1、武汉市部分重点中学2023届高三第一次联考高三 英语试卷命题学校: 武汉市第六中学 命题教师: 万敏 审题教师: 陈金萍 考试时间: 2023年11月17日下午14: 00-16: 00英语 试卷满分: 150分注意事项: 1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定的位置上。2. 回答选择题时, 选出每题答案后, 用铅笔把答案卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动, 先用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在试卷上无效。第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分) 听下面5段
2、对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What did the woman have last night? A. An apple. B. A peach. C. Half a watermelon. 2. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Join a research team. B. Recruit on campus. C. Try a new approach. 3. What do we know a
3、bout the woman? A. She had a bad shopping experience. B. She made a complaint. C. She forgot to fetch the clothes. 4. How did the woman go to work? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By subway. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The performance. B. The lines. C. The audience. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.
4、 5分, 满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。6. What is the mans attitude towards scanning a QR code? A. Disapproving. B. Ambiguous. C. Supportive. 7. Where will the woman go next? A. To a mobile phone
5、store. B. To a restaurant. C. To a gym. 听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。8. What time was the man supposed to arrive? A. At 10: 00 a. m. B. At 9: 00 a. m. C. At 8: 30 a. m. 9. Where do the speakers plan to camp? A. By the lake. B. On the mountain. C. In the park. 10. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Relaxed.
6、 B. Apologetic. C. Annoyed. 听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。11. What is the man doing at first? A. Explaining a definition. B. Learning about a phenomenon. C. Putting forward an idea. 12. Who is the man probably talking to? A. His roommate. B. His cousin. C. His colleague. 13. When does the conversation take plac
7、e? A. In December. B. In November. C. In September. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至16题。14. Why did the woman block the friend? A. He said something rude to her. B. He liked to share ads on WeChat Moments. C. He asked her to vote for him. 15. What did the speakers uncle do last night on Moments? A. He shared a photo.
8、 B. He gave a like to the womans photo. C. He commented on the mans photo. 16. What are the speakers going to do tomorrow? A. Send a message to their uncle. B. Invite their uncle to dinner. C. Call on their uncle. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。17. Where is Manning Provincial Park located? A. In Columbia. B. On
9、 the east of Vancouver. C. Around 3 hours drive west of Vancouver. 18. What can people do in Manning Provincial Park? A. Dive in the lake. B. Plant trees. C. Climb mountains. 19. Why is Manning Provincial Park a good place for campers? A. Its fully-equipped. B. Its convenient to get there. C. Its to
10、tally free. 20. What is the main purpose of the talk? A. To advertise a park. B. To introduce a camping site. C. To describe an unforgettable trip. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 每小题2. 5分, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题: 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALocation: Yongxiu county, Jiujiang city, Jiangxi prov
11、inceWebsites: www. lsxhfjq. cn (Cn) en. lsxhfjq. cn (En) Scenic Spot Level: AAAAAOpening Hours: 8: 00-18: 00 (April 1-Sept 30) 8: 00-17: 30 (Oct 1 March 31) Ticket Price: General admission: 85 yuan ($13. 16) /personBoat ticket: 70 yuan/personNotes: 1. Children under 1. 2 meters (exclusive) in height
12、, senior citizens aged 65 and above, residents of Yongxiu county and Wuning county, servicemen, tour guides, medical workers, and people who have a disability can enter free of charge. 2. Half-price admission is available for minors, people aged between 60 and 65, full-time university undergraduates
13、 and primary and secondary school students, and local residents of Xiushui county. Covering a total planned area of 495 square kilometers, the Lushan Xihai Scenic Area can be divided into two parts: Xihai Lake Area and Yunju Mountain Area. Due to its rich tourism resources, profound culture, and bea
14、utiful natural scenery, the Lushan Xihai Scenic Area is popular among tourists and is an ideal place for sightseeing, leisure, vacation, entertainment, and dining. In addition, it is home to the thrilling Jiangjun Canyon 9D sky glass bridge, drifting activity, the dynamic Xihai Water World, the Xiha
