1、台州市书生中学 2021学年第一学期高二英语起始考试卷（本卷满分：120分 考试时间：150分钟）第一部分 听力（每题1.5分，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节：（共5小题,每小题1.5分）请听下面5 段对话，选出最佳选项。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the man planning to do on Saturday?A. Entertain relatives. B. Skate with friends. C. Go out with Mary.2. What are the two speake
2、rs talking about?A. The increasing crime rate. B. The coverage of newspapers. C. The impact of mass media.3. When will the man do his part-time job?A. On Tuesdays and Thursdays. B. On Mondays and Wednesdays. C. On Mondays and Thursdays.4. Who may make the phone call? A. Maria. B. Sofia. C. Jeff.5. W
3、hat will the woman probably work as when she settles in Seattle?A. A teacher. B. A director. C. A bank clerk.第二节 : （共15小题，每小题1.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6 段材料，回答第6、7 题。6. What is the woman doing?A. Waiting for a tennis star. B. Watching a tennis match. C. Queuing up for a tennis match.7. Where doe
4、s the woman come from? A. London. B. Berlin. C. Washington.请听第7 段材料，回答第8、9 题。8. How long is the movie? A. Two hours. B. Three hours. C. Four hours.9. What is the man going to do today?A. Go for a cycle ride. B. Work on his school paper. C. Finish watching the movie.请听第8 段材料，回答第10 至12 题。10. Whom does
5、 the car belong to?A. The mans parents. B. The mans friend. C. The man himself.11. What does the price of the car include?A. All fees but no taxes. B. Free service for one year. C. A one-month service agreement.12. What will the man do next?A. Test out the car by himself. B. Get the contract ready t
6、o sign. C. Get the car keys for the woman.请听第9 段材料，回答第13 至16 题。13. Why wont the two speakers go to Europe?A. They cant afford it. B. They dont have enough time. C. They have been there recently.14. What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Go to the dentist. B. Book the tickets. C. Arrange her work.15. Ho
7、w will the two speakers travel? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train.16. What does the woman remind the man to do before they leave?A. Fill the car up with gas. B. Check the weather forecast. C. Make a list of things to bring.请听第10 段材料，回答第17 至20 题。17. What did the speaker do yesterday morning?A. He wen
8、t fishing. B. He went hiking. C. He went horse-riding.18. When do the campers help with cooking?A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.19. What was the speaker in charge of yesterday?A. Preparing the hotdogs. B. Making the campfire. C. Looking for sticks.20. How long does the summ
9、er camp last?A. Eight days. B. Seven days. C. Six days.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AOn Friday morning when 53-year-old Thong Pham broke into the house through the unlocked back door, he took a steak knife from the kitchen.It was dark, an
10、d the family didnt know what Marley was barking (吠) at. Taylor, Amber and their girls Finley, 6, and Sadie, 4, soon woke up and came downstairs, too. “Well, it was dark so we couldnt see anything, only could hear Marley,” Amber recalled, saying her husband then went for the lights. “And once he turn
11、ed the hall light on, we realized that the guy was holed up in the corner trying to hide.”“So I think he got to the front door and realized he couldnt get out, and by that point in time, Marleys got him cornered,” Taylor said. Pham slashed (砍) both Marley and Taylor, and blood went everywhere. Taylo
12、r shared a video summary to his Facebook page, where he said Marley was stabbed (刺) up to six times, mostly around the head and neck area. “And as I pulled back, blood shot out of my arm,” Taylor continued. “She got him pretty good and I got him pretty good in the face.” “But it was really hard beca
13、use I was trying to make sure that my husband wasnt going to die,” Amber explained, adding that she was trying to protect their two girls. “When he realized that the two girls were in the house, thats when he kind of backed up and started running. Taylor expressed gratitude to everyone for their tho
