1、Unit 2 Poems基础自主检测阅读识记.英译汉1.rhyme n. 韵；押韵；押韵的词vi.& vt. (使)押韵2.nursery n. 托儿所3.diamond n. 钻石；菱形4.librarian n. 图书馆馆长；图书馆管理员5.championship n. 冠军称号6.pianist n. 钢琴家；钢琴演奏者7.violinist n. 小提琴演奏者.汉译英1.tick vt. 给标记号2.cottage n. 村舍；小屋3.sparrow n. 麻雀4.diploma n. 毕业文凭；学位证书pass n. 指南针，罗盘；(复数)圆规6.bride n. 新娘7.brid
2、egroom n. 新郎 高频应用1.pattern n. 模式；式样；图案2.tease vi.& vt. 取笑；招惹；戏弄3.branch n. 枝条；支流；部门 4.eventually adv. 最后；终于5.forever adv. 永远 6.section n. 部分；节；切下的块7.exchange n. 交换；交流；互换vt.& vi. 调换；交换8.sponsor n. 赞助人；主办者；倡议者vt. 发起；举办；倡议9.blank n. 空白adj. 空白的；茫然的10.darkness n. 黑暗；漆黑11.scholarship n. 奖学金；学问；学术成就12.load
3、 n. 负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)拓展变形1.poetry (n.) 诗(总称)；诗意poet (n.) 诗人poem (n.) 诗；韵文2.convey (vt.) 传达；运送conveyor (n.) 传送者；传输装置3.concrete (adj.) 具体的abstract (反义词) (adj.) 抽象的4.contradictory (adj.) 引起矛盾的；好反驳的contradict (v.) 反驳；与发生矛盾contradiction (n.) 抵触；矛盾；反驳5.flexible (adj.) 灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的flexibly (adv.) 灵活地6.salty (a
4、dj.) 含盐的；咸的salt (n.) 盐7.endless (adj.) 无穷的；无止境的end (v.& n) 结束；终止ending (n.) 结尾；结局8.minimum (n.) 最低限度；最少量；最小数maximum (反义词) (n.) 最大限度；最大量；最大数9.translation (n.) 翻译；译文translate (v.) 翻译translator (n.) 翻译者；译者10.transform (vt.& vi.) 转化；转换；改造；变换transformation (n.) 转化；转换11.sorrow (n.) 悲伤；悲痛；懊悔sorrowful (adj.
5、) 悲伤的12.bare (adj.) 赤裸的；光秃的；稀少的；最基本的barely (adv.) 仅仅；几乎不13.appropriate (adj.) 适当的；正当的appropriately (adv.) 适当地；正当地14.warmth (n.) 暖和；温暖warm (adj.) 暖和的warmly (adv.) 温暖地；热烈地1.后缀or必备名词sponsor 赞助人；主办者translator 翻译家，翻译者competitor 竞争人，对手director 指导者，导演indicator 指示者governor 统治者，管理者actor 演员visitor 参观者2.以ship为
6、后缀的高频名词scholarship 奖学金；学问；学术成就friendship 友谊leadership 领导；领导能力relationship 关系hardship 苦难membership 成员资格championship 冠军称号3.后缀ness高频名词darkness 黑暗sickness 疾病loneliness 孤独happiness 快乐sadness 悲伤kindness 善良bitterness 苦味；苦难；怨恨一 动词介/副词1.stay up 熬夜2.run out of 用完；用光3.be made up of 由构成4.hold on 坚持；别挂断5.try out
7、 测试；实验6.let out 发出；放走二 be形容词介词7.be popular with 受欢迎三 其他8.make sense 有意义；讲得通9.take it easy 轻松；不紧张；从容10.in particular 尤其；特别1.“v.out”搭配的短语集锦let out 发出；放走leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑bring out 阐明；使显示；出版make out 理解；辨认出pick out 挑出；辨认出figure out 想出；理解try out 测试；试验2.“v.on”必备短语一览hold on 别挂断；继续turn on 打开switch on 打开_1.
