1、话题素材海底世界好词1beach n. 沙滩 2.surface n. 水面；表面3serious adj. 严重的 4.waves n. 波浪5shallow adj.浅的 6.still adj.平静的7fresh water 淡水 8.sea port 海港9underground water 地下水10sea animals and plants 海洋动植物11ocean environmental protection 海洋环保12the depths of the sea 海洋深度13be abundant in 丰富；富含14be greatly surprised/astoni
2、shed 惊奇不已15World Ocean Day 世界海洋日佳句1Some people have seen the sea, while others havent.有些人见过大海，然而另一些人没见过。2The sea looks beautiful on a fine day. But it_can_be_very_rough when there is a strong wind.在晴朗的日子，大海看起来很美，可是在刮大风时，大海很粗暴。3Do you know the Dead Sea? It is so salty that you cant sink when you are
3、in the water.你知道死海吗？那里的水很咸，当你在水中时，你不会沉下去。精美语篇Beihai Aquatic Products Museum (北海水产品展示馆) is located in the Seashore Park of Beihai City. Opened to the public in 1978， it is regarded as the largest aquatic products museum in China. Besides the sea animals and plants in South China Sea which are common
4、in any kind of aquatic products museum， this museum also gives visitors an opportunity to see some special ones. A Dugong (美人鱼)， which is quite rare on earth now， about 2 meters long， is now on display in the Sea Animal Hall. Some sea animals， such as the Chinese White Dolphin， which are protected b
5、y the Chinese government， are also on exhibition. 高频单词1accommodation (n.) 住所；住宿accommodate (vt.) 提供住宿2abandon (vt.) 放弃；遗弃；抛弃abandoned (adj.) 被遗弃的；放纵的3reflect (vi.) 思考 (vt.) 映射；反射；思考reflection (n.) 反射；反映4aware (adj.) 意识到的；知道的awareness (n.) 意识；觉悟5conservation (n.) 保存；保护conserve (vt.) 保存；保藏6scare (vt.)
6、 恐吓 (vi.) 受惊吓scared (adj.) 恐惧的；害怕的scary (adj.) 引起恐慌的7tasty (adj.) 好吃的；可口的taste (v.) 品尝；有味道 (n.) 味道；喜好tasteless (adj.) 无味的；不可口的8annual (adj.) 每年的；按年度计算的(n.) 年刊；年鉴annually (adv.) 每年地；年度地anniversary (n.) 周年纪念9depth (n.) 深(度)；深处deep (adj.) 深的deepen (v.) 加深10relationship (n.) 关系；血缘关系；交往relation (n.) 关系；联
7、系；交往；亲戚(关系)；亲属(关系)relate (vt.&vi.) (把)联系起来；讲述；叙述relative (adj.) 与有关的；相比较的11urge (vt.) 催促；极力主张；驱策urgent (adj.) 急迫的；催促的；强求的urgency (n.) 紧急，迫切12sharp (adj.) 锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的sharpen (vt.&vi.) (使)变锋利；削尖；磨快sharpener (n.) 削刀；磨床；磨器；磨具13narrow (adj.) 狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的narrowly (adv.) 仅仅；勉强地 重点短语1._sort_out分类；整理2be_about
8、_to 即将；将要3ahead_of 优于；在前面4aim_at 瞄准5in_the_meantime 在此期间；与此同时6help(.)out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难7be/become_aware_of 对知道、明白；意识到8upside_down 上下翻转9get_close_to 靠近10be_scared_to_death 吓死了11hold_up 阻挡12reflect_on 认真思考/沉思13be_abandoned_by. 被遗弃 热点句型1a timewhen引导的定语从句It_was_a_time_when(那是一个时期)the killer whales, or “k
9、illers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.(教材P19)2be about to动词原形 表示即将发生的事情This was the call that announced there_was_about_to_be (即将有)a whale hunt.(教材P20)3v.ing的被动式作宾语补足语As we drew closer, I could see_a_whale_being_attacked (看到一
10、条鲸鱼正在被袭击)by a pack of about six other killers. (教材P20)4with的复合结构作状语Im sitting in the warm night air with_a_cold_drink_in_my_hand (手持一杯冷饮)and reflecting on the daya day of pure magic！(教材P24)5where., there be. “在的地方有”，where 引导地点状语从句The water was quite shallow but where_the_reef_ended,_there_was (在珊瑚礁尽
11、头的地方，有) a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.(教材P24)6动名词的复合结构作宾语The fish didnt seem to mind_me_swimming_among_them_(介意我在它们中间游动)(教材P24) 教材复现在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1I thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then I _ (witness) it with my own eyes many times.答案：witnessed由时间状语then可知应为
12、一般过去时，故应填witnessed。2I looked down into the water and could see Old Tom swimming by the boat, _ (show) us the way.答案：showingOld Tom与show之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。3From James face, I could see he was terrified of _ (abandon) by us.答案：being abandoned句意：从詹姆斯的脸上，我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。介词of后应用v.ing形式，且句意表被动，故填being
