1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 1 People of AchievementLearning About Language非限制性定语从句观察上面的句子, 并类比填空。1. This is the pen which he bought yesterday. 2. Last week we travelled to Beijing, where there are many places of interest. 一、非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是指在复合句中对某些名词、代词或主句等被修
2、饰部分作进一步说明的定语从句。在一般情况下, 非限制性定语从句都由一个逗号把它和句子的其他部分分开, 在译成汉语时多译成一个并列句。*The farmer, who is very pessimistic, says that there will be no fruits this year. 这个农民非常悲观, 他说今年将没有收成。*Have you seen the film Titanic, whose leading actor is world-famous? 你看过泰坦尼克号这部电影吗? 它的男主演可是世界闻名的。*In the presence of so many peopl
3、e he was a little tense, which was understandable. 在那么多人面前他有点紧张, 这是可以理解的。*There are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are new. 小厅里有三十把椅子, 绝大部分是新的。(1)that不能引导非限制性定语从句。(2)引导非限制性定语从句时, 常用for which代替why。(3)引导非限制性定语从句的关系词作宾语时, 也不可省略。1. who, whom, whose引导的非限制性定语从句。(1)关系代词who, whom引导的非限制性定语从句修饰人。(
4、2)关系代词who在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语; whom作宾语; 介词后用whom, 不用who。(3)whose作定语, 先行词是人时, whose + n. 相当于the +n. +of whom。先行词是物时, whose + n. 相当于the +n. +of which。*Our guide, who was a French Canadian, was an excellent cook. 我们的向导, 一个法裔加拿大人, 擅长烹调。*Mr Smith, from whom I have learned a lot, is a famous scientist. 史密斯先生是一
5、位著名的科学家, 我从他那里学了很多东西。*The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 桌子上的书是我们的奖品, 书的封皮很亮。【知识延伸】非限制性定语从句关系词用法说明who, whom, whose, which指人时可用who(主语), whom(宾语), whose(定语); 指物时可用which(主语或宾语), whose(定语)when, where, when指时间; where指地点, 它们都在句中作状语asas引导非限制性定语从句时, 常指代整个主句, 有“正如”之意(代词+)介词+whi
6、ch/ whom有时, 根据句意, 关系代词which或whom前可以有代词和介词, 如most of which, none of whom等用who, whom和whose填空。(1)(2020天津高考)Dr. Rowan, whose secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. (2)Please give the book to Jessica, whom we met in the hall just now. (3)The famous basketball star, who tried
7、to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. 2. which, as的用法。(1)两者在定语从句中作主语或宾语。*Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses. 水是一种清澈的液体, 有许多用途。*Our country has sent up another man-made earth satellite, as is reported in the papers. 报纸上报道, 我国又发射了一颗人造地球卫星。(2)as, which引导非限制性定语从句的区别。项 目aswhich指代引导
8、的从句只能指代整个主句的内容引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容, 又可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前、之中或之后引导的从句不能位于主句之前意义正如这, 那*I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, which my classmates recommended to me. 我上周从图书馆借了夏洛克福尔摩斯, 这本书是我的同学推荐给我的。*The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 正如
9、所报道的那样, 仅仅一年的时间, 吸烟者的数量下降了17%。用which和as填空。(1)(2018江苏高考)By boat is the only way to get here, which is how we arrived. (2)(2020天津高考)As is known to us, nothing can be achieved without dedication and frustration. 3. when, where的用法。(1)关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语, 指代主句中表示时间的词语。(2)关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语, 指代主
10、句中表示地点的词语。(3)when/where有时可以换成“介词+which”。*Well put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better. 我们打算把在公园里的这次野餐推迟到下周, 那时天气可能会更好。*Opposite is St. Pauls Church, where you can hear some lovely music. 对面是圣保罗教堂, 在那里你能听到好听的音乐。*I left on Sunday, when/on which everyone was at ho
11、me. 我星期日离开的, 当时人人都在家。用适当的关系副词填空。(1)By 16: 30, when was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold. (2)They reached there yesterday, where an important meeting will be held. 4. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。在“介词+关系代词”中, 关系代词用whom指人, 用which指物。*He worked in a car factory for four years, after which
12、 he founded his own company in his hometown. 他在一家汽车厂工作了四年, 之后在他的家乡建立了自己的公司。*We are short of two people, without whom we will need three more days to finish the work. 我们缺少两个人, 没有他们, 我们还需要三天的时间来完成这项工作。(1)语法填空。They thanked Tom, without whose support they would not have succeeded. He may have acute appe
13、ndicitis, in which case he will have to be operated on. These new neighbors, to whom I was introduced yesterday, have come here from Beijing. (2)I had told them the reason, for which I didnt attend the meeting. 我把理由告诉了他们, 为此我没去开会。二、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。一般说来, 限制性定语从句是整个句子不可缺少的部
14、分, 如果省略会影响全句的主要意思, 这种定语从句前面一般不用逗号; 而非限制性定语从句是对主句的一种补充说明, 即使去掉, 也不影响全句的意思, 这种定语从句前通常有逗号与主句隔开。*Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college. 她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。(她还有其他哥哥)*Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college. 她的哥哥是当兵的, 他总是鼓励她上大学。(她只有一个哥哥)*All
15、 the books that have pictures in them are well written. 所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。(不带插图的书写得不一定好)*All the books, which have pictures in them, are well written. 所有的书都带插图, 这些书都写得很好。(没有不带插图的书)【巧学助记】限制性定语从句vs非限制性定语从句名称限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句作用起限定作用, 限制或约束先行词, 不可去掉, 否则主句意义不完整对整个句子的意义并不重要, 即使去掉, 原句仍有意义结构不用逗号与主句隔开用逗号与主句隔开功能先行
16、词不可缺少的定语对先行词起补充说明作用引导词a. 作宾语时可省略, 介词之后的关系词不能省b. 可用thata. 作宾语时不可省略b. 不可用that句型转换。(1)It is known to us that Taiwan is a part of China. As is known to us, Taiwan is a part of China. (2)This is the room which my grandmother used to live in. This is the room in which/where my grandmother used to live. (3
17、)Her sister teaches us English, and she will go abroad next year. Her sister, who teaches us English, will go abroad next year. (4)We saw a film last night. It was very interesting. The film that/which we saw last night was very interesting. (5)He failed in the exam. It made his parents very angry.
18、He failed in the exam, which made his parents very angry. (6)I have lost the pen. My father bought it for my sixteenth birthday. I have lost the pen that/which my father bought for my sixteenth birthday. (7)The book is worth reading. He paid 6 yuan for it. The book for which he paid 6 yuan is worth
19、reading. (8)She is a teacher of much knowledge. Much can be learned from her. She is a teacher of much knowledge, from whom much can be learned. 使用本单元所学的定语从句翻译下面的语段。我有一个同学叫Kate, 她的妈妈是我以前的英语老师。Kate是一个容易相处的女孩, 我们都喜欢她。Kate在这次英语演讲竞赛中获得了第一名, 这使得她妈妈很高兴。新年就要到了, 到时Kate会和她妈妈一起去香港。众所周知, 香港是一个购物天堂, Kate打算在那里买她
20、需要的东西。I have a classmate called Kate, whose mother is my former English teacher. Kate is a girl who is easy to get along with and we all like her. Kate won the first place in the speech contest, which made her mother very happy. The New Year is coming, when Kate will go to Hong Kong together with her mother. As we all know, Hong Kong is a shopping paradise, where Kate intends to buy what she needs. 关闭Word文档返回原板块