1、Book 6 Unit 3 Understanding each other 课 前 自 主 学 习 课 堂 知 识 突 破 栏目导航 晨读暮诵 单元话题人际关系1treasure v珍惜；珍藏2partner n伙伴3memory n记忆4appreciate v感激；欣赏5communicate v交际；沟通6relative n亲属7precious adj.珍贵的8relationship n人际关系9concern n&v.关心，担心10forgive v宽恕11misunderstanding n误会12valuable adj.宝贵的，贵重的13fall in love with
2、爱上14trust each other相互信任15be loyal to对忠诚16turn to sb.for help向某人求助17look down upon看不起；轻视18know sb.well熟知某人19be on good terms with sb.与某人关系好20fit in with与相适应/相融洽1A friend is someone whom you could tell everything to and also the one who understands what you are going through.朋友是那个你可以向他倾诉一切并且懂得你所经历的事情
3、的人。2Im sorry you are having trouble in making friends.However,the situation is easy to change if you take my advice.很抱歉你在交友上遇到麻烦。然而，假如你听从我的建议，情况是很容易改变的。3As far as Im concerned,to build a good relationship,we should trust each other first.就我个人而言，要建立良好的人际关系，我们首先应该彼此信任。4Being polite is the most importa
4、nt step to develop relationship among friends.礼貌是建立朋友关系当中最重要的一步。5What I want to stress is that each of us should listen more to others.我想强调的是我们中的每一个人都应该更多地倾听别人。6As we all know making friends can help us establish good interpersonal relationships.众所周知，交友有助于我们建立良好的人际关系。假如你是李华，你的两位美国笔友Jack与Sam几天前发生了不愉快
5、的事。5月2日是Sam的生日，Jack想送他一份礼物来跟他和好，特地发来邮件寻求你的建议。请你根据以下要点给Jack回一封邮件：1选择什么礼物；2你的理由是什么；3其他建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考范文Dear Jack，Im glad to hear that you are considering making up with Sam.If I were you,I would consider a bike as a birthday present for him.As far as I know,Sam liv
6、es near his school so he can take more exercise by riding a bike.In the meanwhile,you can often go for an outing together by bike，which is of great benefit to rebuilding your friendship.Besides，riding a bike is an environmentally friendly means of transport.Its convenient for him to get around as we
7、ll.Apart from giving him a gift,you can also take the following ideas into consideration,such as travelling,seeing a movie,having meals and playing football or basketball together.Whatever you do,being sincere is the most important，I really hope that you can be good friends again.May your friendship
8、 last forever.Yours truly，Li Hua高频词汇1_(vt.)保证，担保，确保2_(n.)招待会；接待；接受3_(vt.)(尤指以法令)禁止4_(prep.&adv.)自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处，遍及5_(adj.)习惯于；惯常的【答案】1.ensure 2.reception 3.prohibit 4.throughout 5accustomed6_(adj.)相像；(adv.)十分相像地；同样地7_(adj.)通晓；熟悉8_(n.)手势；姿势；示意动作9_(adj.)轻微的10_(n.)盛宴，宴会；节日【答案】6.alike 7.familiar 8.gestur
9、e 9.slight 10.feast 11_(n.)描述，叙述12_(n.)面具；(vt.)伪装，掩饰13_(n.)平原；(adj.)清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；朴素的14_(vt.)复述，转述【答案】11.account 12.mask 13.plain 14.retell派生词汇1_(vt.)向(某人)道贺，祝贺_(n.)祝贺2_(vt.&vi.)允许，准许(n.)许可证_(n.)允许，许可3_(n.)冒犯；侮辱_(vt.&vi.)触怒；冒犯；犯过错4_(vi.&vt.)适应，习惯；调整，调节_(n.)调整_(adj.)可调整的，可调节的【答案】1.congratulate；congratu
10、lation 2.permit；permission3offence；offend 4.adjust；adjustment；adjustable 5_(n.)庆典；庆祝活动_(v.)庆祝6_(n.)期望，盼望_(v.)期望7_(n.)少数民族；少数，少数人_(n.)多数；多数人(反义词)8_(n.)勇敢_(adj.)勇敢的【答案】5celebration；celebrate 6.expectation；expect7minority；majority 8.bravery；brave词缀归纳在adjustable一词中，“-able”为形容词后缀。常见的还有：portable adj.手提式的；
11、reasonable adj.合情合理的；reliable adj.可靠的，可信的；suitable合适的；valuable adj.宝贵的。语境活用1As soon as I walked into the banquet hall，I began to look around the crowded room,seeking a_(熟悉的)face.2I can not see where they differ from each other;to me they look exactly_(相似的)3The government department concerned _(保证)th
12、at timely action was taken to resolve the heating in winter.【答案】1.familiar 2.alike 3.ensured 4.Your_(叙述)of what happened does not tie in with what three other witnesses have said.5.It is a tale which has often been_(转述)within West Indian literature.6It snowed_(自始至终)the night.The whole town was cover