14、ughts and prayers. And the family is thankful for their dog Marley. “Shes our hero” Amber said. “If it hadnt been for her, that guy could have gone in the.he could have gone to their rooms or something.” Taylor added, “Yeah, I mean, the story plays out very differently if Marleys not there.”1. Why d
15、id the family come downstairs before daybreak?A. To stop a break-in.B. To lock the back door.C. To check on Marley.D. To turn the hall light on.2. What happened during the fight?A. Pham dug a hole in the corner.B. Marley was injured but bit back.C. Taylor had a backup from neighbors.D. Amber fought
16、back to protect her girls.3. What does Taylor mainly express on his Facebook?A. Forgiveness.B. Concern.C. Anger.D. Appreciation.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了泰勒一家夜晚遇到歹徒进屋，家里的狗Marley奋力保护主人的故事。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“It was dark, and the family didnt know what Marley was barking (吠) at. Taylor, A
17、mber and their girls Finley, 6, and Sadie, 4, soon woke up and came downstairs, too. “Well, it was dark so we couldnt see anything, only could hear Marley,” Amber recalled（天黑了，一家人都不知道Marley在叫什么。泰勒、琥珀和她们的女儿芬利，6岁，莎迪，4岁，很快就醒了过来，也下楼来了。“嗯，天很黑，所以我们什么也看不见，只能听到Marley的声音。”） ”可知，漆黑的夜晚这家人听见Marley在叫，由此推知一家人下楼是为
18、了查看Marley。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Taylor shared a video summary to his Facebook page, where he said Marley was stabbed (刺) up to six times, mostly around the head and neck area. “And as I pulled back, blood shot out of my arm,” Taylor continued. “She got him pretty good and I got him pretty good in t
19、he face.”（泰勒在他的脸书上分享了一段视频摘要，他说Marley被刺伤了6刀，大部分是头部和颈部。“当我后退时，血从我的胳膊上喷了出来，”泰勒继续说“她狠狠咬了他，我也看清楚了他的脸。”）”可知，在搏斗的过程中Marley受了伤，但咬了歹徒。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Taylor expressed gratitude to everyone for their thoughts and prayers. And the family is thankful for their dog Marley.（泰勒对大家的挂念和祈祷表示感谢。全家都很感激他们的狗Marl
20、ey）”可知，泰勒在Facebook上主要表达了对关心他们的人以及Marley的感激之情。故选D。【点睛】BWhen in space, astronauts typically eat dehydrated (脱水), nutrient-rich food, but when it comes to longer space missions, that can become a problem as theyll eventually lack nutrients from fresh vegetables. However, Ying Diao, a chemical and biomo
21、lecular engineering professor will be researching ways astronauts can grow their own fresh vegetables more efficiently during space missions.Diaos goal for this research is to develop wearable sensors for plants so that their health and stress levels are detected autonomously, with no need for human
22、s to do the testing. Then, a “smart” plant chamber will be developed that can identify the best conditions for a plant to grow in to reduce its stress. Diao also wants to develop another sensor that will continuously monitor a plants growth over its lifetime. “Were helping the astronauts to be more
23、healthy during space missions, by improving the health of the plants they grow,” Diao said. “So the bigger impact could also be that it helps future human colonization on Mars or on other possible habitats.”Although the ultimate goal for this project and research is to help people in space, it could
24、 also be used back on Earth in addressing climate change.“During climate change a plant experiences a lot of stress, but we need a plant to be more productive without increasing the footprint of the agriculture land to feed the growing population of our planet,” Diao said. “To address this conflict,
25、 we could potentially help decipher(破译)how the climate change and the microenvironments are impacting the plant stress and then we are better equipped to help plants adapt to a changing environment.”“Most of the technology in my field is developed for human health but weve been ignoring plants for t
26、oo long,” Diao said. “I think its a new frontier that I want to go into and it is just part of a smart agriculture movement.”4. What troubles astronauts with longer missions?A. The way to grow fresh vegetables.B A shortage of nutrients from fresh vegetables.C. A decrease in dehydrated, nutrient-rich
27、 food.D. The balance between work and growing vegetables.5. What is the purpose of Diaos project?A. To find possible habitats for people.B. To deal with climate change on earth.C. To decrease the footprint of agriculture.D. To help people to stay healthy in space.6. What is the new frontier for Diao
