1、定语从句区别单词默背1This TV series is _ (针对) specially at teenagers aged 13 to 18.2The manager got promoted as he completed the project well within _ (预算).3Large audiences were _ (吸引) to the film “The Wandering Earth”, which turned out to be a box-office hit.4It was a close game in which the Kangaroos _ (打平)
2、 with the Eagles in the first half final.5What time would it be _ (方便的) for me to come over to pick you up for the meeting?6Do some exercises as a preparation before you swim. O_ you might hurt yourself.7The sound of gunfire p_ the crowd, who fed in all directions with fear.8Parents should set good
3、examples for children, as children always learn by o_ adults.9The judge concluded from the evidence that Jack was i _ of the murder and should be set free.10Hackers gained complete a_ to Toms mobile phones, stealing all the money on WeChat.【答案】1targeted/ aimed2budget3attracted4tied5convenient6Otherw
4、ise7panicked8observing9innocent10access【分析】1考查动词时态语态。句意：这部电视剧专门针对13到18岁的青少年。短语be targeted/aimed at“针对”，故填targeted/ aimed2考查名词。句意：经理在预算内完成了项目，因此得到了升职。根据句意以及上文within为介词后跟名词可知填budget。3考查动词时态语态。句意：电影流浪地球吸引了大批观众，结果票房大卖。短语be attracted to“被吸引”，故填attracted。4考查动词时态语态。句意：这是一场势均力敌的比赛，袋鼠队在上半场与老鹰队打成平局。短语tie with
5、“在比赛中得分与相同”，且根据上文was可知应填一般过去时，故填tied。5考查形容词。句意：我什么时候来接你去开会比较方便?根据上文be可知应填形容词convenient“方便的”。6考查副词。句意：游泳前做些运动作为准备。否则你可能会受伤。根据句意可知应填副词Otherwise“否则”。7考查动词时态语态。句意：枪声使人群惊慌失措，他们惊恐万状。根据下文who fed in all directions with fear可知应用一般过去时，故填panicked“使恐慌”。8考查非谓语动词。句意：父母应该为孩子树立好榜样，因为孩子总是通过观察大人来学习。by为介词后跟动名词做宾语，故填ob
6、serving“观察”。9考查形容词。句意：法官根据证据推断杰克是无辜的，应该被释放。根据上文was可知应填形容词innocent“无辜的”。10考查名词。句意：黑客完全进入了汤姆的手机，偷走了微信上所有的钱。短语gain access to“进入；获得”，故填access。语法专题（定语从句区别）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1. 形式不同 限制性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。 2. 功能不同 限制性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限
7、制性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义) His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整) 3. 翻译不同 在翻译定语从句时，一般把限制性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限制性定语从句与主句分开。He is the man whose car was stolen.
