1、M6U2 Grammar 导学案(Past and future tenses)Learning aims(学习目标): (1) Master the usage of future tenses.(2) Practice about the three kinds of future tenses.Important points(学习重点) ：How to use the simple future tense; the future continuous tense; the future in the past tenseDifficult points(学习难点)：learn to
2、compare different past and future tensesLearning guides( 方法导引)：compare, deduce and practiceLearning procedure（学习过程）:Step 1 Lead-inStep 2 past tenses谈论过去的状况或动作一般用过去时态。过去时态包括一般过去时、过去将来时、过去进行时和过去完成时等。各种过去时的谓语构成（以do为例）一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时1 一般过去时1)表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的具体的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, a
3、moment ago, the next day等。Sang Lan was born in Ningbo, China in 1981.I _ (attend) a meeting yesterday, it was too boring.Where _ he _ (go ) a moment ago, I couldnt find him anywhere?2)表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作。I went to school by bus.He was often late for school.He _ (use to) go to see his grandparents once a
4、month when he was young.3)常用一般过去时的句型。Why didnt you/I think of that?I didnt notice it.I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.I didnt recognize him.2. 一般过去时和现在完成比较一般过去时和现在完成时均表示发生在过去的动作,但前者侧重过去的事实,后者侧重过去的动作对现在的影响.- My computer _ wrong although I used it only once. - youd better g
5、o to check it.A has gone B went试比较:I cant enter the room now because I _ (lose) my key.I cant find my text book now, but I _ (put) it here.特殊句型 1. It is time you went to bed now._ 2. Id rather you came tomorrow._小结： _.3过去进行时 1)它是用来表示在特定的某一时刻正在发生的事情，或者过去某一时段内持续发生的事情。主要从点和段上来强调动作的过去进行时。 What _ you _ (
6、do) at nine last night? I first met Lisa three years ago. She _( work) at the radio shop at that time. 2)表示过去某一阶段内一直在进行的动作。 I was reading a novel last night. As she was reading the newspaper, her sister _ (do) her homework.过去进行时在近年高考中的考查:1. Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on. - Where was I?
7、- You _you didnt like your fathers job. (04 北京)A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying 2. You were out when I dropped in at your house. (04 广东) - Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport.A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited3. Has Sam finished his homework t
8、oday? - I have no idea. He _ it this morning. (04吉林)A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 4. Whats wrong with your coat? (05 重庆) - Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me _ on it.A. sat B. had sat C. had been sitting D. was sitting 4. 一般过去时和过去进行时的区别 1). 一般过去时表示在过去某时发生的动作或
9、存在的状态（包括过去习惯动作），常与just now, a moment ago, yesterday, last week(month, year), the day before yesterday及表示过去的时间状语从句。如 I was sixteen years old last year. He worked in a factory in 1986. I _(meet) her in the street the day before yesterday. He often_(swim) in the river when he was young.2). 过去进行时表示过去某一段
10、时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/ Sunday/week), at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday)，when sb. did sth等时间状语从句。Eg. What were you doing at seven p.m. yesterday? I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. I was cook
11、ing when she knocked at the door.3). 一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。 I saw you while you were speaking to Joan.注意：有的过去时间状语既可用于一般过去时，也可用于过去进行时，但含义不同。如： She _(write) a letter to her friend last night , and posted it this morning. She _(write) a letter to her friend last night, but I dont know if
12、 she has finished it.4). 过去进行时的时间状语从句(1). when 和while引导的状语从句 while表示一段时间，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： When/While we _ (have) supper, the light went out.(2). when用作并列连词时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。 I _(walk) in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我小结：5过去完成时1)在某一过去时间以前或过去某事之前已发生并完成的动作。(when,
13、after, before, as soon as, until, by, for and already)By the end of last month they had treated 3,000 patients.By the time she competed in the New York Goodwill Games, she had been a dedicated junior gymnast for eleven years.（09重庆）50. Shestaredatthepainting, wonderingwhereshe_it.A. sawB. hasseen C.