13、abandoned。4It took over half an hour _ (get) the boat back to James.答案：to getIt takes/took一段时间to do sth.“花费多长时间做”。5And then Old Tom was off and back to the hunt where the other killers were still _ (attack) the whale.答案：attacking该句为过去进行时，故应填attacking。6_ (see) such extraordinary beauty, I think every
14、 cell in my body woke up.答案：Seeing考查分词作状语。see与其逻辑主语I构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故填现在分词seeing。7A large wiselooking turtle was passing so close to me _ I could have touched it.答案：thatso.that.“如此以致于”。8The first thing I became aware _ was all the vivid colours surrounding me.答案：ofbe/become aware of“意识到”。9Then there were
15、 two grey reef sharks, each about one and a half metres long, _ suddenly appeared from behind some coral.答案：which该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为two grey reef sharks，从句中缺少主语，故填which。10I told myself they werent dangerous but that didnt stop me _ (feel) scared to death for a moment!答案：feelingstop sb. (from) doing“阻止某
16、人做”。1witnessn目击者；证人；证据vt.当场见到；目击I thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.(P20)当时我以为这只是个故事，但是后来我却多次亲眼目睹了这样的事情。(1)a witness to sth.某事的证人/证明in witness of 作为的证据bear/give witness to sth.为作证；证明(2)witness for为作证witness to (doing) sth.作证证明(做)某事20
17、13陕西高考The witnesses questioned by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.刚才被警察问询的目击者对于这场争斗给出了不同的描述。Many times, Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnessed squirrels being run over.彼得斯和其他在Park Plaza及其附近工作的人员多次目睹了松鼠被撞到。The driver witnessed_to_having_seen th
18、e man enter the building.司机作证说，他看到此人进入那栋大楼。2urgevt.催促；极力主张；驱策n强烈的欲望；冲动“Man overboard! Turn the boat around！” urged George, shouting loudly. (P20)乔治催促着，大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调回去！”(1)urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事urge sb. into doing sth. 怂恿某人做某事urge that.(should)_do sth. 极力主张；强调It is urged that.(should)_do sth.
19、 坚决要求(2)have the urge to do sth. 有做某事的欲望(3)urgent adj. 紧迫的，迫切的，非常重要的(4)urgency n. 紧急；迫切2014上海高考In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, urging the local government to_give financial support to struggling shops.据估计，在2010年共有大约400家村里的商店关门，这就督促当地政府给予正在拼搏中的商店一定的经济支持。牛津词典The report u
20、rged that all children be_taught to swim.这份报告呼吁教所有的儿童游泳。It is urged that the government (should)_take immediate action to prevent such thing happening again.人们极力主张政府应该立即采取措施阻止此类事情再度发生。北师大1Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.一天中的每分钟都排满了急待解决的事情。3abandonvt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃From Jamess face, I
21、could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. (P21)从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。(1)abandon ones hope/plan/idea/post 放弃希望/计划/主意/职位abandon oneself to. 沉湎于；纵情于abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地(3)abandoned adj. 无约束的；被遗弃的；废弃的2015广东高考He owned a farm, which looked almost abandoned.他有一座农场，看
22、起来几近荒芜。2015北京高考Grylls is_abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.Grylls被遗弃在一片荒野，不得不寻求出路。It was not until then that I realized how foolish it was of me to abandon_myself_to computer games.直到那时我才意识到自己迷恋电脑游戏是多么地愚蠢。4oppositeadj.相反的；不同的n相反的事物；对立的人/物/反面prep.与相对We ran down to the shore in time
23、 to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water.(P20)我们及时赶到岸边，看到在我们对面一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面(1)be opposite to在对面just the opposite恰恰相反(2)oppose vt.反对、反抗oppose sb./sth.反对oppose doing sth.反对做某事(3)opposed adj.反抗的，抵抗的be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对做某事be opposed to.与相反(4)opposition n抵抗；反对2015北