8、他就是汽车被窃的那个人。 Ive invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。 4. 含义不同 比较下面的两个句子： I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个) I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐) 5. 先行词不同 限制性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子；另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时，通常要用非限制性
9、定语从句，而不用限制性定语从句。Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。(which指drive too fast) Mr. Smith, who is our boss, will leave for Japan next week. 我们的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。(先行词为专有名词，要用非限制性定语从句修饰) 6. 关系词不同 关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句；另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以省略，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不能省略。练习题：填写恰当的关系词1
10、1The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors(因素), most of _are beyond our control.12They will fly to Washington, _they plan to stay for two or three days.13His movie won several awards at the film festival, _was beyond his wildest dream.14Last week, only two people came to look
11、 at the house, neither of _wanted to buy it.15Today，well discuss a number of cases_beginners of English fail to use the language properly.16Look out! Dont get too close to the house_roof is under repair.17Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from_effects the people are still suff
12、ering.18Jim passed the driving test,_surprised everybody in the office.19As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time_he should be able to be independent.20-Have you ever seen the TV program Running Man?-Yes. Its the best program_ I have seen in the past few months.【答案】11
13、which12where13which14whom15where/ in which16whose17whose18which19when20that【分析】本大题主要考查定语从句的关系词的选择。定语从句的关系有关系代以及关系副词。在选择关系词时要找出定语从句中的先行词，判定其在定语从句中所作的成分，才能确定是关系代词还是关系副词，仔细甄别，得出答案。同时还要注意只能用that或which的情况，以及把介词提到关系词前的情况。11考查非限制性定语从句。句意：植物的生长速度受多种因素的影响，其中大多数因素超出了我们的控制。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，其中的factors是先行词，在定语从句中作
14、of的宾语，指物要用which，故填which。12考查定语从句的关系副词。句意：他们将飞往华盛顿，计划在那里停留两三天。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，其中的Washington是先行词，在从句中作状语，表示地点要用where，故填where。13考查定语从句的关系词。句意：他的电影在电影节上获得了好几个奖项，这是他难以想象的。分析句子可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，本空格指代前面的一个句子“他的电影在电影节上获得了好几个奖项”这件事，修饰前面的一整个句子可用which，故填which。14考查定语从句的关系词。句意：上周，只有两个人来看这所房子，他们都不想买。分析句子可知，句中的先行词为two
15、 people，在定语从句中作neither of的宾语，指人作宾语要用whom。15考查定语从句的关系词。句意：今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者不能正确使用该语言的情形。分析句子可知，句中的先行词为a number of cases，在定语从句中作状语，作为抽象的地点可用where，也可用in which，故填where/ in which。16考查定语从句的关系词。句意：小心！不要离正在维修的房子的屋顶太近。分析句子可知，句中的先行词为the house，the house 在从句中作屋顶roof的定语，故填whose。17考查定语从句的关系词。句意：上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受了洪水袭击，现
16、在人们仍在受洪水的影响。分析句子可知，句中的flood是先行词，在从句中作effects的定语，作定语要用whose，故填whose。18考查定语从句的关系词。句意：吉姆通过了驾驶考试，这让办公室里的每个人都感到惊讶。分析句子可知，本空指代前面的“吉姆通过了驾驶考试”这件事，指代前面的整个句子要用which，故填 which。19考查定语从句的关系词。句意：作为家里最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是渴望有一段时间能够独立。分析句子可知，句中的the time是先行词，在定语从句中作时间状语，故填 when。20考查定语从句的关系词。句意：-你看过电视节目跑男吗？-是的。这是我在过去几个月里看过的最好的节
17、目。分析句子可知，句中的the best program是先行词，在定语从句中see的宾语，因为先行词有最高级best，故作宾语指物时只能用that，故填that。阅读理解Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA). Whatever stage of life youre at, wherever you go and wh
18、atever project you do in GDA, youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社区).We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our
19、programmes. We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a communitys access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to trai