14、seesD. hadseen2001上海春：The new suspension bridge _ by the end of last month.has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designedJohn and I _ friends for eight years. We first went to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _ each other a couple of times before that.A. had
15、been; have seen B. have been; have seenC. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen2)表示一种未实现的愿望和想法。I had hoped to go on Monday, but I couldnt get away.I _ (think) that he was our English teacher, but I was wrong.3)用与Hardlywhen, Scarcelywhen, No soonerthan句型中。Hardly had he finished his homework when
16、we went home.No sooner _ I _(reach) home than it began to rain.小结:Step3future tenses一般将来时将来进行时过去将来时将来完成时谈论将来的状况或动作一般用将来时态。将来时态包括一般将来时、将来进行时和将来完成时等。一般将来时一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或情况。常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, next week等。She will come with us to watch a football match tomorrow. 有几种方法可以表示一般将来。1). will/shall do:表示将来
17、发生的动作或出现的状态,shall仅与第一人称连用I know I will think about her whenever my life feels unbearable.2). be going to do:表示主语计划打算的行动或看来就要发生的事情Today, Im going to talk about how to find happiness.3). be doing:表示计划或安排好的动作（go, come, leave, begin 等动词）4). be to do:表示客观上计划或安排好的动作The line is to be opened to traffic on M
18、ay Day.5). be about to do:表示即将发生的动作,一般不带时间副词或短语He is about to retire.6). do:表示与安排，计划或时刻表有关的动作；或用于if, when等状语从句中代替will do.(考题) 2004高考全国卷：Lets keep to the point or we_ any decisions.Awill never reach Bhave never reached Cnever reach Dnever reached06江苏卷34 ：A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us abou
19、t Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. A. is B. are C. was D. were将来进行时(1)表示将来某一时间点或时间段正在进行的动作。Dr Brain will be talking about success next time.What _ you _(do) at eight tomorrow evening?I wonder if it will still be raining this afternoon.(2). 表示即将或按计划在未来要发生的事情, 主语为第一人称时往往含有期盼情感.Ill b
20、e seeing my grandma next month. They will be separating in the summer. 3将来完成时 表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响。 When you get home, you father will have left for America. By the end of next month he _(finish) his novel.1)By the end of this month, we surely _ a satisfactory solution to the problem. A.
21、 have found B. will be found C. will have found D. are finding 2)The conference _ a full week by the time it ends. A. must have lasted B. will have lastedC. would last D. has lasted 4. 过去将来时1)从过去某时看将要发生的动作。I never imagined that he would become a doctor.I was about to leave when my uncle arrived.2)co
22、me, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移动的词，可用过去进行时表过去将来。Mr. Smith telephoned home to tell his wife that John was coming for supper.He told me that he _(leave) soon.小结：I. 用所给动词的适当的过去时或将来时的形式填充。1. Lets keep to the point or we _ never_ (reach) any decisions.2. My mind wasnt on what he was saying, so Im afraid I_ (
23、miss) half of it.3. I dont think Jim saw me; he _ just _ (stare) into space.4. I _ (ask) you not to move my dictionarynow I cant find it.5. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _ (begin) to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.6. -George and Lucy got married
24、last week. Did you go to their wedding? -No, I _ _ _(invite). Did they have a big wedding? 7. Shirley _ (write) a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.8. John and I have been friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _ _(s
25、ee) each other a couple of times before that.9. His wife _ _ (hope) to catch the first train but she was too late.10. I _ _ (catch) in the heavy rain on the way to the cinema.11. I found the sentence _ _ (not read) smoothly.12. What he had said at the meeting _ (prove) true.13. -Did you see Tom at t
26、he party? - No. He _ _ (leave) by the time I arrived.14. - How time flies! Its already 10 oclock. - Oh, I _ _ (not realize) it at all.15. - Im sorry that I shouldnt have been so rude to you. - You did_ (lose) your temper but thats OK.II.用所给动词的适当的过去时或将来时的形式确翻译下列各句 ：1. The thief tried to break away fr
27、om the policeman who _ _(一直抓着) him but failed.2. -What were you doing when Tony phoned you? -I had just finished my work and _ _(正准备开始)to take a shower. 3. -You were out when I dropped in at your house. -Oh, I_ _(在等候)for a friend from England at the airport. 4. - Why havent you asked her to come her
28、e? - She _(正在做) an important experiment when I found her and she hasnt finished it. 5. - What were you up to when she dropped in? - I_ _(刚玩了一会儿)for a while and _ _ _ _(正打算看书) some reading.6.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _often_(会看到) advertisement showing happy families.7. - What
29、place is it?- Havent you seen that we are back where we _(回到了原地)?8. - Tomorrow is my birthday. Id like you and Jane to come.- Im not sure if she _ _ (将)free. 9. The crazy fans _ _ _(一直在等)patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie star arrived. 10. You_ _(要求你ask) not to move the deskn