28、?A. Technology for plants.B. Sensors for space use.C. A smart agriculture movement.D. Research into human health.【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述化学与生物分子工程学教授刁应将研究宇航员如何在太空任务中更有效地自己种植新鲜蔬菜以及对植物技术的研究。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When in space, astronauts typically eat dehydrated (脱水), nutrient-rich food
29、, but when it comes to longer space missions, that can become a problem as theyll eventually lack nutrients from fresh vegetables.(在太空中，宇航员通常会吃脱水的、营养丰富的食物，但在执行更长时间的太空任务时，这可能会成为一个问题，因为他们最终会缺乏来自新鲜蔬菜中的营养)”可知，宇航员执行更长时间的太空任务，就会缺乏来自新鲜蔬菜的营养。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Were helping the astronauts to be more hea
30、lthy during space missions, by improving the health of the plants they grow,” Diao said.(“我们通过改善宇航员种植的植物的健康状况，帮助他们在执行太空任务时更加健康，”刁说)”可知，刁做此次研究的目的就是让太空的人们能更加健康。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Most of the technology in my field is developed for human health but weve been ignoring plants for too long,” Diao sa
31、id. “I think its a new frontier that I want to go into and it is just part of a smart agriculture movement.”(“我们这个领域的大部分技术都是为了人类健康而开发的，但我们太长时间忽略了植物，”刁说。“我认为这是一个我想进入的新领域，它只是智能农业运动的一部分。”)”可知，刁说我们太长时间忽略了植物，而他认为这是他想进入的新领域。由此推知，他想进入的新领域就是关于植物的科技研究。故选A。【点睛】推理判断题的推断对象主要包括隐含意思、目标读者、观点态度、文章出处、写作意图等。以推断隐含意义的题
32、目居多。推断隐含意义，即要求根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。题干中常含infer(推断)，suggest(暗示)，imply(暗示)，indicate(暗示)，conclude(推断，得出结论)等词语。解此类题，首先找到相关信息，然后细读、理解相关信息的字面意义，最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。如小题3，根据文章最后一段“Most of the technology in my field is developed for human health but weve bee
33、n ignoring plants for too long,” Diao said. “I think its a new frontier that I want to go into and it is just part of a smart agriculture movement.”(“我们这个领域的大部分技术都是为了人类健康而开发的，但我们太长时间忽略了植物，”刁说。“我认为这是一个我想进入的新领域，它只是智能农业运动的一部分。”)”可知，刁说我们太长时间忽略了植物，而他认为这是他想进入的新领域。由此推知，他想进入的新领域就是关于植物的科技研究。故选A。C“Your mind i
34、s a garden; your thoughts are the seeds. The harvest can either be flowers or weeds,” William Wordsworth wrote. In the above quote, William suggests that the process of gardening mirrors human life. Depending on what we “plant” in our lives, we bloom (生长茂盛) or dont. Before you start to work in your
35、garden, its necessary to have a vision for it. Thinking of what you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality. In life, you should consider what you want to create and what you want to achieve, because your mind-garden is like the
36、 white paper and the possibilities are endless.Regardless of what you choose to plant, poor soil isnt suitable for growth. This is why gardeners take the time and energy to upgrade the soil before planting. So, creating the right soil is important to the realization of your goals and dreams. Fortuna
37、tely, there are countless ways to make your personal bedrock better. Getting an education is one of the most effective ways, which can help you enrich your lifes soil.You dont have to be an enthusiastic gardener to understand the meaning of “You reap(收获) what you sow.” When a gardener wants tomatoes
38、, they just need to plant tomato seeds. Its a very clear act that produces an expected result. Each of us has the power to decide which “life seeds” to plant. For example, if you plant ill seeds, its likely that youll experience pain in return. Contrarily, if you plant seeds of kindness and understa
39、nding, your life will bloom with happiness and love.A gardeners truly arduous work begins after the seeds are in the ground because a garden requires a lot of care and attention. Regular watering and weeding are required for a healthy garden. So, to ensure your dreams take root, you should be devote
40、d, aware, and present. After countless hours and energy spent, the crops have grown well and are finally ready to be harvested.7. What is important before gardeners break ground in their gardens?A. Receiving some training in planting.B. Drawing up a good plan for their gardens.C. Having the courage