15、i Hot Spring, the picturesque Huahai Huayuan Valley, and authentic farmhouse food. At present, this scenic spot is focusing on the themes of “health, sports, and leisure”, and promoting the integrated development of tourism and sports as it develops into a first-class and world-renowned tourist dest
16、ination. 21. Which time is not available for visitors? A. 12: 00 May 20th B. 17: 30 Aug 1stC. 8: 00 Dec 5th D. 18: 00 Feb 28th 22. How much will they pay if two middle school students and a woman aged 66 choose to take a boat? A. 85yuan. B. 155yuan. C. 225yuan. D. 295yuan. 23. Which does not contrib
17、ute to the popularity of Lushan Xihai Scenic Area? A. High- tech integration. B. Exciting amusement facilities. C. Fantastic natural landscape. D. Abundant tourism resources. BWhen she returned home that year, she was given an enthusiastic welcome in the same hall. Many hands stretched out to her, m
18、any cameras focused on her. A reporter in glasses kept pestering her with the question: “What do you like best?” She was wondering how to respond when she caught sight of a bunch of flowers. Then she said, “Flowers!” Following her remarks, more flowers were at once presented out to her, too many for
19、 her to hold. During the past two years, she had participated in many international competitions and brought back one shining medal after another. What she got in return was all smiles, flowers and camera flashes. Was it because of this that she became preoccupied with winning? The more she won, the
20、 more obsessed she was with the fear of losing. So her mind was in fact more burdened with success than with failure. The mind could control physical pains but could not free itself from mental strain easily. This time when she was a little off balance on the horizontal bar (平衡木), she became so worr
21、ied that she lost self-control and fell off. This failure was followed by several more in other events. Afterwards in order to avoid people at the airport, she trailed along behind the team. She found that very few people greeted her and reporters seemed to shun her. However hard she tried, she coul
22、dnt turn the tide; she was a complete failure. Indeed, who would side with a failure? All of a sudden, she saw a pair of shoes in front of her. Who could it be? She raised her bent head slowly and saw a navy blue suit, long legs, and then a clear fair face. Before her stood the stewardess with her h
23、ands behind her back, speaking with a smile, “I watched your performance on the television. I knew you would come home today. So I am here especially to welcome you. “I did very poorly.” She lowered her head again. “No. You did your best.”“But I failed.”“Nobody can avoid failure. I believe failure i
24、s as important to you as success. Failure belongs to the past, and victory is the future.” The stewardesss voice came gentle but firm. Hearing these words, the girl raised her head. The stewardess held out her hands from behind her back with a big bouquet of colorful flowers, and presented it to the
25、 girl. The strong fragrance seemed to turn into a magic, powerful current that went through her body. She was moved to tears. Flowers are usually given to victorious heroes. Why to the disgraced loser? 24. What does the underlined word “pester” mean in paragraph 1? A. greet B. annoy C. inquire D. co
26、ncern25. According to the passage, what contributes to her winning medals before? A. She had received many smiles, flowers and camera flashes. B. She was passionate about walking on the horizontal bar. C. Her mind was free from over anxiety about failure. D. She was in good physical condition. 26. W
27、hat may be her strongest emotion after she failed? A. ashamed B. stressed C. miserable D. grief-stricken27. What is the main message the writer tries to convey? A. Action is worrys worst enemy. B. The winners laugh and the losers weep. C. Excessive pressure will become a burdenD. Success is never fi
28、nal and failure is never fatal. CAn unlikely scandal affected the British government greatly. After Covid-19 forced the government to cancel the “A-level” exams that help determine university admission, the British education regulator used an algorithm (算法) to predict what score each student would h
