1、Unit 3 Computers基础自主检测阅读识记.英译汉1.revolution n. 革命2.virus n. 病毒3.coach n. 教练4.mop n. 拖把vt. 用拖把拖；擦.汉译英1.tube n. 管；管子；电子管2.web n. 网3.rocket n. 火箭4.niece n. 侄女；甥女高频应用1.sum n. 总数；算术题；金额2.artificial adj. 人造的；假的work n. 网络；网状物 4.mobile adj. 可移动的；机动的5.anyhow adv. 无论如何；即使如此 6.goal n. 目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分7.download
2、vt. 下载 8.signal vi.& vt. 发信号n. 信号拓展变形1.calculate (vt.) 计算calculation (n.) 计算2.universal (adj.) 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的universe (n.) 宇宙；天地万物3.simplify (vt.) 简化simple (adj.) 简单的simply (adv.) 仅仅；只；不过4.operator (n.) (电脑)操作员；接线员operate (v.) 运转；工作operation (n.) 手术；运作5.logical (adj.) 合逻辑的；合情理的logically (adv.) 逻辑上；合逻辑地
3、；有条理地6.technology (n.) 工艺；科技；技术technological (adj.) 科技的7.intelligence (n.) 智力；聪明；智能intelligent (adj.) 智能的；聪明的8.solve (vt.) 解决；解答solution (n.) 解决；解答9.reality (n.) 真实；事实；现实real (adj.) 真正的；真实的really (adv.) 真正地；确实地10.personal (adj.) 私人的；个人的；亲自的personally (adv.) 就个人而言；亲自personality (n.) 个性；人格；名人11.total
4、(adj.) 总的；整个的 (n.) 总数；合计 (vt.) 共计；总计totally (adv.) 完全地；整个地12.application (n.) 应用；用途；申请apply (v.) 应用；申请applicant (n.) 申请人；求职者applied (adj.) 应用的；实用的13.finance (n.) 金融；财经financial (adj.) 金融的；财政的14.explore (vt. & vi.) 探索；探测；探究explorer (n.) 探险家；勘探者exploration (n.) 探索15.happiness (n.) 幸福；快乐happy (adj.) 高兴
5、的；快乐的16.type (n.) 类型 (vt. & vi.) 打字typist (n.) 打字员17.arise (vi.) 出现；发生arose (过去式)arisen (过去分词)18.electronic (adj.) 电子的electricity (n.) 电；电学19.appearance (n.) 外观；外貌；出现appear (vi.) 出现20.character (n.) 性格；特点characteristic (adj.) 典型的；独特的；特有的 (n.) 特征；特色1.以后缀ify结尾的动词荟萃simplify 简化beautify 美化purify 净化identi
6、fy 鉴定；识别出classify 分类horrify 使恐惧modify 修改；修饰electrify 使电气化2.后缀ology高频名词一览technology 科技biology 生物学ecology 生态学geology 地质学psychology 心理学physiology 生理学3.ABC式过去式、过去分词变化arisearosearisendrivedrovedrivenrideroderiddenriseroserisenwritewrotewritten4.“互联网”家族download vt. 下载upload vt. 上传click vt. 点击connect vt. 连
7、接surf vi.& vt. 浏览network n. 网络database n. 数据库；资料库一 动词介/副词1.deal with 处理；安排；对付2.watch over 看守；监视；照管3.make up 弥补；编造；打扮；构成二 介词名词4.as a result 结果5.in a way 在某种程度上6.with the help of 在的帮助下三 其他7.have sth. in common 有共同之处8.from . on 从时起9.after all 毕竟；终究make相关短语面面观make up 弥补；构成；编造；化妆make believe 假装make for 走
8、向，前往，向前进；有利于make out 填写；开支票；理解；辨认make towards 向前进make it 就这么定了，成功，达到某一特定目标make sense 讲得通；有意义make clear 澄清；弄清楚；说明1.before “之后才”，引导时间状语从句I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before (差不多过了两百年才) I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.(教材P18)2.as “随着”，引导时间状语从句 As
9、time went by (随着时间的推移), I was made smaller.(教材P18)3.so . that . “如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句Over time my memory has developed so much that (如此快以至于), like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told！(教材P18)4.It isadj.to do sth.“做某事是的”I think its impossible to live (无法生活) without computers！(教材P19)5.by t
10、he time . “到为止” By the time I was sixteen (在我满十六岁时)，my dream had come true.(教材P20)6.what引导表语从句After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, using my intelligence is what Im all about (我的一切)！(教材P23)单句语法填空1.From then on, I grew (rapid) both in size and in brainpower.答案：
11、rapidly2.By the 1940s I (grow) as large as a room, and I wondered I would grow any larger.答案：had grown; if3.And my memory became large that even I couldnt believe it！答案：so4.But I was always so lonely (stand) there by myself, until in the early 1960s they gave me a family (connect) by a network.答案：st
12、anding; connected5.Since the 1970s, many new applications (find) for me.答案：have been found6.I have also been put into robots and used (make) mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.答案：to make7.Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans a life of high quality.答案：with8.We are determined (creat
13、e) an even better system.答案：to create9.She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while (watch) human games.答案：watching10.Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation (arise).答案：arises考点步步冲关1 solvevt.解决；解答In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could
14、 be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem.(P18)在1936年，我真正的父亲艾伦图灵写了一本书，讲述了怎样使我成为一台“通用机器”来解决任何数学难题。(1)solve a problem 解决一个问题(2)solution n. 解决办法；处理手段a/the solution to sth. 的解决方法即时练1单句语法填空With most of the problems (solve), I felt a great weight taken off my mi