41、to accept the worst outcome.D. Doing research on the common local garden plants.8 What is compared to getting education by the author?A. Improving the condition of the soil.B. Growing your most favorable plants.C. Taking care of the plants in your garden.D. Selecting proper goals in gardening work.9
42、. What does the author want to express in Paragraph 3?A. Your quality of life depends on your positive action.B. Your experience can help you understand plants better.C. Your choice of soil is an important part in your gardening.D. Your knowledge of planting will make you a successful gardener.10. W
43、hat does the underlined word “arduous” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. BeneficialB. CreativeC. Boring.D. Tough【答案】7. B 8. A 9. A 10. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者以种植为例，形象地讲出培养人的几个措施：做出好的规划，准备肥沃的土壤，选择正确的种子，精心培育，最后才有好收获。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Before you start to work in your garden, its necessary to have a vision f
44、or it. Thinking of what you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality. In life, you should consider what you want to create and what you want to achieve (在你开始在你的花园工作之前，有必要对它有一个愿景。想想你想在你的花园里种什么，以及如何布置它是使你的愿景成为富有成效的现实的良好的第一步。在生活中，你应
45、该考虑你想要创造什么，你想要实现什么)”可知，作者认为在翻地整理园子之前，有个好的规划很重要。故选B项。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“This is why gardeners take the time and energy to upgrade the soil before planting. So, creating the right soil is important to the realization of your goals and dreams. Fortunately, there are countless ways to make your personal
46、 bedrock better. Getting an education is one of the most effective ways, which can help you enrich your lifes soil. (这就是为什么园丁在种植前要花时间和精力来升级土壤。因此，创造合适的土壤对实现你的目标和梦想很重要。幸运的是，有无数的方法可以让你的个人基础变得更好。接受教育是最有效的方式之一，它可以帮助你丰富你的生活的土壤)”可知，作者把提高土壤条件比喻为接受教育。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Its a very clear act that produces
47、 an expected result. Each of us has the power to decide which “life seeds” to plant. For example, if you plant ill seeds, its likely that youll experience pain in return. Contrarily, if you plant seeds of kindness and understanding, your life will bloom with happiness and love. (这是一种非常明显的行为，能够产生预期的结
48、果。我们每个人都有能力决定种下哪种“生命种子”。例如，如果你播下了不良的种子，你很可能会经历痛苦作为回报。相反，如果你播下善良和理解的种子，你的生活就会充满幸福和爱)”可知，作者在这一段告诉读者我们的生活质量取决于我们的积极付出。故选A项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段中“because a garden requires a lot of care and attention. Regular watering and weeding are required for a healthy garden. So, to ensure your dreams take root, you
49、should be devoted, aware, and present. After countless hours and energy spent, the crops have grown well and are finally ready to be harvested. (因为花园需要很多的照顾和关注。一个健康的花园需要经常浇水和除草。所以，为了让你的梦想生根发芽，你应该全身心地投入、意识到并时刻关注。经过数不清的时间和精力，庄稼长得很好，终于可以收割了)”由讲述当把种子播种到土壤里，花园还需要很多的照顾和关注才能长得很好，最终收割，可知，种子播种到土壤里，真正“艰难的”工作才
50、刚开始。因此猜测划线词arduous意为“艰难的”。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Benefits of Digital ArtDigital art is the process of creating artwork using computers and software. _11_ Lets have a look.Digital art is often quicker to finish.Take oil paintings for example. If you cr
51、eate one in the traditional way, you will need all kinds of tools like paper, water, paints, etc. _12_ But with my computer and the right software, I can start a digital oil painting in less than 10 seconds._13_ A computer with the right apps and software might cost you $1, 000, but physical art is
52、pretty expensive. Pencils, paper, paints, paintbrushes and all of the other things you need soon get expensive. And they all need replacing things can easily reach that $1, 000 and beyond.Digital art avoids using much space of your room.Drawings and paintings can take up lots of physical space. I ha
53、ve many physical drawings which are stored in boxes in my room. Some of the drawings took me weeks to complete. _14_ It sounds crazy to say this but they just kept building up. Joyfully, digital art will not take up much space of the room.Digital art makes it easy to deal with mistakes.Digital art g