24、京高考Opposite is St. Pauls Church, where you can hear some lovely music.对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你能听到一些美妙的音乐。He lives in the house opposite_to ours.他住在我们对面的那栋房子里。2013上海高考Opposing the EU directive would mean beneficial measures like this would be threatened.反抗欧盟将会意味着像这样有益的措施将会受到威胁。5reflectvi.思考vt.映射；反射；思考Im sitting
25、 in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the daya day of pure magic！(P24)我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情这是神奇的一天！(1)be reflected in 被反映在；被映照在中reflect on/upon sth. 仔细考虑/思考某事reflect that. 思考(2)reflection n. 反射；反映；沉思；倒影，影像be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中a reflection of 的反映2015广东高考A p
26、ersons accent reflects his class.一个人的口音反映出他的阶级。2014湖北高考He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city.他想让玻璃的表面去反射天空和城市。It is time that we reflected_on our behaviour and took effective steps to protect the environment or the earth will be unfit for us to live on one day.到了反思我们行为并采取有效措施保
27、护环境的时候了，否则地球将有一天不再适合我们居住。过关演练单句语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式12015福建高考It is not the story itself but what is _ (reflect) in the story that counts.答案：reflected分析句子结构知，空处应填过去分词构成被动。句意：不是故事本身，而是故事中所反映出来的内容重要。22014天津高考Our city _ (witness) four different seasons, plenty of sunshine and good rainfall, b
28、ut in winter you may feel a little cold.答案：witnesses句意：我们的城市见证了四个不同的季节，阳光和雨量充沛，但在冬天，你可能会觉得有点冷。主语为单数形式，故应填witnesses。3We urged that he _ (apology) to Mary.答案：(should) apologize当urge后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词应用should动词原形，should可以省略。42015课标全国卷Tony was _(scare) and begun to cry.答案：scared句意：托尼很害怕，开始哭起来。修饰人，应用形容词scare
29、d，意为“害怕的”。52014课标全国卷Id also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether _ (accommodate) is included.答案：accommodation句意：我也想知道我需要付多少钱，其中是否包含住宿。whether后的从句中缺少主语，故应填名词accommodation。6At that age, I always did something opposite _ whatever my parents did!答案：to句意：在那个年纪，我常与父母对着干！(be) oppo
30、site to.“与相反；在对面”。7He _ (pause) for breath and then continued climbing.答案：paused句意：他暂停下喘口气然后继续爬。由句意及continued一词可知应用一般过去时，故填paused。82014陕西高考I wish that sports day could _ (abandon) and replaced with some other lesscompetitive event.答案：be abandoned句意：我希望运动会能够取消并由一些竞争不太激烈的项目代替。“运动会”应是“被取消”，故应填be abando
31、ned。92014江苏高考A student whose friends are good at academics may _ (urge) to study harder and get good marks.答案：be urged句意：有一个擅长学习的朋友的学生可能会被催促着更加努力学习并取得高分。由句意可知应用被动形式。10He spent six months in prison before _ (flee) the country.答案：fleeing此处before应为介词，故填fleeing。1help (.) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难What evidence w
32、as there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out？(P21)有什么证据能说明老汤姆帮助捕鲸者摆脱险境？(1)help sb. with/(to) do sth. 帮助某人某事/做某事cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事cant help but_do sth. 只得做某事；不得不做某事help yourself (to sth.) 随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用等)(2)with the help of sb.with_ones_help在某人的帮助下Wed better sometimes talk with our parent
33、s, teachers or friends, who may help_us_out when were in trouble.我们最好偶尔同老师、父母、朋友交流，在我们有困难时，他们会帮助我们脱离困境。2015课标全国卷A home environment in blue can help_people_reduce food intake.蓝色家居环境能帮助人们减少食物摄入量。2015陕西高考Six volunteers slid down the cliff with_the_help_of a rope.六名志愿者借助绳索滑下悬崖。2014重庆高考Some people believ
34、e that they cant_help_putting_on_weight as they get older.一些人认为他们随着年龄增长会禁不住长胖。2become/be aware of 意识到The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding mepurples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens.(P24)我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色等。(1)be aware that. 知道；体会到make sb.
