a positive attitude towards difficulties，because it is the hards
21、hips that can build up our strength and wills.3._，I will think carefully the first time I meet them.4._ when I find theyre too difficult for me to solve will I turn to my classmates or teachers for help.5._，do some relaxing exercises which can inspire me forward.6_，facing difficulties straight rather than avoiding them deliberately,were bound to succeed.【答案】2.First of all 3.Then 4.Only 5.Lastly 6In brief