54、ives you the wonderful ability to correct your mistakes. Any time you make a mistake, you can step back from it right away with a push of a button. As for traditional art, its not easy to correct a mistake. For example, when your pen accidentally falls on your painting, you may not be able to deal w
55、ith it. _15_A. Digital art helps save money.B. These tools can be very important.C. It takes time to prepare all of these.D. And your painting will be destroyed.E. Digital art will never be a paper killer.F. But they never see the light of day now.G. Compared with traditional art, digital art has so
56、me advantages.【答案】11. G 12. C 13. A 14. F 15. D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了与传统艺术相比，数字艺术的优势。【11题详解】根据各段落小标题“Digital art is often quicker to finish.(数字艺术通常更容易完成)”、“Digital art avoids using much space of your room.(数字艺术避免占用你的房间太多空间)”和“Digital art makes it easy to deal with mistakes.(数字艺术让我们更容易处理错误)”可知，下文主要讲数字艺
57、术的优势，G项“Compared with traditional art, digital art has some advantages.(与传统艺术相比，数字艺术有一些优势)”作为段首中心句，符合语境。故选G项。【12题详解】根据下文“But with my computer and the right software, I can start a digital oil painting in less than 10 seconds.(但是有了我的电脑和正确的软件，我可以在不到10秒的时间内开始一幅数字油画)”可知，上下文有转折对比关系，且对比的是完成油画所用的时间。故选C项。【1
58、3题详解】设空处为段落小标题。根据下文“A computer with the right apps and software might cost you $1, 000, but physical art is pretty expensive.(一台装有正确应用程序和软件的电脑可能要花你1000美元，但传统实体艺术是相当昂贵的)”可知，段中比较的是数字艺术和传统实体艺术的成本，说明数字艺术更省钱。故选A项。【14题详解】根据下文“It sounds crazy to say this.(这么说听起来很疯狂)”可知，前文所说应该是一件不合理的事情，上文“Some of the drawin
59、gs took me weeks to complete.(有些画花了我几周的时间才完成)”和F项“But they never see the light of day now.(但他们现在再也见不到天日了)”正好表达了一种难以理解的情况。故选F项。【15题详解】根据For example可知，下文是对上文的举例说明，下文“当你的笔不小心掉到画上时，你是无法处理的，你的画就毁了”证明了前文“As for traditional art, its not easy to correct a mistake.(对于传统艺术来说，纠正一个错误并不容易)”所述观点。故选D项。第三部分：语言运用(共两
60、节，满分45分) 第一节：完形填空(共20个小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 This heartwarming story began unfolding on Fathers Day. It might have been a(n) _16_ for dads across the U.S., _17_ for Don Rosario, it was “another day at the office.” The 70-year-old, _18_ his traditi
61、onal suit, cowboy hat and leather belt, was _19_ a cart around a Chicago neighborhood- hard work for anyone on a hot summer day. However, thanks to some _20_ customers and the kindness that spread widely, he _21_ had the opportunity to enjoy _22_.Rosario Del Real had been working as a carpenter (木匠)
62、 from home. But an injury _23_ him to take a break from his profession. He started to sell paletas (棒冰) to the _24_.Since Oscar Gonzalez and his friend Victor Dominguez were _25_ a Fathers Day barbecue for their families, they invited the paleta salesman to _26_ them. Everyone bonded quickly, and be
63、fore long, they decided to buy all of the paletas in Rosarios _27_ so that he could go home and rest.One of their friends _28_ a video of the heartwarming sale and _29_ it on the social sharing app TikTok. The video drew attention from the public, and then the family set up a fundraiser to _30_ Rosa
64、rio retire. The first _31_ was to raise $10,000 for their new friend, but _32_ strangers from all over the world ended up _33_ more than $62,000.Even before learning that his new friends had _34_ a huge amount for his retirement, Rosario was moved to tears by their generosity that day - although he
65、was _35_ to have the opportunity to work. “I dont like to sit at home doing nothing and without a purpose.” he said.16. A. stageB. holidayC. accidentD. challenge17. A. orB. soC. butD. and18. A. packingB. cleaningC. wearingD. trying19. A. pushingB. sellingC. repairingD. observing20. A. calmB. sweetC.
66、 energeticD. graceful21. A. finallyB. actuallyC. extremelyD. usually22. A. shelterB. successC. companyD. retirement23. A. forcedB. requestedC. enabledD. permitted24. A. partnersB. carpentersC. neighborsD. colleagues25. A. hostingB. donatingC. visitingD. filming26. A. hireB. joinC. supportD. represen