8、way作先行词引导定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语时关系词有三种：in which/that/省略；若从句中缺主语或宾语，常用that或whichSome poems tell a story or describe something in a way that_will_give_the_reader_a_strong_impression (给读者深刻印象的)(教材P10)2.while “然而”表对比Some rhyme (like B) while_others_do_not (然而有些不是这样) (like C)(教材P10)3.状语从句的省略And said though_stra
9、nge (虽然奇怪) they all were true.(教材P10)4.省略if的虚拟条件句Should_the_traveller_return (旅行者如果归来), this stone would utter speech.(教材P11)5.with的复合结构作状语With_so_many_different_forms_of_poetry_to_choose_from (有如此多不同类型的诗可以选择), students may eventually want to write poems of their own.(教材P11)单句语法填空1.There are various
10、 reasons _ people write poetry.答案：why2.By _ (play) with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.答案：playing3.We would have won if Jack _(score) that goal.答案：had scored4.Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem _ (make) up of five lines.答案：m
11、ade5.Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry _ is made up of 17 syllables.答案：which/that6.It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular _ English writers.答案：with7.It is easy to write and, like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a special feeling _ (use) the minimum of
12、words.答案：using8.A lot of Tang poetry has been translated _ English.答案：into9.Did you know that English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetryTang poems from China _ particular？答案：in10.It is _ (easy) than you might think and certainly worth a try！答案：easier考点步步冲关1 conveyvt. 传达；运送Others try to
13、convey certain emotions.(P10)而有些诗则是为了传达某种感情。convey sth. to sb. 向某人表达/传递某事物convey sb./sth. from A to B 把某人/某物从A地运送到B地convey ones appreciation to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人表示感谢convey ones feelings/meanings/sorrow 表达某人的感情/意思/难过即时练1单句语法填空Please convey my thanks _ your parents.Our every emotion and mood can _ (
14、convey) with the use of facial expressions and body language.They took a more reasonable approach, _ (convey) to their children how success at school could improve their lives.答案：tobe conveyedconveying2 transformvt.& vi. 转化；转换；改造；变换Never looking back, Transformed into stone.(P11)化为石，不回头。(1)transform
15、 . (from .) into . 把(从)转换成transform into 转化成；改造为be transformed from . into . 由变成(2)transformation n. 改变；转变；变革即时练2单句语法填空Their efforts have transformed the bald hill _ one covered with green trees all over.Computers _ (transform) how we learn, giving kids everywhere a window into all of the worlds kno
16、wledge.Every moment of every day, energy _ (transform) from one form into another._ (transform) into a frog by the witch(巫婆), the prince was driven out of the castle.答案：intohave transformedis being transformedTransformed3 exchangen. 交换；交流；互换 vt.& vi. 交换；调换If there had not been an exchange programme,
17、 he would not have found a sponsor to help him study abroad.(P13)如果以前没有交换学生的项目，他不会找到资助人赞助他出国。(1)make an exchange 交换in exchange for . 为了交换(2)exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物exchange A for B把A换成Bexchange ideas 交流思想名师点津exchange和change作动词时，前者强调双方交换，而后者则强调事物的属性或位置的改变。即时练3单句语法填空Would you like to exchange pl
18、aces _ me? I dont think youre comfortable in that seat.Can you tell me where I can exchange my American money _ foreign money?Its ridiculous to waste time _ (exchange) words with such a man._ (exchange) gifts and sending Christmas cards are the modern ways of celebrating Christmas in the world.答案：wi
19、thforexchangingExchanging4 loadn. 负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)vt.& vi. 装载；给负荷；加重Slowly the old man carries his load. (P16)那位老人慢慢地挑起担子。(1)take a load off ones mind 卸下重担；如释重负a load ofloads of 大量；许多(2)load sth. with .用装载某物load sth. into/onto . 把某物装到里/上be loaded with 装满；充满(3)unload vt.& vi. (从车上)卸货overload vt.& n. 超载u
20、pload/download vt. 上传/下载即时练4单句语法填空Its not easy to load so many goods _ the truck in such a short time.Knowing that they had arrived safely took a load _ my mind.A plane, _ (load) with passengers, was flying across the country when one of the engines caught on fire.Standing on the bank, the children
21、watched the ship being loaded _ all kinds of goods.答案：onto/intooffloadedwith用load的相关词汇或短语完成句子对他来说，养活一个五口之家是一个沉重负担。因此他不得不做很多事，装卸货车等。幸运的是他的两个儿子已找到工作，这使他如释重负。It is a heavy _ for him to support a family of five. So he has to do _ things, _ and _ trucks and so on. Luckily his two sons have found jobs, wh
22、ich has _.答案：load; loads of/a load of; loading; unloading; taken a load off his mind1take it easy 轻松；不紧张；从容教材原句We would have won if we hadnt taken it easy.(P10)如果我们没有放松警惕，我们本来会夺冠。take ones time 别着急；慢慢来take . seriously 重视；严肃对待take ones chance 碰运气take . for granted 认为理所当然即时练1单句语法填空When people ask you