15、nd.It may take a long time to find a (solve) to the problem.答案：solvedsolution单句写作为了解决这个问题，我和我的朋友一心要给学校提些建议。 ， I, together with my friends, am bent on giving some suggestions to our school.答案：In order to solve the problem2 totallyadv. 完全地；整个地As a result I totally changed my shape.(P18)因此，我已经完全改变了形状。t
16、otal adj.总的；整个的n总数；合计v总计；共计a total of 总共in total (in all) 总计；总共即时练2单句语法填空You got 47 points on the written examination and 18 on the oral, making a total 65. total, 25% of Indias workingage population has no education.They came from (total) different cultures.答案：ofIntotally3 arisevi.出现；发生；(由)引起；起身；起床
17、Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.(P23)然后她把我在新情况下能用得上的可靠动作准备好。(1)arise表示“出现；发生”之意时，其主语多为problem, argument, quarrel, danger, movement, question等抽象名词，多指不好的事情发生或出现。(2)arise from/out of由而引起；由而产生一言辨异One of the problems arising from the present economic situation is that th
18、e price is rising sharply, of course, partly because some illegal businessmen raise it on purpose, which has aroused some objections.当前经济形势产生的问题之一是价格迅速上涨，当然，部分原因是一些不法商贩故意提高价格；这种现象已经引起了一些反对之声。即时练3写出下列句中arise的含义Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment. Mistakes often arise from
19、carelessness. They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park. Seeing their teacher come into the classroom, all the students arose from the chairs. 答案：出现；产生由引起起床起身单句语法填空A new difficulty has (arise)Problems arise the lack of communication.答案：arisenfrom/out of1as a result 结果；因此教材原句 As a resul
20、t I totally changed my shape.(P18)因此，我已经完全改变了形状。as a result表示“结果；因此”，引出结果，在句中充当状语as a result of表示“作为的结果；由于”，引出原因，是介词短语result from由造成；因而产生result in导致即时练1一句多译普遍认为他是因为过度劳累而得了疾病。Its generally believed that his illness the overwork.Its generally believed that the overwork his illness.Its generally believ
21、ed that he suffered from illness the overwork.答案：resulted fromresulted inas a result of2in a way 在某种程度上教材原句 In a way our programmer is like our coach.(P23)在某种程度上，我们的程序员就像我们的教练。all the way一路上；自始至终；完全by the way 顺便问一下by way of 经由；通过方法in this way 用这种方式；通过这种方式in no way 决不in the way 挡道；碍事No way! 俚别想！没门！名师
22、点津(1)表达“在某种程度上”时，还可用in a sense, to a/some degree及to an/some extent三个短语。(2)in no way置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。即时练2用way相关短语的适当形式填空 ， he has made great progress this term.Her social life got of her studies.He decided that he would drive home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night. ， I found that book you w
23、ere looking for.All the goods were transported the Netherlands.Only can we grow up to be independent and become truly successful. should you lose heart when you are faced with difficulties.答案：In a wayin the wayall the wayBy the wayby way ofin this wayIn no way3deal with 处理；安排；对付；涉及；讨论；与交易教材原句This me
24、ans that it should clean the house, mop the floors, cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls.(P24)这就意味着，我的机器人要打扫房间、擦地板、做饭和接听电话。do with sth.处理某事deal in sth.做生意；经营；买卖；对某事感兴趣make a deal 达成协议；做成交易Its a deal! 成交/一言为定！名师点津(1)deal with意为“处理；对待；对付；涉及；与交易”等众多含义，其中的deal为不及物动词，常与疑问副词how连用。(2)在do with短语中，d
25、o为及物动词，表示“处理、对待”，要与疑问代词what连用。即时练3写出下列句中deal with的含义There are too many difficulties for us to deal with. He has learnt to deal properly with all kinds of complicated situations. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. They have learnt to deal with various persons. 答案：处理应付涉及与打交道单句语法填空I
26、ve dealt this company for 20 years.If youll knock down the price by another 5 dollars, its deal.答案：witha句型转换I dont know how they will deal with the problem.I dont know they will do with the problem.答案：what1As time went by, I was made smaller.(P18)翻译随着时间的推移，我被弄得越来越小。(1)as是连词，在该句中引导时间状语从句。(2)with是介词，后
27、接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构，如：with time going by “随着时间的流逝”。即时练1单句语法填空As we grow (old), we get wiser.With winter (come) on, it is getting colder and colder day by day.答案：oldercoming一句多译随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。 ， I gradually adapted myself to the school life. (as) ， I gradually adapted myself to the school li
28、fe. (with)答案：As time went byWith time going by2And my memory became so large that even I couldnt believe it！(P18)翻译我的存储容量变得如此巨大，连我自己都不能相信！so/such . that 引导结果状语从句，意为“如此以至于”。(1)so . that . 句型的常见形式：(2)such . that . 句型的基本结构：(3)当so . /such . 放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。即时练2单句语法填空At that time I loved basketball much t