30、ow it is broken. 单项选择：1. Look! How wonderful my car is! Oh, Jack. What are you thinking about? Dont you like it? Im sorry I _ any remark about it in time. I certainly think its smart.A. wasnt making B. dont makeC. wont make D. didnt make2. To find the street where I lived in my childhood is no easy
31、task because the city _ so rapidly all these years.A. is changing B. has changedC. will have changed D. will change3. He _ quite well, but he hasnt had time to swim since this summer.A. will swim B. have swum C. swam D. swims4. Jimmy said that he would come to pick me up, but he _by now.A. hasnt tur
32、ned up B. doesnt turn upC. wont turn up D. hadnt turned up5. Im terribly sorry for being late, but I _ the wrong bus.A. catch B. had caughtC. caughtD. catching6. The truth, sir, is that the old man _ across the road when my car hit him.A. was to walk B. had been walking C. walked D. was walking7. I
33、really dont think Rose will be upset, but I will go and see her in case she _.A. is B. does C. will beD. has been8. The computers made by our company sell best, but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they _.A. were playingB. were to playC. had played D. played9
34、. Kate is in hospital. Oh, really? I _. _ visit her.A. didnt know; Ill go andB. dont know; Ill go andC. dont know; Im going toD. didnt know; Im going to10. Where _ the guidebook? I cant see it anywhere. I _ it right here, but now its gone.A. did you put; have putB. had you put; have putC. have you p
35、ut; putD. were you putting; put11. Do you live in this city? No, we _ it for holidays.A. just visit B. just visited C. are just visiting D. have visited12. How is the old man now? Sorry, he _ though they did all they could to save him.A. was deadB. had died C. has been dead D. died13.The lake will b
36、e further polluted unless some measures _.A. will be taken B. are takenC. were taken D. had been taken 14. Im afraid it will be two months _.A. when I come back B. when Ill come backC. before I come backD. before Ill come back15.The workers _ busily when the boss came to look for something he _ in t
37、he office.A. had worked, had left B. were working ; had left C. working ; had left D. had worked; left16.The notice _ “No smoking”.A. is told B. readsC. tells D. is read17. The old man _ two days after he had been sent to hospital. A. died B. would die C. had died D. has died 18. Old McDonald gave u
38、p smoking for a while, but soon _ to his old ways. A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned 19. I _ my son _ a doctor, but he wasnt good enough at science. A. hoped; would become B. had hoped; would become C. had hoped; will become D. hope; will become 20. I _ to take a good holiday t
39、his year, but I wasnt able to get away. A. hope B. have hoped C. had hoped D. hoped 21. Helen _ _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come 22.He stepped into the office, _ down and began to fill
40、in the forms. A. sitting B. to sit C. sat D. having it23.She said she would telephone but we _from her so far. A.havent heard B.didnt hear C.hadnt heard D.wont hear24.When I got to the cinema, the film_ _for ten minutes. A.has begun B.had begun C.had been on D.was25.Ill go with you as soon as I_my h
41、omework. A.will finish B.finish C.am finishing D.finished26.If it_tomorrow,I wont go to the cinema. A.will rain B.rains C.is raining D.rained27.She is going to be a nurse when she_up. A.is going to grow B.grows C.growing D.grew28.I would rather I _ to bed earlier yesterday evening.A. went B. have go
42、neC. go D. had gone29. Come in, Peter, I want to show you something. Oh, how nice of you! I _ you _ to bring me a gift. A.never think; are going B.never thought; were going C.didnt think; were going D.hadt thought; were going30.When I was at college I _ three foreign languages,but I _ all except for
43、 a few words of each. A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten C.had spoken;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten31.The police found that the house _ and a lot of things _. A.has broken into; has been stolen B.had broken into; had been stolen C.has been broken into; stolen D.had been broken
44、into; stolen32.The volleyball match will be put off if it_. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining33.Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes34.The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _ in the office. A. had written; left B. were
45、 writing; has left C. had written; had left D. were writing; had left35. Have you moved into the new house? No yet, the rooms _, A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting36. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _ to her? A. was happening B. t
46、o happen C. has happened D. having happened37. Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming38. We could have walked to the station.It was so near. Yes, A taxi _ at all necessary. A. wasnt B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wont be39.If city n
47、oises _ from increasing, people _ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to40.Tom _ into the house when no one _. A. slipped; was looking B. had slipped; looked C. slipped; had looked D. was slippping; looked