1、课时作业.阅读理解A(2019全国卷)Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms (微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? Its turning to a b
2、unch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the pa
3、st two years, Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think theyre close to a solution (解决方案). “We dont give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers，” says Florence Gold, a project manager.“There are no tests，” Gordon says. “Th
4、ere is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other thanAre you working towards your goal？ Basically, its Ive got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.Engineers come and really do an inperson review, and . its not a very nice thing at times. Its a har
5、d business review of your product.”Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact (影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I dont teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA eng
6、ineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的联合科研项目，解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。1What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?AThey are hard to get rid of.BThey lead to air pollution.CThey appear in different forms.DThey damage t
7、he instruments.答案：A推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除，故答案为A。2What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?ATo strengthen teacherstudent relationships.BTo sharpen students communication skills.CTo allow students to experience zero gravity.DTo link space technology wit
8、h school education.答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为D。3What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?ACheck their product. BGuide project designs.CAdjust work schedules. DGrade their homework.答案：A细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品，故答案为A。4What is the best title
9、for the text?ANASA: The Home of AstronautsBSpace: The Final Homework FrontierCNature: An Outdoor ClassroomDHUNCH: A College Admission Reform答案：B标题判断题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生，选项B将其完美地结合了起来，故答案为B。B(2020广东省高三六校第一次联考)My family and I never talked about school a
10、s the ticket to a future. I was in the classroom, but I wasnt there to learn to write, read or even speak. When it was my turn to read, I wanted to hide. I was 13 years old, but I already hated being who I was.I had an English teacher, Mr Creech, who knew I couldnt read. In one of my first lessons t
11、he teacher said that anyone who had a reading age below six had to stand up. I felt so embarrassed. But at the same time, it made me realize that I needed to change the situation. I was determined it wouldnt happen again. Later that day, Mr Creech encouraged me and promised he would try his best to
12、help me learn to read. From then on, I never gave up practicing reading.Then when I was 41 years old, one day, I planned to fly back to Texas to visit my friends and family. On my way from the airport, I saw Mr Creech buying himself a drink. I rushed over and reached into my pocket to pay for him. “
13、Do I know you？” he asked. “Yes, sir, you do know me，” I answered excitedly. “My name is Anthony Hamilton. You taught me English.” The look on his face told me that he remembered the boy hed once encouraged.“Im so glad I had a chance to see you，” I said. “And Mr Creech, I have great news to share.” I
14、 told him I had learned to read. But that wasnt all. I had become a published author and an active speaker. “The next time you get another Anthony Hamilton in your classroom, please encourage him to read as well，” I added.The experts say what once worried me has a name: dyslexia (诵读困难). But I can te
15、ll you it was a lack of desire for education.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要进述了作者13岁时还不会诵读，遇到了老师Creech后，在老师的鼓励和帮助下，学会了诵读。成年后，作者再次遇到了这位老师，希望老师继续鼓励有类似情况的学生。5Why did the author want to hide?ABecause he felt sorry for himself.BBecause he hated being laughed at.CBecause he couldnt read at all.DBecause he didnt have a
16、 ticket.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“I couldnt read”并结合第一段第二、三句可知，作者想躲藏是因为他不会诵读，故选C项。6Which of the following could best describe Mr Creech?AConsiderate and dutiful.BDemanding and enthusiastic.CEmotional and dedicated.DFriendly and ambitious.答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句中的“Mr Creech encouraged me and promised he woul
17、d try his best to help me learn to read”可推知，Creech老师是一个体贴的、尽职尽责的人。7Why couldnt the author read before meeting Mr Creech?ABecause his reading age was not long enough.BBecause his parents didnt teach him how to read.CBecause he was afraid of reading before the class.DBecause he didnt have inner drivin
18、g force to learn to read.答案：D推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的“I wasnt there to learn to write, read or even speak”和最后一段尾句中的“a lack of desire for education”可推知，作者在遇到Creech老师之前不会诵读是因为缺乏学习诵读的内在动力，故选D项。8What can we infer from the passage?AMr Creech taught two students called Anthony Hamilton.BThe author had become a pu
19、blished author and an active speaker.CDyslexia was the underlying reason that made the author unable to read.DThe author was grateful to Mr Creech.答案：D推理判断题。根据第二段Creech老师对作者的帮助和第三、四段作者成年后再次遇到老师的反应可推知，作者非常感激Creech老师。故选D项。.七选五(2019辽宁沈阳育才中学高三一模)The worst time to look for a job is when you must have a n
20、ew one immediately. _1_ If you are not in need of an immediate career change, here are ways you can improve your longterm career prospects (前景) today：_2_ You do not have to be qualified for these positions today, nor do they have to exist in your company. However, these roles should be related to yo