23、to do something, you should take it _ (serious)Some of us always take _ for granted that our parents or grandparents should take care of us.答案：seriouslyit用take相关短语的适当形式填空Im sorry I made a mistake!_. Nobody is perfect.Theres no rush_.答案：Take it easytake your time2run out of 用完；用尽(主语是人)；从跑出去教材原句We wou
24、ld have won if we hadnt run out of energy.(P10)如果我们没有筋疲力尽，我们本来会夺冠。(1)run out (某物)耗尽run away 逃跑；跑开run across 偶然碰见run after 追赶；追逐run into遭遇；碰到；遇上(2)in the long/short run 从长远/短期来看(run为名词)run out of及物动词短语，主语一般为人，表示主动意义run out不及物动词短语，主语一般是物(时间、金钱、食物等)，相当于give outgive out不及物动词短语，也可以表示人的力气用完或者人筋疲力尽use up及物
25、动词短语，相当于run out of即时练2用run相关短语的适当形式填空The policemen are _ a prisoner who escaped last night.If you travel alone in the forest, you may _ danger.By that time his patience had completely _. She _ an old friend of hers on the way to the station.答案：running afterrun intorun outran across用run out of/run ou
26、t/give out/use up的适当形式填空Wed better buy some salt before we _ it _.We should find a different way to make sure that we dont _ the office necessities.If we keep using the water like this, it will soon _.I cant go further any longer. My strength has _.答案：use; uprun out ofrun outgiven out1Some rhyme (li
27、ke B) while others do not (like C)(P10)翻译有些诗押韵(如B)，而有些诗不押韵(如C)。句中while用作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比，相当于whereas，译作“然而；可是”。此外，while还有其他含义。(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当时；和同时”。(2)引导让步状语从句，常放在句首，意为“尽管；虽然”，比although或though语气要轻。(3)引导条件状语从句，相当于as long as，意为“只要”。(4)while用作名词，意为“一会儿；一段时间”。即时练1写出下列句中while的含义While we were eating, Kurt a
28、sked me, “John, what is your plan for personal growth？”_While she is a lovely girl, she can be extremely difficult to work with sometimes._While there is life, there is hope._She likes to lie down for a while after lunch._答案：当的时候尽管；虽然只要一段时间；一会儿2With_so_many_different_forms_of_poetry_to_choose_from,_
29、students may eventually want to write poems of their own.(P11)翻译有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许想自己写诗了。句中的with so many different forms of poetry to choose from为with的复合结构，在句中作状语，表示原因。with的复合结构还可表时间、方式、伴随等。with的复合结构的常见形式：with宾语即时练2单句语法填空_ the production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.You
30、cant imagine how she finished the relay race with her foot _ (wound) so severely.With more natural resources _ (run) out, the care for the environment is becoming more and more important.With so many essays _ (write), he wont have time to go shopping this morning.答案：Withwoundedrunningto write一句多译他把钥
31、匙握在手上还在到处寻找。_ in his hand, he looked for them everywhere.(with复合结构)_ in his hand, he looked for them everywhere.(分词作状语)_ in his hand, he looked for them everywhere.(独立主格结构)答案：With the keys heldHolding the keysThe keys held虚拟语气()虚拟语气的特殊句型1wish的宾语从句I wish I were a flying bird. 我希望我是一只飞行的鸟。I wish I had
32、nt made such a mistake.我希望我没有犯那个错误。2would rather从句I would rather you paid me now.我宁愿你现在付给我钱。I would rather you came tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。3as if/though从句She loves the baby as if it were her own son.她爱这个婴儿，好像是自己的儿子。I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.我记得整件事，它好像发生在昨天一样。4Its (about/hi
33、gh) time (that)Its high time that到了你去的时候了。5表示“要求、命令、建议”等的动词后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即should动词原形，should可以省略，此类动词有：一个坚持：insist二个命令：order, command三个建议：suggest, advise, propose四个要求：demand, desire, require, requestWe suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.我们建议汤姆休息一下。重点提示(1)若suggest/insist不表“建议；坚决/执意要求(某人做某事)”时，而表示“暗
34、示/表明；坚持认为”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。He insisted that she was seriously ill and that she (should) be sent to hospital at once.他坚持认为她病得很重，坚持要求她马上被送到医院。His pale face suggested that he was ill.他苍白的脸表明他病了。(2)由以上动词的名词形式构成的名词性从句，如表语从句和同位语从句，仍旧使用虚拟语气。My demand is that she (should) come to see me once a week.我要求她一
35、周来看我一次。6without, but for构成虚拟语气，其主句同if引导的虚拟语气的主句形式Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today.没有阳光，人们的生活会与今天不同。But for your help, I wouldnt have passed the exam.要不是你的帮助，我就不会通过考试。7if only . “要是就好了”，其使用形式与wish相同If only we had followed your advice!要是我们听了你的建议就好了！8Its necessary/strange/na
36、tural/important/a pity/no wonder/impossiblethat从句，从句中谓语动词用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。Its strange that she (should) refuse to come to the party.她拒绝来参加宴会，这真奇怪。即时练.单句语法填空1We often hear that children wish they _(be) grownups, and that old people wish to be young.答案：were2It was John who broke the window.