29、ave received on their exam. The algorithm relied in part on how the schools students had historically fared on the exam. Schools with richer children tended to have better track records, so the algorithm gave wealthy students-even those on track for the same grades as poor students - much higher pre
30、dicted scores. High - achieving, low - income pupils whose schools had not previously performed well were hit particularly hard. After threats of legal action and widespread demonstrations, the government backed down and canceled the algorithmic grading process entirely. This wasnt an isolated incid
31、ent: In the United States similar issues troubled the International Baccalaureate exam, which used an opaque (不透明) artificial intelligence system to set students scores, prompting protests from thousands of students and parents. These episodes highlight some of the traps of algorithmic decision - ma
32、king. As technology advances, companies, governments, and other organizations are increasingly relying on algorithms to predict important social outcomes, using them to distribute jobs, forecast crime, and even try to prevent child abuse. These technologies promise to increase efficiency, enable mor
33、e targeted policy interventions, and remove human imperfections from decision-making processes. But critics worry that opaque machine learning systems will in fact reflect and further keep shortcomings in how organizations typically function - including by establishing the racial, class, and gender
34、prejudices of the societies that develop these systems. But there is an even more basic concern about algorithmic decision - making. Even in the absence of systematic class or racial prejudice, what if algorithms struggle to make even remotely accurate predictions about the track of individuals live
35、s? 28. Why did the author mention A-level exams in the first paragraph? A. To expose a scandal. B. To present an example. C. To introduce the topic. D. To arouse public concern. 29. Who are probably in favor of the algorithmic grading system? A. Average students from top schools. B. Straight A stude
36、nts from top schools. C. Average students from better off families. D. Straight A students with disadvantaged background. 30. What can we infer from the passage? A. The algorithmic grading system resulted in legal action. B. Algorithmic decision making is not necessarily reliable. C. Algorithmic dec
37、ision - making develops systematic prejudices D. The British government approves of the algorithmic grading system. 31. According the author, what is a major concern regarding algorithmic decision - making? A. Potential systematic class and racial prejudice. B. Increasing dependence on its predicted
38、 outcomes C. Potential feature to keep track of an individuals life. D. Further application to foretell an individuals fortune. DSolar panels that grow spinach (菠菜) by pulling in steam from the air could offer a low-cost strategy to produce crops in the desert, a new study says. A new system, called
39、 WEC2P, consists of solar panels coated with hydrogel (水凝胶) , researchers in Saudi Arabia report. The hydrogel -lined solar panels are mounted (安装) on top of a large metal box that turns water vapor from the air into liquid water for growing crops. Over two weeks of hot weather last summer, the rese
40、archers were able to grow spinach with a crop survival rate of 95 percent. According to the experts, the technology offers a “low-cost strategy” to improve food and water security. Its described as “low cost” as the hydrogels use material as cheap as $1 per kilogram, although the combined cost of bu
41、ilding and adopting such a system would be much more. As well as powering the growth of crops, harvesting steam from the air can also provide clean drinking water. “Our goal is to create a system of clean energy, water, and food production, especially the water -creation part in our design,” said Wa
42、ng. “Our design makes water out of air using clean energy that wouldve been wasted and is suitable for scattered, small-scale farms in remote places like deserts and oceanic islands.” Commercial solar panels can usually transform less than a quarter of absorbed sunlight into electricity, while the r
43、emainder of the radiation is either lost as heat or heats up the panels, which in turn reduces their efficiency. One potential issue with the system is it relies on high levels of humidity (湿度) -when there is a lot of steam in the surrounding air-and may not be quite as effective in very dry areas.