67、t27. A. cartB. officeC. apartmentD. neighborhood28. A. foundB. exploredC. attractedD. recorded29. A. sentB. tappedC. postedD. updated30. A. seeB. helpC. hearD. make31. A. goalB. reactionC. processD. impact32. A. honestB. confidentC. generousD. humorous33. A. owningB. savingC. borrowingD. contributin
68、g34. A. selectedB. collectedC. rejectedD. expected35. A. capableB. powerfulC. suitableD. grateful【答案】16. B 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了70岁的Don Rosario因为受伤，离开了自己的工作，不得不沿街售卖棒冰为生。后来遇到Oscar Gonzal
69、ez和他的朋友Victor Dominguez，他们帮助他募集筹款，让他尽快退休享受生活的暖心故事。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于全美国的爸爸来说这可能是个假日，但对Don Rosario 来说这是另一个工作日而已。A. stage舞台，阶段；B. holiday假日；C. accident事故；D. challenge挑战。根据上文的“This heartwarming story began unfolding on Fathers Day.”可知，当天是父亲节，对爸爸们来说是一个假日。故选B。【17题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：对于全美国的爸爸的来说这可能是个假日，但对Do
70、n Rosario 来说这是另一个工作日而已。A. or或者；B. so因此；C. but但是；D. and并且。根据句意可知，上下文为转折关系，应用but连接。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位70岁的老人穿着传统的西服，带着牛仔帽，扎着皮腰带，推着一辆手推车在芝加哥一个街区转悠在炎热的夏天，对任何人来说都是辛苦的工作。A. packing打包；B. cleaning打扫；C. wearing穿戴；D. trying尝试。根据下文的“his traditional suit, cowboy hat and leather belt”可知，此处在描述老人的穿着打扮，用wear符
71、合语境。故选C。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位70岁的老人穿着传统的西服，带着牛仔帽，扎着皮腰带，推着一辆手推车在芝加哥一个街区转悠在炎热的夏天，对任何人来说都是辛苦的工作。A. pushing推；B. selling卖；C. repairing修理；D. observing观察，遵守，庆祝。根据常识和下文的“a cart around a Chicago neighborhood”可知，此处是指推着手推车。故选A。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过，多亏了一些亲切的顾客和广为传播的善良，他终于有机会享受退休生活。A. calm冷静的，平静的；B. sweet甜的，亲切的
72、；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. graceful优雅的。根据下文的“they decided to buy all of the paletas in Rosarios _12_ so that he could go home and rest.”以及他们号召别人为Don Rosario募捐可知，这些都是善良、亲切的顾客。故选B。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，多亏了一些亲切的顾客和广为传播的善良，他终于有机会享受退休生活。A. finally最后；B. actually事实上；C. extremely非常；D. usually通常。结合下文提到热心顾客为Don Ro
73、sario筹款，可知此处是指在亲切的顾客的帮助下，Don Rosario最终得以享受退休生活，不用在大热天推着手推车在街头转悠。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过，多亏了一些亲切的顾客和广为传播的善良，他终于有机会享受退休生活。A. shelter避难所，遮蔽物；B. success成功；C. company公司，陪伴；D. retirement退休。根据下文的“The video drew attention from the public, and then the family set up a fundraiser to _15_ Rosario retire.”可知，
74、此处是指享受他的退休生活。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但一次受伤迫使他停止了工作。A. forced强迫，迫使；B. requested请求；C. enabled使能够；D. permitted允许。根据下文的“He started to sell paletas”可知，伤痛迫使他停止工作，通过卖棒冰为生。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开始卖棒冰给邻居们。A. partners搭档；B. carpenters木匠；C. neighbors邻居；D. colleagues同事。结合常识和语境可知，Don Rosario年事已高只能在家附近卖棒冰，由此可知棒冰通
75、常是卖给邻居了。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于Oscar Gonzalez和他的朋友Victor Dominguez正在为他们的家人举办父亲节烧烤会，他们邀请了棒冰的销售员（Don Rosario）加入他们的行列。A. hosting举办；B. donating捐赠；C. visiting参观，拜访；D. filming拍摄。根据下文的“a Fathers Day barbecue”可知，此处是举办父亲节烧烤会。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于Oscar Gonzalez和他的朋友Victor Dominguez正在为他们的家人举办父亲节烧烤会，他们邀请了
76、棒冰的销售员（Don Rosario）加入他们的行列。A. hire雇佣；B. join参加；C. support支持；D. represent代表。根据上文的“invited the paleta salesman”推知，他们邀请Don Rosario和他们一起，即加入他们。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大家很快就团结起来了，不久，他们决定买下Don Rosario手推车里所有的棒冰，这样他就可以回家休息了。A. cart手推车；B. office办公室；C. apartment公寓；D. neighborhood邻里。根据上文的“was _4_ a cart around
77、a Chicago neighborhood”可知，此处为cart的词汇复现。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的一个朋友记录了一段热心购买的视频，并将其发布在社交分享应用程序TikTok上。A. found发现；B. explored探索；C. attracted吸引；D. recorded记录，录音。结合下文提到把视频发到TikTok可知，是记录了这一暖心的画面。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的一个朋友记录了一段热心购买的视频，并将其发布在社交分享应用程序TikTok上。A. sent发送；B. tapped敲击；C. posted发布，邮寄；D. up
78、dated更新。结合常识和下文的“on the social sharing app TikTok.”可知，此处是指把这段视频发布到TikTok上。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段视频引起了公众的关注，随后这家人组织了一个募捐活动，帮助Rosario退休。A. see看见；B. help帮助；C. hear听见；D. make制作，使。根据上文的“the family set up a fundraiser”推知，成立募捐活动的目的是为了帮助Rosario。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个目标是为他们的新朋友筹集1万美元，但是来自世界各地的慷慨的陌生人最终
79、贡献了超过6.2万美元。A. goal目标；B. reaction反应；C. process过程，进程；D. impact影响。根据下文的“to raise $10,000 for their new friend”可知，此处是指第一个筹款目标。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一个目标是为他们的新朋友筹集1万美元，但是来自世界各地的慷慨的陌生人最终贡献了超过6.2万美元。A. honest诚实的；B. confident有信心的；C. generous慷慨的；D. humorous幽默的。根据下文的“more than $62,000.”可知，这些陌生人都非常慷慨，捐款的数目