35、aware of/that. 使某人注意到；提醒某人注意as far as Im aware 据我所知(2)awareness n. 意识；认识；察觉develop an awareness of. 培养的意识raise awareness 提高认识2014浙江高考I was offering them as well, without being_aware_of doing it, a new and exciting experience.在没有意识到的情况下，我给了他们一个全新的，令人兴奋的经历。2015课标全国卷New students are now aware_that they
36、 are likely to leave university up to 15,000 in debt.新生们现在意识到他们很可能在大学毕业时负债高达15000英镑。We must take measures to raise_everyones_awareness of protecting our environment.我们必须要采取措施提高所有人的环保意识。过关演练选词填空(be) scared to death； upside down； help out； aware of； in the meantime； sort out； hold up； reflect on12014陕
37、西高考We realized an elderly woman had fallen over at the entrance. Fortunately a lot of people stopped to _.答案：help out22015广东高考However, a similar study of British accents in the US turned these results _.答案：upside down3After I heard the terrifying news, nothing could have stopped me from feeling _.答案
38、：scared to death4You should set aside some time to _ your successes and failures.答案：reflect on5The building work has been _ by the bad weather.答案：held up62014天津高考Looking at her large empty apartment, I became _ how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself.答案：aware of7She told me to _ the pa
39、pers that could be thrown away.答案：sort out8I like skiing and _， I know it is very dangerous.答案：in the meantime1It_was_a_time_when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.(P19)那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸
40、迁徙时捕捉须鲸。语境助记It_was_a_time_when motorcars were rare.那时汽车是很罕见的。There_was_a_time_when this style of dress was popular with young girls.曾经一度这种款式的服装很受年轻女孩的欢迎。I still remember a_time_when I lived in Germany.我仍记得在德国住过的那一段时间。2The water was quite shallow but where_ the reef ended, there_was a steep drop to t
41、he sandy ocean floor.(P24)水很浅，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。where.， there be.意为“在的地方；有”。where引导地点状语从句，另外wherever“在何处；无论何处”也可引导地点状语从句。语境助记2015安徽高考Where he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在有着更进一步、不断向前的决心。2014课标全国卷Since then, we ha
42、ve been allowing tomatoes to selfseed where they please.从那以后，我们一直让圣女果自己繁殖。2014重庆高考Cultural differences occur wherever you go.无论你走到哪里，文化差异都会发生。必背佳句Where there is a will, there_is a way.有志者，事竟成。过关演练.单句语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)12015北京高考On Tuesday, Nicholas stayed _ he was.答案：where句意：在星期二，Nicholas待在原地。where
43、引导地点状语从句。2.2013北京高考You have to trust your mind that itll take you _ you want to go.答案：where句意：你必须相信你的头脑，它会带你去你想去的地方。3There was a time _ mini skirt was in fashion.答案：when句意：迷你裙曾经一度很流行。4I strongly believe that _ there is a dream, there is hope.答案：where句意：我坚信有梦想，就有希望。5It was a time _ most people did no
44、t know how to operate a computer.答案：whenIt/There was a time when.“曾经一度(那时)”。.翻译句子1在有河流的地方就会有城市。_答案：Where there is a river, there is a city.2曾经一度我感觉很孤独。_答案：There was a time when I felt very lonely.复习ing 形式的被动语态当动词ing形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，就要用动词ing形式的被动语态，即being done形式。它与其主动语态一样在句中可充当主语、宾语、定语、补语、状语。(1)作主语bei
45、ng done用于句首作主语，表示一个被动的动作。Being exposed (expose) to sunshine for too much time will do harm to ones skin.(2)作宾语being done 可以用于动词或介词后作宾语，表示一个被动的动作。2014北京高考The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without being recognized (recognize)(3)作定语being done 作定语，只能置于被修饰名词后，表示一个正在进行的被动动作。The
46、 problem being discussed (discuss) now is very important.(4)作补足语being done 可以用在某些动词(see, hear, watch, feel, notice, find, keep.)后作宾语补足语，表示一个正在进行的被动动作。Youll find the topic being discussed (discuss) everywhere now.(5)作状语being done用作状语，是一个比较重要的用法，主要用于句首表示原因，有时也表示其他关系(如时间等)。Being repaired (repair)，the r
47、oad is blocked now.“being done”的完成时为“having been done”通常在句中多作宾语和状语。Having been taught (teach) many times, the boy still didnt know how to do the exercises.“being done”的否定形式为“not being done”；其完成式为“not having been done”。He was unhappy for not being invited (not invite) to the party.过关演练单句语法填空用括号内单词的正确
48、形式填空12014大纲全国卷After only six months of _ (care) by 25yearold woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions.答案：being cared介词of后接v.ing形式，且由空后的by可知表示被动，故填being cared。22015湖南高考As a student, I can tell you that there is nothing better than _ (praise) by my teacher befor
49、e my classmates.答案：being praised32014江苏高考The lecture _ (give), a lively questionandanswer session followed.答案：given/having been given此处为独立主格结构，lecture与give之间为被动关系，且表示发生在谓语动词之前。4Tom didnt show up in the important ceremony for _ (inform)答案：not being informed介词for后应接v.ing形式，且Tom是被告知。句意：汤姆没有出现在这次重要的典礼上，因为没有接到通知。5The building _ (build) now will be used as our reading room.答案：being built句意：正在被修建的大楼将用作我们的读书室。考查being done作定语，表示正在进行的被动动作。