44、“The performance and furthermore the cost of the system will have to be further and significantly improved before it can be made economically attractive,” said Wang. 32. Which best describes the researchers spinach planting last summer? A. Costly. B. Demanding. C. Profitable. D. Unattractive. 33. Wh
45、y is the technology described as low cost? A. Because its easy to collect steam from the air. B. Because of the low cost of building the system. C. Because of the extensive application of the system. D. Because the material used in hydrogels is inexpensive. 34. What can we learn about the technology
46、 in Paragraph 4? A. It makes up for the weaknesses of commercial solar panels. B. It will be widely used on large farms in remote desert areas. C. Most of the sunlight absorbed is transformed into electricity. D. Absorbed sunlight reduces the efficiency of the solar panels. 35. How may Wangs team im
47、prove the performance of the system later? A. By staying away from very dry areas. B. By reducing dependence on humidity. C. By increasing research costs. D. By increasing the level of humidity in the air. 第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2. 5分。满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Im a hiker “born to h
48、ike”, as my husband likes to joke. It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail, especially when Im alone and can let my mind wander where it will. The experience of hiking is unique, research suggests, conveying benefits beyond what you receive from typical exercise. Hiking
49、 in nature is not only good for our bodies, but also good for our moods, our minds, and our relationships. 36 Hiking keeps your mind sharper than many other forms of exercise. 37 But research suggests that hiking doesnt just feel good, it might also keep my brain in top shape. 38 Exercise in general
50、 can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you that dose of nature you need to stay happy. Hiking can increase our creativity. Im sure Im not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wande
51、r freely in creative directions. 39 Studies have found connections between creative thinking and nature experiences, too. Hiking helps strengthen a positive relationship with the natural world. Besides being good for us, hiking may also help the world around us. After all, if we can walk and cover l
52、onger distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint. 40 It increases our connection to nature. Developing a positive relationship with the natural world can help us to care about its fate, making us more committed to conservation efforts. A. Hiking helps to keep you calm and happ
53、y B. Hiking and writing have strong connections C. Beyond that, hiking benefits our planet indirectly D. Here is what science is saying about the benefits of hiking E. In fact, Ive written many of my songs while hiking on a trail F. This all goes to show that hiking may be one of the best ways to mo
54、ve your body G. Being a professional writer, I sometimes have trouble taking the time to hike in the middle of my workday. 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。At the age of 41, I finally got to live my childhood dream. I got to spend
55、an entire 41 alone at an airport. I was 42 by mere minutes. The next plane wouldnt be 43 until early the next morning. I take advantage of my “extra vacation time” and make my own 44 . First, I passed through the rotunda (圆形大厅), which I had 45 through many times before without ever truly looking at
56、it. Then, I found a fashion 46 made by students and took my time appreciating their 47 and hard work. Late, I was 48 with a full-size copy of a large brontosaurus (雷龙). You wonder what that brontosaurus might have been thinking about before it 49 and how it might have felt about living in an airport