13、ed with snow.【答案】4.account 5retold 6.throughout 7.It was a few moments before his eyes_(适应)to the bright glare of the sun.8.Our_(期望)is that we should be there.In fact,we should have gotten there a long time ago.【答案】7.adjusted 8.expectation1be _ to do sth.应该做某事2adjust _ 适应3be accustomed to _ sth.习惯做某
14、事4after _ 毕竟，终究5do _ 没有也行6_ alone 更不用说【答案】1.supposed 2.to 3.doing 4.all 5.without 6let7take _ 占据(时间或空间)8belong _ 属于9be home _ 是的家园10have power _ 控制，支配11be familiar _ 通晓，熟悉12show sb._ 带某人参观、游览【答案】7.up 8.to 9.to 10.over 11.with 12.around13shake hands _ 和握手14be aware _ 意识到，清楚15have trouble(in)_ sth.做有困
15、难16congratulate sb._ sth.祝贺某人某事17provide_给提供18meet _ 遇见，碰到【答案】13with 14.of 15.doing 16.on 17.with 18.with语境活用1We could overcome any hard difficulty，let_ this little thing.2A great deal of my time is taken_ with reading critical essays and reviews.3The species that fail to adjust_ the changing condit
16、ions of existence will gradually become extinct.【答案】1.alone 2.up 3.to 4Having been with him for a while，I was deeply aware _ that he was someone worth trusting.5Pat will show you_ the building so you can meet everyone.6China is a vast country which is home_ an amazing variety of landscapes,plants an
17、d animals.7Each great man belongs_ his time and can come only at his proper moment.【答案】4.of 5.around 6.to 7.to8I am not familiar_ the field.Im ready to hear your suggestions.9The first time I met Mr.Black in London，he shook hands_ me warmly.10In general I feel like I get accustomed _ Chinese way of
18、life and like here very much.【答案】8to 9.with 10.to1.原句 Its quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.点拨 it 为形式主语，真正的主语是动名词短语 watching仿写 学而不思则惘。It is no use _ without thinking.【答案】1.learning2.原句 Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.点拨 have trouble(in
19、)doing sth.“做某事有困难”。仿写 当你学英语有困难时，你可以向老师寻求帮助。You could ask the teacher for help when you _ English.【答案】2.have trouble(in)learning 3.原句 One reason why there are so many French words in English is that the French ruled England for quite a number of years.点拨 the reason whyis that“的原因是”，其中 why 引导定语从句，tha
20、t 引导表语从句。仿写 我们种树的原因是它们能为我们提供新鲜的空气。_ we have to grow the trees _ they can provide us with fresh air.【答案】3.The reason why；is that 4原句 They dislike it when people do not look at the cards，so remember not to just put them in your pocket without looking.点拨 dislike/like/hate/appreciate/depend onit宾语从句，动词
21、dislike 之后不能直接跟名词性从句作宾语，需用 it 作形式宾语。仿写 如果您能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议，我将不胜感激。_ if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.【答案】4.I would appreciate it 第一板块 核心词汇基础知识要牢记1ensure vt.保证，担保，确保ensure(doing)sth.保证(做)某事ensure sb.sth.保证/确保某人(得到)某物ensure sb.from/against sth.保护某人免受的伤害ensure thatmake su
22、re that 确保/保证His wife ensured that he took all his pills every day.他妻子确保他每天都服下所有该服的药片。Every few years，the coal workers have their lung X rays _ their health.矿工们每隔几年就要做肺部X光检查以确保健康。You must come early to ensure _ a good seat.要确保弄到个好位子，你必须早点来。【答案】to ensure getting2congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺(1)congratul
23、ate sb.on/upon(doing)sth.祝贺某人(做了)某事congratulate oneself(on sth.)(因成就或成功)为自己感到骄傲或自豪(2)congratulation n.祝贺，贺词congratulations to sb.on sth.为某事祝贺某人Congratulations!恭喜！You can congratulate yourself on having done a good job.你的工作做得很出色，你应该感到自豪。We offer our _ to you on your passing the College Entrance Exami
24、nation.我们祝贺你们通过了高考。【答案】congratulations 词义辨析 congratulate作“祝贺，道贺”解时，应以被祝贺的人作宾语，用介词on或upon引出祝贺的原因celebrate表示举行仪式、典礼的庆祝，只能用事(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语Their son was admitted to Beijing University.They held a party to _ it.In the party，their friends _ them on their sons success.Some who didnt come telephoned to give