37、Why are you talking to me as if I _ (do) it?答案：had done3The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder, indicating that its high time we _ (reflect) on ourselves.答案：reflected/should reflect4If I _ (listen) to the teacher carefully yesterday, I _ (know) how to do it now.答案：had listened; would know
38、5The old lady insisted that the young man had stolen her wallet and that he _(send) to the police station.答案：(should) be sent.单句改错1If only she will try again._答案：willwould2It is high time that you go to school._答案：gowent或go前加should3George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id r
39、ather he focuses more on its culture._答案：focusesfocused4Look at the trouble I am in, if only I accepted your advice._答案：accepted前加had5It is important that the TOEFL office will confirm your registration._答案：willshould或删除will基础达标演练.单句语法填空1The question is whether they are sure their heart _ (load) wit
40、h love will bring good to their children.答案：loaded2In everyday communication, information _ (convey) by gestures is often misinterpreted.答案：conveyed3It is not appropriate _ me to discuss that now.答案：for4Some students feel that _ (exchange) gifts can make more friends and expand their network of frie
41、nds.答案：exchanging5It is a surprise that the faraway village _ (transform) into a famous tourist city in only ten years.答案：has been transformed6_ his sorrow, his grandfather died in a car accident yesterday.答案：To7Whats more, reading brings us not only _ (end) fun but also opportunities.答案：endless8Eng
42、lish is one of the _ (branch) of Germanic family of languages.答案：branches9We had many difficulties at first, but _ (eventual) we succeeded.答案：eventually10We should use our schedule _ (flexible) to balance our studies and spare time.答案：flexibly.单句改错1If you worked hard then, you would be in the univer
43、sity now._答案：worked前加had2With a lot of work do, I cant go out with you._答案：do前加to3Society is made of a variety of people; some are good, others bad, and still others in between._答案：made后加up4Take it easily. Well take care of everything._答案：easilyeasy5She felt that she had run out inspiration._答案：out后
44、加of.教材微写作A根据提示完成句子1众所周知，诗歌是一种常见的文学形式。(poetry; form)_答案：As we all know, poetry is a common form of literature.2它不仅能传达某些情感，而且能形象地把现实转换成文学。(convey; transform)_答案：It can not only convey certain emotions, but also vividly transform reality into literature.3通过诗歌，我们可以和朋友们交流感情、卸下心中的包袱。(exchange; load)_答案：Th
45、rough poems, we can exchange our feelings with friends and take a load off our mind.4很多诗人说，只要我们热爱生活，灵感就不会枯竭。(run out of; inspiration)_答案：A great many poets say only if we love life will we never run out of our inspiration.5为了提高我们的生活品质，在业余时间我们可以读一些自己喜欢的诗歌。(improve; spare time)_答案：In order to improve
46、the quality of life, we can read some poems that we like in our spare time.B将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范答案：As we all know, poetry is a common form of literature. It can not only convey certain emotions, but also vividly transform reality into literature. Through poems, we can exchange our feelings with friends and take a load off our mind. A great many poets say only if we love life will we never run out of our inspiration. In order to improve the quality of life, we can read some poems that we like in our spare time.