57、. You wonder what the 50 might look like in the future. I waved to all the security cameras, hoping that there was someone 51 on the other side, having a good laugh. I 52 my airport adventures that night. I thought little of the posts when my flight took off. By the time my plane 53 , they were goin
58、g viral. As a writer, I would have 54 this to make me happy. But I began to feel a deep sadness. Has everyone grown entirely 55 to the beauty all around us? 41. A. weekend B. nightC. dayD. decade42. A. disappointedB. amused C. earlyD. late43. A. arriving B. missing C. landing D. waiting44. A. attemp
59、t B. decision C. adventure D. journey45. A. wandered B. cycled C. rushed D. struggled46. A. trend B. display C. collection D. decoration47. A. generosity B. distribution C. admirationD. talent48. A. greeted B. provided C. troubled D. served 49. A. accumulated B. vanished C. died D. appeared50. A. br
60、ontosaurus B. airport C. human D. world51. A. watching B. trembling C. investigating D. blessing52. A. demonstrated B. copied C. posted D. appreciated53. A. gave off B. touched down C. picked up D. broke through54. A. preferred B. inspired C. recommended D. expected55. A. blind B. accustomed C. addi
61、cted D. related第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Two giant pandas “Sihai” and “Jingjing” left the Yaan Bi Feng Xia Base of China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda (CCRCGP) in Sichuan Province on Oct. 18, 2022, _ (56) (start) their journey to Qatar. To e
62、nsure that _ (57) two pandas start their new lives smoothly, both sides have made full _ (58) (prepare). The two pandas have been in good condition _ (59) the CCRCGP put them into quarantine (隔离) a month ago. The Chinese team has also sent several expert groups to Qatar for on-site guidance and asse
63、ssment of the venues, _ (60) will assist the country in setting up a _ (61) (profession) giant panda breeding and management team, and ensure supplies of bamboo. To help the giant pandas adapt to their new environment _ (62) (easy), the research center has also sent experienced breeders and experts
64、to Qatar. In May 2020, China and Qatar signed a cooperation agreement _ (63) (concern) giant panda protection and research to _ (64) (far) promote international cooperation in the field and to boost the protection of endangered species and biodiversity in the two countries. It is the first time that
65、 China _ (65) (cooperate) with a Middle Eastern country in this capacity. 第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分) 假如你是李华, 你的外国朋友Henry明年打算来中国游玩, 请你给他写一封信, 向他推荐一个主题乐园。内容包括: 1. 推荐理由; 2. 主要活动; 3. 美好祝愿注意: 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。_第二节读后续写 (满分25分) 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。I grew up in a
66、 small town where the primary school was a ten-minute walk from my house and children could go home for lunch and find their mothers waiting. At the time, I did not consider this a luxury, although today it certainly would be. I took it for granted that mothers were the sandwich-makers, the finger-p
67、ainting appreciations and the homework monitors. I never questioned that this ambitious, intelligent woman, who had had a career before I was born and would eventually return to a career, would spend almost every lunch hour throughout my primary school years just with me . I only knew that when the
68、noon bell rang, I would race breathlessly home. My mother would be standing at the top of the stairs, smiling down at me with a look that suggested I was the only important thing she had on her mind. For this I am forever grateful. Some sounds bring it back: the high and long sound of my mothers boi