25、 their _ to them.【答案】celebrate；congratulated；congratulations3permit vt.&vi.允许，准许 n.许可证(1)permit sb.sth.permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事permit doing sth.允许做某事sth.permitting许可的话(独立主格)(2)permission nU 允许，许可with/without ones permission 获取某人同意/没有获得某人许可ask for permission 请求允许No reference books are to be taken
26、out of the reading room without permission.未经许可，参考书不准带出阅览室。Students are not permitted _ calculators when they take college entrance examinations.在参加大学入学考试时学生不允许使用计算器。Time/Weather _，I will see you after the meeting.如果时间/天气允许的话，会后我去看你。【答案】to use permitting温馨提示 permit充当名词时为可数名词，意为“许可证，执照”；permission为不可
27、数名词，意为“许可”。4adjust vi.&vt.适应，习惯；调整，调节(1)adjust to(doing)sth.适应(做)某事，习惯(做)某事adjustto 将调整到；使适应adjust oneself to(doing)sth.使自己适应(做)某事(2)adjustment n.调整，适应make an adjustment to 对做出调整These desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child.这些桌椅可以随儿童的身高而调整。We must adjust ourselves _ the changing s
28、ociety unless we want to be left behind.如果我们不想落后，我们就必须让自己适应这个不断变化的社会。【答案】toSince everything develops,we have to make an _ to the changing situation.既然一切在发展变化，我们必须做出调整以适应改变的形势。【答案】adjustment(2016高考全国新课标卷，书面表达)星期五下午我不能跟你一块去书店的原因是那天下午我有个重要的会议要参加。翻译 The reason why I cant go to the bookstore with you on
29、Friday afternoon is that I have to attend an important meeting that afternoon.5accustomed adj.习惯于；惯常的(1)get/become/grow/be accustomed to(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事(2)accustom vt.使习惯于accustom sb./oneself to(doing)sth.使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事She was a person accustomed to _ eight hours sleep a night.她是那种习惯每晚睡八个小时的人。Acc
30、ustomed to living in the countryside，Mr.Wang found it hard to live in the city.习惯于生活在农村，王先生发现很难在城市生活。【答案】having温馨提示 be accustomed to 表示状态；become/get/grow accustomed to 表示非延续性的动作。6familiar adj.通晓；熟悉be familiar to 为所熟悉be familiar with 精通，通晓Were quite familiar _ each other；my room neighbours his.我们很熟悉，
31、我的房间挨着他的。【答案】withGuo Degang has become a crosstalk performer familiar to every one of us.郭德刚已成为一位我们大家都熟悉的相声演员。温馨提示 be familiar to的主语可以是人，也可以是物，宾语通常是人；be familiar with的主语只能是人，宾语是所熟悉的内容或物。7account nC描述，叙述；解释，说明；账户vt.认为vi.解释；(数量上、比例上)占(1)give an account of 给予描述；进行说明take sth.into account/take account of
32、 sth.认真考虑某事on account of 由于，因为on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)open an account 开一个账户(2)account for (数量上、比例上)占，占据；是的原因；对做出解释和说明These products,in total,account _ about 80%of all our sales.这些产品总共约占我们全部销售额的80%。On no account are visitors allowed to feed animals in the wild-animal park.决不允许游客在野生动物区给动物喂食。The
33、 newspaper gave an incorrect account of the traffic accident.这报纸给予的关于交通事故的叙述是不正确的。【答案】for8let alone更不用说leave/let sb.alone 别烦某人leave/let sth.alone 别碰某物；别管某事He cant even understand simple conversations，let alone difficult ones.简单的对话他尚且都不懂，更何况难的了。Please let me _.I need a quiet place to think it over.请不
34、要打扰我。我需要安静的地方思考。He will let alone things that might cause trouble.他从来不干会招惹是非的事。They didnt even touch on that question，let alone discuss it.那个问题他们根本没有提到，更谈不上讨论了。【答案】alone温馨提示 let alone“更不用说”，相当于一个插入语，但其后所接的词的形式要求与前面的平行一致，一般用于否定句之后。其同义短语是not to mention。9take up占据(时间或空间等)；开始从事；接着，继续；拿起；接受一词多义写出下列句中take
35、 up的含义。Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？_We tried to find a table for seven,but they were all taken up._【答案】接受 占据 She took up the story where Tim had left off._I always take up the book and read when I am in my low spirits._This type of influence can als
36、o get a friend off drugs,or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one._【答案】继续 拿起 开始养成(习惯)10have power over 控制，支配in power 在掌权come to/into power 上台执政，掌权beyond ones power 为某人能力所不及in/within ones power 在能力/权力之内do everything in ones power 尽力做某事That we have power over a situation gives us a f
37、eeling of power.我们控制了局面，这让我们感到自己很强大。The decision is in the hand of him；I couldnt do the things _ my power.决定权在他那儿，我不能越权而为之。I shall be happy to give you any information _ my power.我将很乐意向您提供我所知道的任何信息。【答案】beyond in温馨提示 in power 表示状态；come to/into power 表示动作。词汇训练全通关.单句语法填空1They are quiet，arent they?Yes.T