80、远远大于目标数额。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一个目标是为他们的新朋友筹集1万美元，但是来自世界各地的慷慨的陌生人最终贡献了超过6.2万美元。A. owning拥有；B. saving拯救，存，节约；C. borrowing借来；D. contributing贡献。根据上文的“the family set up a fundraiser”推知，成立募捐活动的目的就是让人们贡献自己的一份力。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至在得知他的新朋友们为他的退休筹集了一大笔钱之前，Rosario就被他们那天的慷慨感动得流下了眼泪尽管他很感激有机会工作。A. select
81、ed选择；B. collected收集，筹集；C. rejected拒绝；D. expected期待。根据上文的“The first _16_ was to raise $10,000 for their new friend”可知，这家人在帮忙给Rosario筹钱。故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：甚至在得知他的新朋友们为他的退休筹集了一大笔钱之前，Rosario就被他们那天的慷慨感动得流下了眼泪尽管他很感激有机会工作。A. capable有能力的；B. powerful强有力的，有效的；C. suitable合适的；D. grateful感激的。根据下文的“I dont li
82、ke to sit at home doing nothing and without a purpose.” he said.”可知，Rosario不喜欢无所事事，由此推知他很感激工作的机会。故选D。第卷第二节（10个小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Research showed 60% of middle school students in America _36_ (say) they had been bullied (霸凌) in the past few months. Over 160,000 stay
83、ed home from school _37_ (avoid) bullying.It also showed that over 50% of bullying decreased if the school had _38_ anti-bully program running. Those programs would help the bullies understand how much they hurt the person _39_ is being bullied. It would also be _40_ (help) if teachers kept an eye o
84、n students at all times. A bullying case usually occurs on the playground _41_ at the canteen, but only 25% of bullied students said that teachers noticed and stood up for them.Another way is to talk to the bully. Tell them how much it hurts when they call you names or _42_ (physical) hurt you. You
85、can also tell a trusted adult. Is one of the most commonly known _43_ (way) to stop a bully _44_ bullying you. Dont just sit on the sidelines and watch bullying. Stand up for the bullying victim and let _45_ (they) know they wont be alone. Bullying is never, nor will it ever be an acceptable matter.
86、 Together we can stand up to bullying and make it disappear. 【答案】36. said 37 to avoid 38. an 39. who/that 40. helpful 41. or 42. physically 43. ways 44. from 45. them【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了美国校园霸凌的问题，并给出了应对方法。【36题详解】考查动词时态。句意：研究表明在过去的几个月里，在美国60%的中学生说他们被同学霸凌。根据上文的showed可知，主句是一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情，say是宾语从句的谓语动词，根
87、据句意，也用一般过去时，故填said。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：超过16万名学生留在家里不上学，以避免欺凌。分析句子可知，此处用不定式表示目的，作目的状语，故填to avoid。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：它还表明，如果学校有反欺凌项目，将减少超过50%的欺凌行为。program是可数名词，根据句意，此处表示泛指，且anti-bully以元音音素开头，故填an。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些项目将帮助恶霸们了解他们给被欺负的同学造成多么大的伤害。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰the person，从句中缺少主语，指人，用关系代词who或者that引导限制性定语从句，
88、故填who/that。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：如果老师一直关注学生，也会是有帮助的。be动词后接形容词作表语，故填helpful。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：欺凌事件通常发生在操场上或者食堂里，但只有25%的受欺负学生说老师们注意到并支持他们。根据句意，前后文是选择关系，故填or。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：告诉他们当他们叫你的名字或者身体上伤害你时伤害有多大。修饰动词hurt用副词作状语，故填physically。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：这是阻止恶霸欺负你的最常见的方法之一。“one of the+最高级+名词复数”是固定短语，表示“最之一”，故填ways。【44题详解】考
89、查固定短语。句意同上。stop sb from doing“阻止某人做某事”是固定短语，根据句意，故填from。【45题详解】考查代词。句意：支持被欺凌的受害者，让他们知道他们不孤单。作let的宾语用人称代词宾格，故填them。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分） 第一节：翻译（每小题3分，共15分）46. 锻炼对身体健康有巨大益处，能让我们保持良好的状态。(benefit, in shape) (汉译英）【答案】Exercise is of great benefit to health and enables us to keep in shape.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词、动词（
90、短语）、固定搭配及时态等。分析句子可知，句子应使用一般现在时。表达“锻炼”应使用不可数名词exercise，作主语；表达“对有巨大益处”应使用固定搭配be of great benefit to，其中to为介词，作系表；表达“健康”应使用不可数名词health；表达“使某人能做某事”应使用动词短语enable sb.to do sth.，作谓宾；表达“保持良好的状态”应使用动词短语keep in shape。根据主谓一致原则，由于主语exercise为不可数名词，be动词用is，enable用enables，并且用并列连词and连接。句子首字母大写。故翻译为Exercise is of gre