69、ling teapot, the low and continuous noises of the washing machine in the basement, the ringing of my dogs license tags as she bounded down the stairs to greet me. Some memories are still in my mind: the delicious peanut-butter sandwiches and the chocolate-chip cookies, and the dandelion that once ga
70、ve me courage at the night of my performance. A few months ago, my mother came to visit. I took off a day from work and treated her to lunch. The restaurant busy with noontime activity as business people made deals and glanced at their watches. In the middle of all this sat my mother, now retired, a
71、nd I. From her face I could see that she actually enjoyed the pace of the world注意: 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2. 续写部分分为两段, 每段开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1: “Mom, you must have been terribly bored staying at home when I was a child,” I said. _Paragraph 2: Just then, looking at her, I could picture us sitting at her
72、kitchen table once again. _武汉市部分重点中学2023届高三第一次联考高三 英语试卷 参考答案听力: 1-5 BCABA6-10 ACCBA11-15 BCABA16-20 CBCAA阅读: 21-23 DDA 24-27 BCAD 28-31 CABD 32-35 CDAB 36-40 DGAEC完形填空: BDACC BDACD ACBDA语法填空: 56. starting 57. the 58. preparations 59. since 60. which61. professional 62. easily 63. concerning 64. furt
73、her 65. has cooperated范文: 应用文: Dear Henry, I am delighted to learn you will come to China and Im equally pleased to recommend Shanghai Disneyland, a theme park which never fails to fascinate me. As the sixth theme park built by The Walt Disney Company in the world, it has been a popular resort ever
74、since its opening on June 16, 2016 receiving thousands of tourists every single day. Strolling in the park, you will feel as if you were in a magical world where all your childhood dreams can come true, travelling through space or visiting a pirate ship, not to mention meeting an adorable fairytale
75、or cartoon character. Of course, Disneyland also has many thrilling rides to amuse you, from enormous swinging ships to scary freefall drops. I am fully convinced you will leave the park, feeling refreshed and revitalized. Sincerely hope all these can be of great help to you. Look forward to your ar
76、rival and wish you all the best. Yours, Li Hua 读后续写: “Mom, you must have been terribly bored staying at home when I was a child,” I said. “Bored?” Housework is boring. But you were never boring. “I didnt believe her, so I pressed.” Surely children are not as stimulating as a career.” “A career is st
77、imulating,” she said. “I am glad I had one. But career is like an open balloon. It remains inflated only as long as you keep pumping. A child is a seed. You water it. You care for it the best you can. And then it grows all by itself into a beautiful flower.”Just then, looking at her, I could picture
78、 us sitting at her kitchen table once again. We enjoyed our lunchtimes together, bathed in the soft midday night. They are the commas in my childhood, the pauses that told me life is not savored in premeasured increments, but in the sum of daily rituals and small pleasures we casually share with lov
79、ed ones. Over peanut-butter sandwiches and chocolate-chip cookies, I learned that love, first and foremost, means being there for the little things. 参考答案及解析: A篇: 21. D 细节理解题。根据文章开头部分”Opening Hours: 8: 00-18: 00 (April 1-Sept 30) 8: 00-17: 30 (Oct 1 March 31) “可知, D项18: 00 Feb 28th是景点不开门的时间。故选D。22. D
80、 细节理解题。根据Ticket Price和Notes 里的信息, 86岁老人免门票, 两个中学生门票是半价, 即一共85元。如坐船, 需另外每人付费70元。则一共付费295元。故选D。23. A细节理解题。根据文章中”Due to its rich tourism resources, profound culture, and beautiful natural scenery-”和 “In addition, it is home to the thrilling Jiangjun Canyon 9D sky glass bridge, drifting activity-”可知选项BC
81、D均有提及。故选A。B篇24. B 词意猜测题。根据pester所在这句A reporter in glasses kept pestering her with the question: “What do you like best? “和前后句Many hands stretched out to her, many cameras focused on her. 可知, 她成功是很多人在关注她, 其中有一位记者一直缠着她问问题。故答案为B。25. C判断推理题。从第一段The more she won, the more obsessed she was with the fear o