20、n young volunteers.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, youll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people wholl become your lifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:CountrySchedule4-we
21、ek programmes7-week programmesAlgeria5 Jul. 1 Aug.20 Jun. 7 Aug.Egypt24 Jul. 20 Aug.19 Jun. 6 Aug.Kenya20 Jul. 16 Aug.18 Jun. 5 Aug.South Africa2 Aug. 29 Aug.15 Jun. 2 Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects ai
22、m to promote the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme:Website:www.glodeve.orgEmail:humanresourcesglode
23、ve.org21What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?ATo seek local partners.BTo take in young volunteers.CTo carry out programmes.DTo foster cultural awareness.22The programme beginning in August will operate in _.AEgyptBAlgeriaCKenyaDSouth Africa23The shared goal of GDAs projects to _.Aex
24、plore new culturesBprotect the environmentCgain corporate benefitDhelp communities in need【答案】21C22D23D【分析】本文是一则广告。Global Development Association(GDA)致力于积极的改变贫穷和偏远的社区，在这里能探索新的文化，结识新朋友，同时做一些有价值的事。文章为GDA招募志愿者并介绍了今年夏天的具体项目。21细节理解题。题干问管理人员的主要职责是什么。根据第三段中Depending on which role you choose, you could help
25、 to increase .,or help to project.You might also design.可知，根据岗位不同，管理人员可以帮助增加小区的饮用水，可以规划地方文化，可以设计挑战项目培训年轻的志愿者，从这些内容上可以判断出其主要职责是执行项目计划。故选C。22细节理解题。题干问八月份开始的这个项目将在哪里开展。根据这个表格中4-week programmes中的最后一个South Africa 2 Aug29 Aug，可知八月在南非开始，答案选D。23细节理解题。题干问GDA的所有项目的共同目的是什么。根据第一段youll create positive changes in
26、 a poor and remote community.和倒数第二段中All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities可知，其目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，即帮助有需要的社区。故选D。写作（改错）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后
27、的词。注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。Life is full of various experiences, some of them are unforgettable. I still remember the hiking experiences with my classmates for 16 km a year ago. That summer day, we set off early in the morning, think it would be a great fun to walk for so long a distance. However, as the we
28、ather is getting hotter and hotter, I found their legs heavier and heavier. Whats worse, my feet began bleeding because long time pressing against the shoes. At one point, I even wanted to give up. But I managed to dragging the rest of the way to the destination. Though not pleasant, this journey wa
29、s impressive or rewarding, I have learnt that life is a long journey like this. No matter what happened, we should never give up.【答案】1. them改成which 2. experiences改成experience 3. think改成thinking 4. 去掉great前面的a 5. is改成was 6. their改成my 7. because后加of 8.dragging改成drag 9. or 改成and 10. happened改成happens【分
30、析】这是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了一年前和同学们徒步旅行16公里的经历。刚开始时，觉得很有趣，但是天气炎热以及作者的脚开始流血使作者一度想放弃，最后作者还是坚持走完了全程，作者觉得无论发生什么事，都不应该放弃。【详解】第一处：考查关系代词。句意：生活充满了各种各样的经历，有些是难忘的。分析句子可知， experiences为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作of的宾语。故 them改成which 。第二处：考查名词。句意：我仍然记得一年前和同学们徒步旅行16公里的经历。本句特指的是徒步经历，所以应用experience的单数形式，而不是复数形式。故experiences改成experience。
31、第三处：考查现在分词。句意：那年夏天，我们一大早就出发了，觉得走这么远的路会很有趣。分析句子可知，we与think在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故 think改成thinking。第四处：考查不可数名词。句意：那年夏天，我们一大早就出发了，觉得走这么远的路会很有趣。fun为不可数名词。其前不能用不定冠词。故去掉great前面的a。第五处：考查一般过去时。句意：。然而，随着天气越来越热，我发现我们的腿越来越重。由“a year ago”可知，本句为一般过去时。所以be动词为was。故is改成was。第六处：考查代词。句意：然而，随着天气越来越热，我发现我的腿越来越重。分析句意可知
32、，作者发现自己的腿越来越重。所以应用形容词性物主代词my修饰legs。故 their改成my。第七处：考查介词。句意：更糟的是，我的脚因为长时间被鞋子挤压而开始流血。because of后接名词/代词/动名词，而because引导句子。故 because后加of。第八处：考查动词不定式。句意：虽然我的步伐缓慢而吃力，但却成功地到达了终点。manage to do sth“设法做某事（强调成功）”。故dragging改成drag。第九处：考查连词。句意：虽然这次旅行不令人愉快，但这段旅行给我留下了深刻的印象，也让我收获颇丰。分析句子可知，前后两个形容词为并列关系。故or 改成and 。第十处：考查一般现在时。句意：无论发生什么事，我们都不应该放弃。 分析句子可知，本句为 No matter what 引导的让步状语从句，时态为一般现在时，主语为 No matter what ，所以谓语为第三人称单数形式。故happened改成happens。