38、hey are accustomed to _(not talk)at meals.2The party will be held in the garden，weather _(permit)3I got that job I wanted at the public library._(congratulate)！Thats good news.【答案】1.not talking 2.permitting 3.Congratulations4_(ensure)that your resume works for you,I recommend writing it more like a
39、proposal than a job description.5I havent decided on the menu yet，let alone _(buy)the food.6The new rule has come into effect that in no account _(be)smoking permitted in public places.7The government passed a regulation to prohibit _(park)in the city centre.【答案】4To ensure 5.bought 6.is 7.parking 8A
40、re you getting on well with your workmates?Well，almost none is familiar _ me up till now.9My family were moving to the countryside and I would have to make some _(adjust)and learn to lead a different life there.10The three sisters decided to hold a family party to _(celebration)their parents silver
41、wedding.【答案】8.with 9adjustment 10.celebrate.单句改错1The new school rule prohibit wearing colorful clothes._2Youll soon get accustomed to walk long distances._3Six months after the accident，he still had difficulty walking._【答案】1.prohibitprohibits 2.walkwalking3在 difficulty 后加 in 4I hate them when you sa
42、y such a thing in public._5The reason why he was late for school is because his car broke down on the way._【答案】4.themit 5.becausethat第二板块 经典句式基础知识要牢记1Many foreigners have_trouble_getting accustomed to it.很多外国人很难习惯这一点。have(there is)trouble(in)doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”；trouble为不可数名词，前面可加修饰词much，little，no等。
43、trouble可换用difficulty(不可数名词)；若trouble后跟名词，介词in换成with。Not having got enough hands，we had great difficulty in carrying out the task.由于人手不够，我们很难完成这个任务。Tom and his father had trouble with Chinese customs and culture during the travel.这次旅行中，汤姆和他的父亲在中国习俗和文化方面遇到了麻烦。You can hardly imagine the difficulty the
44、woman had _ her children.你简直无法想象这名妇女抚养孩子所遇到的困难。【答案】bringing up 温 馨 提 示 对 于 句 式 have trouble/difficulty doing sth.的 考 查，常 把trouble/difficulty 提前，后跟定语从句，省略介词 in，导致 have 与后面的动名词连在一起，要注意辨别。2One_reason_why there are so many French words in English is_that the French ruled England for quite a number of ye
45、ars.英语里有如此多的法语词汇的原因是法国人曾统治英格兰很长时间。(1)The reason whyis that表示“的原因是”。在此句型中 why 引导的定语从句修饰 the reason；that 引导表语从句，说明 the reason 的内容。The reason why he failed the exam is that he didnt work hard.他考试不及格的原因是他没努力学习。(2)The reason whyis that的变化形式是：The reason foris that_ their success _ they knew how to study.他
46、们成功的原因在于他们知道如何学习。【答案】The reason for；is that温馨提示 主语为名词reason时，表语从句中的连接词要用that，而不用why或because。(2015高考湖北卷，阅读理解A)The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a tourist-heavy area and tourists are constantly feeding the ponies foods，despite signs asking them not to.分析 句中why引导定语从句，that引导表语
47、从句。翻译 在Haytor马驹淘气的原因是由于这儿是一个游客众多的地方，尽管有警示牌要求他们不要去喂食马驹，但游客们还是经常去做。句式训练全通关.完成句子1试图跟他理论就是浪费时间。It is a waste of time _ to reason with him.2他没通过驾考的原因是他没怎么训练。_ he didnt pass the driving test is _ he had little training.3在学习数学时，我遇到了很大的困难，我很担心。I have great trouble _ and I am so worried.【答案】1.trying 2.The re
48、ason why；that 3.(in)learning Maths.话题写作根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。1正如谚语所说：入乡随俗。2出国时，一定要熟悉当地文化。(be familiar with)3或许他们打招呼的方式是拥抱而不是握手。(greet,hug)4尤其是你参加一些庆祝仪式时，即使你觉得一些风俗很奇怪，但牢记你认为正常的事情在别人看来可能一样奇怪。(celebration，normal，unusual)【参考范文】As the saying goes，when in Rome，do as the Romans do.When you go abroad，you must be familiar with their culture.Perhaps they greet you by hugging instead of shaking hands.Especially when you attend some celebrations even if some customs might seem strange to you，remember that what you consider normal probably seems just as unusual to others.