29、hat I played all day long.Dalian is an attractive place that lots of tourists visit the city every year.It is lovely weather that we all want to go out for a walk.答案：sosuchsuch单句写作句式升级我们做得那么好以至于被邀请与全校同学分享观点和经验。a普通表达：We did we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our
30、 school.b高级表达： we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.(倒装句)答案：a.so well thatbSo well did we do that现在完成时的被动语态结构肯定式主语have/has been done . 否定式主语have/has not been done . 一般疑问式Have/Has主语been done . ？特殊疑问式特殊疑问词have/has主语been done . ？用法1表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果，且这
31、个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。Jacks boss has always praised him for his devotion to work.Jack has always been praised by his boss for his devotion to work.杰克时常因为尽职于工作而受到老板的表扬。2表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。常与“for时间段”或“since时间点”等时间状语连用，此时，该被动语态的动词应使用延续性动词。They have built many houses in the village in the
32、past few years.Many houses have been built in the village in the past few years.过去几年，他们在这个村庄建造了许多的房子。即时练.单句语法填空1Shakespeares play Hamlet (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.答案：has been made2Up to now, thousands of red phone boxes, the old image of Britain, (remove) due to mo
33、bile phones.答案：have been removed3Paper money (use) for over a thousand years.答案：has been used4Recently, many cities in the world (build) along the river.答案：have been built5They (not tell) the news that our team won the game, have they?答案：havent been told.单句改错1A personal computer has bought by my par
34、ents. 答案：has后加been2High quality of oil have been used for cooking in the restaurant in the past few years. 答案：havehas3These patients have been taken good care since they moved to the hospital. 答案：care后加of4Much has been said but little has done about the issue. 答案：done前加been5Many highrise flats have
35、built in my hometown in recent years. 答案：built 前加been基础达标演练.单句语法填空1If you are not (total) satisfied, return it at our expense.答案：totally2I saw a person (signal) for help by the shore.答案：signaling3With many problems (arise), he didnt know what to do next.答案：arising4 (person) speaking, I am satisfied
36、with all the work you have done.答案：Personally5Money does not always bring (happy), but without it people often cant live well.答案：happiness6This question is too difficult for the children. I think wed better find a way to (simple) it.答案：simplify7After graduating from the college, he made an (apply) t
37、o the school for a job as a teacher.答案：application8Although more advanced equipment can provide you more choices, it cannot take the place of practice and experience.答案：with9The students are looking forward to having an opportunity (explore) society for reallife experience.答案：to explore10With global
38、 warming becoming more and more serious, it wont be long some coastal cities disappear.答案：before.单句改错1It wont be long before we will know the result of the experiment. 答案：去掉will2Your main task today is help your mother wash the curtains. 答案：is后加to3In the way, Im glad you made that mistake, for it wi
39、ll serve as a warning to you. 答案：thea4The environment of Hong Kong is very outstanding that it is chosen as one of the worlds most livable cities. 答案：veryso5Can you give me some advice on what to deal with this difficulty? 答案：whathow或dealdo.教材微写作A根据提示完成句子1近来，高智商的机器人出现了。(intelligent; arise) 答案：Highly
40、 intelligent robots have arisen recently.2有些可以打字、发信号。(type; signal) 答案：Some can type and signal.3有些能处理一些重要事情。(deal with) 答案：Some can deal with some important things.4在某种程度上，电脑改变了我们的生活。(in a way) 答案：In a way, computers have changed our life.5许多学生对电脑如此着迷以至于在电脑上花费了太多的时间。(so . that .) 答案：Many students b
41、ecome so crazy about computers that they spend too much time on them.6结果，一些学生在考试中失败。(as a result) 答案：As a result, some of the students fail in the exam.7即使如此，电脑在我们的日常生活中起很重要的作用。(anyhow) 答案：Anyhow, computers play an important part in our daily life.B将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范答案：Highly intelligent robots
42、 have arisen recently, some of which can type, signal, and even deal with some important things. In a way, computers have changed our life. However, many students become so crazy about computers that they spend too much time on them. As a result, some of the students fail in the exam. Anyhow, computers play an important part in our daily life.