21、ur current skill set. They are career options that look interesting. Once you have a couple of targets, think about why and what interests you. Pay close attention to what appeals to you, and write it down.Subscribe to a career specific magazine. All businesses must stay relevant to their customers
22、in order to win the competitions and increase revenue (收益). _3_ This information allows you to see which companies and professionals are leading the pack (领先)Be professionally curious. Talk to people about their careers. Learn more about how success is measured in other roles, departments and compan
23、ies. _4_ You never know what connections may be relevant when you start your next job search, so develop a habit of making good connections no matter where you go.As in all things in life, getting ready in face of a difficult task early is always less stressful than reacting to a career surprise. _5
24、_ No matter how secure you feel today, the time will come when either you or your employer decide it is time to change.AChanging jobs is to be expected.BIdentify at least two different roles.CFollow examples in your own workplace.DChoose jobs according to your strong points.EChallenge yourself to ex
25、pand your business knowledge through interactions with people at regular time.FReading about industry trends, advancements and success stories keeps you in touch with market conditions.GJob Searching under pressure often results in nervous interviewing and decisionmaking from a few options.篇章导读：本文是一
26、篇说明文。文章主要讲述了提升职业前景的几种方法。1G上文提示“找工作最糟糕的时候是你必须马上换一个新工作的时候。”再根据下文提示“如果你不需要立即改变职业生涯，以下是你可以改善你长期职业前景的方法。”承接上下文，G项“Job Searching under pressure often results in nervous interviewing and decisionmaking from a few options.”(在压力下找工作往往会导致面试紧张和决定仓促。)切题。故选G。2B此空位于段首。根据下文提示“不一定是你现在就能胜任的，你现在的公司里也不一定存在这样的岗位。”承接下文，
27、B项“Identify at least two different roles.”(至少确定两个不同的角色。)切题。故选B。3F上文提示“为了赢得竞争和增加收入，所有的企业都必须与客户保持联系。”再根据下文提示“这些信息可以让你看到哪些公司和专业人士处于引领地位”。承接上下文，F项“Reading about industry trends, advancements and success stories keeps you in touch with market conditions.”(阅读行业趋势、进步和成功的故事可以让你了解市场情况。)切题。故选F。4E上文提示“更多地了解别人是
28、如何衡量成功的”，下文提示“当你开始找工作的时候，你永远不知道会用到什么关系，所以无论你去哪里，都要培养良好的人际关系。”承接上下文，E项“Challenge yourself to expand your business knowledge through interactions with people at regular time.”(挑战你自己，通过经常与他人的互动来扩展你的行业知识。)切题。故选E。5A上文提示“就像生活中的所有事情一样，提前对职业突变做好准备，总比到时措手不及好。”再根据下文提示“不管你今天感觉多么安全，当你或你的老板决定改变的时候，换工作的时刻就会到来。”承接
29、上下文，A项“Changing jobs is to be expected.”(换工作是意料之中的事。)切题。故选A。.语法填空(2019昆明市高三摸底调研测试)Lions, tigers and other animals are staying awake at night _1_ (avoid) human beings, a new study finds.Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature. Many animals may move around less or tra
30、vel to far places to keep away _2_ people. By being awake at night, animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time _3_ (look) for food.The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can _4_ (fright) animals and cause them to become more active at night.
31、 _5_ had been studied were lions in Tanzania, tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil. Researchers compared _6_ (careful) how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities, such as hunting and farming. _7_ was human activities that caused an increase of about 20 percent in
32、nighttime activities, even in creatures that usually sleep at night. Results _8_ (publish) in the journal Science two months ago.The new findings are _9_ (usual) because no one else has looked at it in such detail before. Ecologist Marlee Tucker was _10_ (surprise) that any kind of human activities
33、is enough for animals to see people as a threat.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人类活动导致许多动物在夜间保持清醒以保持警惕状态。1to avoid考查非谓语动词。狮子、老虎以及其他的动物在夜间保持清醒旨在避开人类。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。2from考查固定搭配。keep away from . “远离”，为固定搭配。3looking考查固定用法。spend time doing sth. “花时间做某事”为固定用法。4frighten考查词性转换。最新研究表明，即使像务农和野营这
34、样的活动也会惊吓到动物，进而导致它们夜间变得更加活跃。情态动词can后应接动词原形，故应用名词fright的动词形式frighten。5What考查主语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句且从句中缺少主语，故用what，意为“的事物”。6carefully考查词性转换。修饰句中的谓语动词compared应使用副词。7It考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，去掉“_7_ was”和“that”之后，句子表意完整，故该句为强调句型“It was被强调部分that其他成分”。8were published考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，谓语动词publish和句子的主语Results是被
35、动关系，且根据时间状语“two months ago”可知，描述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。9unusual考查词形转换。先前没人对此进行过如此详细的研究，所以这些新的发现显得不同寻常，故用usual的反义词unusual。10surprised考查词性转换。此处表示主语Marlee Tucker的状态，故用形容词surprised。.书面表达(2020吉林省梅河口市高三上学期联考)4月23日是世界读书日。假定你是李华，你的美国朋友John来信询问你校读书日的相关活动，请给他写一封回信。内容包括：1主题：诵读经典名著，传承中华文化；2活动安排；3活动的意义。注意：1.词数1
36、00左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：经典名著classicsDear John， Yours，Li Hua精彩范文Dear_John，Im delighted to receive your letter in which you asked about our arrangements for the World Reading Day.What deserves to be mentioned most is the theme of the reading dayReading Chinese Classics and Inheriting Chinese Cultur
37、e. Obviously, its aim is to raise our awareness of passing on traditional Chinese culture.Its widely acknowledged that reading benefits us in many ways. Not only can it broaden our horizons but it also deepens our thoughts. Therefore, a series of activities, such as Reading Salon, a Secondhand Book Exchange will take place on that day.How I wish you could join us!Yours，Li_Hua