91、at benefit to health and enables us to keep in shape.47. 英国有着可以探索的悠久而有趣的历史，这可以帮助你更多地了解这个国家及其传统。(there be;定语从句) (汉译英）【答案】Theres a long and interesting history to explore in the United Kingdom, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions./which can help you have a bett
92、er understanding of/take a deeper insight into the country and its traditions.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查there be句型、定语从句、名词（短语）、动词（短语）及时态等。分析句子可知，空处应使用一般现在时，逗号后的内容可使用which引导的非限制性定语从句。表达“英国有着”可以使用there bein the United Kingdom这一句型；表达“悠久而有趣的历史”应使用名词短语a long and interesting history（根据主谓一致原则，there后的be动词用is）；表达“可以探索”可
93、使用不定式to explore，作定语。定语从句的主语用which，指代先行词a long and interesting history；表达“可以帮助”可使用情态动词can加动词原形help，作从句谓语；help sb. do sth.为固定句型，意为“帮助某人做某事”；表达“你”应使用代词you；表达“更多的了解”可使用动词短语understand much more about或者have a better understanding of或者take a deeper insight into；表达“这个国家及其传统”应使用名词短语the country and its tradit
94、ions，作介词宾语。句子首字母大写。故翻译为Theres a long and interesting history to explore in the United Kingdom, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions./which can help you have a better understanding of/take a deeper insight into the country and its traditions.48. 既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，那
95、么我认为这个节日是很值得体验的。(汉译英）【答案】Since/Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is well worth experiencing.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查连词和固定短语。“既然”为since或now that，“对感兴趣”对应的短语为be interested in，“值得做某事”对应的短语为be worth doing，该结构常常使用主动形式（doing）表达被动含义，而不使用被动结构，“很”可以使用副词well，故翻译为：Since/No
96、w that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is well worth experiencing.49. 每逢一个节日即将来临，你就能看到各种商业机构利用社交平台销售他们的产品。(take advantage of; social media) (汉译英）【答案】Whenever a festival is coming, you will see various businesses taking advantage of the social media to sell th
97、eir products.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查连词、固定短语与现在进行时表将来的语法点。“每逢，每当”使用连词whenever，“一个节日即将来临”（将来含义）可使用a festival is coming（现在进行时表将来），“各种各样的”为various或all kinds of，“利用”的固定短语为take advantage of，“看见某人正在做某事”的结构为see sb. doing sth.（其中doing sth.作宾语补足语），“社交平台”是social media，商家是用它们来销售产品的，表目的，故使用动词不定式to do结构。综上，本题翻译为：Whenever
98、a festival is coming, you will see various businesses taking advantage of the social media to sell their products.50. 听到这个坏消息，她非常震惊，眼睛睁地大大的。(现在分词作状语；with复合结构) (汉译英）【答案】Hearing the bad news, she felt extremely shocked, with her eyes wide open.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定结构。句子主语是“她”she，表示“非常震惊”可以用feel extre
99、mely shocked，根据句意可知时态为一般过去时，所以写成felt extremely shocked；表示“听到这个坏消息”可以用hear the bad news，根据要求这里需用现在分词作状语，并位于句首，注意首字母大写，所以写成Hearing the bad news；“眼睛睁地大大的”根据要求需用with符合结构，可以写成with her eyes wide open；综上，本句可以译为：Hearing the bad news, she felt extremely shocked, with her eyes wide open。【点睛】第二节：应用文写作(满分25分) 5
100、1. 假设你是李华，你的爱尔兰笔友Martin即将作为交换生来你校学习，担心不太适应中国的生活。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.表示欢迎；2.给出建议(至少2条)；3.表达祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear Martin,Knowing that youre coming to our school as an exchange student, Id like to extend our warmest welcome to you.In your letter you expressed your worries that you mi
101、ght not be able to adapt to Chinese customs. Take it easy; you are not alone. My advice is to stay open-minded when you encounter possible problems. Also, it would be helpful if you read some books about Chinese culture in advance. And remember, Ill always be there for youCant wait to see you! Wish
102、you a happy experience!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给笔友Martin写信，欢迎他来中国，并就在中国的生活给他一些建议。【详解】1.词汇积累表达我们最热烈的欢迎：express our warmest welcomeextend our warmest welcome遇到：come acrossencounter保持：keepstay担心：concernsworries2.句型拓展同义句原句：Also, it would be helpful if you read some books about Chinese culture in
103、 advance.拓展句：Also, you will find it helpful to read some books about Chinese culture in advance.【点睛】高分句型1Knowing that youre coming to our school as an exchange student, Id like to extend our warmest welcome to you.运用了现在分词作状语，和that引导的宾语从句。高分句型2In your letter you expressed your worries that you might not be able to adapt to Chinese customs. 运用了that引导同位语从句。