82、f losing. So her mind was in fact more burdened with success than with failure可知, 当她赢的次数越多, 越害怕失败, 后来连续失败。所以推出心无旁骛才会赢, 其他选项文中均未涉及。故答案为C。26. A细节理解题。从文章中她失败后的这些行为, 比如avoid people at the airport飞机场避开人群, she trailed along behind the team跟在队伍后面, lowered her head低下头等, 可看出她当时最主要是觉得羞愧。故答案为 A 。27. D考察主旨题。这篇文
83、章通过讲述鲜花不仅可以赠英雄, 失败者也值得被送花的故事, 表达失败也并不可怕, 故答案为D。C篇【文章大意】一种算法被用来预测学生在考试中可能获得的分数。该算法对学生并不公平, 所以人们反对它在教育上的应用, 尽管该算法在社会很多方面中正运用着。28. C 理解主旨题。根据文章第一段内容: 政府取消A-level考试后, 使用了一个新算法来预测每个学生将获得的分数, 因此提到A-level考试是为了引起话题, 故答案选C。29. A 推理判断题。文章第二段内容”Schools with richer children tended to have better track records,
84、so the algorithm gave wealthy students-even those on track for the same grades as poor students - much higher predicted scores. “可知, 有富裕孩子的学校往往有更好的成绩, 所以算法给富裕学生即使是那些与贫困学生成绩相同的学生更高的分数, 故推测, 这类学生会支持算法决策。故答案选A。30. B推理判断题。文章第三段内容”But critics worry that opaque machine learning systems will in fact reflec
85、t and further keep shortcomings in how organizations typically function-”可知, 批评人士担心, 不透明的机器学习系统实际上会反应并进一步保留组织正常运作方式的缺陷-, 故推测, 算法决策不靠谱。故答案选B。31. D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段内容: 但对于算法决策还有一个更基本的担忧, 即使没有系统性的阶级或种族偏见, 算法也很难对个人生活轨迹做出哪怕是微乎其微的准确预测。故答案选D。D篇: 【文章大意】: 科学家发明了太阳能驱动的系统, 该系统展示了在发电的同时, 如何利用空气中的水成功种植菠菜。32. C 推理判
86、断题。根据第一段最后一句可知, 去年夏天, 在为时两周的炎热天气下, 研究人员种植了一些菠菜, 结果它们的成活率高达95%。因此可以判断, 研究人员的菠菜种植很成功, 故答案为C 。33. D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知, 这项技术被描述为”低成本”, 因为水凝胶所使用的材料非常便宜, 故答案为 D 。34. A 细节理解题。根据第四段可知, 商用太阳能电池板通常只能将所吸收阳光的不到四分之一转化为电能, 其余的阳光均被白白浪费。而这项新技术就是利用这种原本会被浪费的能源, 即这项技术弥补了商用太阳能电池板对阳光利用率的不足, 故答案为 A 。35. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句
87、可知, 王的团队未来的工作方向就是要提高该系统的性能。又根据最后一段第一句可知, 该系统目前存在的一个问题是它依赖高湿度。因此可以判断, 不断降低该系统对湿度的依赖很可能是该团队未来提高该系统性能的努力方向, 故答案为B 。七选五: 【文章大意】作者是一个徒步旅行者、在徒步旅行的过程中, 作者意识到了徒步旅行的诸多好处。36. D 该句是结尾句, 引出下面各个段落徒步旅行的各种好处, 关键词为”the benefits of hiking”。37. G该句”作为一名职业作家, 有时我也很难在工作期间抽时间去徒步”与下一句”但研究说, 能步不仅让人感觉良好, 还可能让我们的大脑保持最佳状态”构成
88、转折关系。38. A 该句”徒步能让你保持冷静和愉悦”为主题句, 下文”decrease stress “和”give you that dose of nature you need to stay happy”为关键信息。39. E 该句”事实上, 我的很多歌曲都是在徒步的时候创作的”, 一方面支撑该段主题句”徒步可以提升我们的创造力”, 另一方面对前一句提到的”在大自然里漫步可以让我自由创作”进行实例证明。40. C 该句”除此以外, 徒步可以间接造福我们的地球”与上文形成递进关系, 同时引出下文”increases our connection to nature”“can help
89、us to care about its fate”。完形填空: 【文章大意】文章讲述了作者因错过航班被迫在机场过夜的一次经历。41. B 考查名词辨析。根据第一段”The next plane wouldnt be until early the next morning “可知, 下一班飞机要到第二天早晨才能到达, 所以作者应该是不得不独自在机场过夜, 故选 B 。42. D 考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者仅仅是来晚了几分钟, 结果错过了航班, 故选 D 。43. A 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 下一班的飞机要到第二天早晨才能到达, 故选 A 。44. C考查名词辨析。根据语境及下
90、文内容可知, 作者不得不在机场过夜, 于是他利用自己”额外的假期”进行机场探险, 故选 C。45. C 考察动词辨析。根据”through many times before without ever truly looking at it”可知, 作者以前应该是多次匆匆经过, 没有认真看圆形大厅, 故选 C 。46. B 考查名词辨析。根据” made by students “took my time appreciating 和第一段” at an airport “可知, 作者发现的应该是学生做的、放在机场的时装展示, 故选 B 。47. D考查名词辨析。偶遇时装展示, 作者花了些时间
91、欣赏学生的才华和努力, 故选 D 。48. A 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 接下来, 映人作者眼帘的 (was greeted with ) 是一个全尺寸的大型雷龙复制品, 故选 A 。49. C考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 见到巨型雷龙, 作者产生了无限遐想。他想人们见到这个庞然大物会好奇那只雷龙死前在想什么, 故选 C 。50. D 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者的思绪天马行空, 想到的应该都是一些大问题, 了恐龙死前在想什么, 也会好奇未来世界会是什么样子, 故选 D 。51. A 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知, 作者向摄像头挥手, 他希望另一头看监控的人因为他的滑稽而开心地笑, 故
92、选 A 。52. C 考查动词辨析。根据” I thought little of the posts when my flight took off “可知, 作者是在社交媒体上发了帖子, 故选 Co 53. B 考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知, 作者上飞机时, 他并没有在意自己的帖子。而飞机着陆时, 它们已经火了。可以从上飞机推断后面为飞机着陆, 故选 B 54. D 考查动词辨析。作为一名作家高阅读量本来能让他感到高兴, 故选 D . 55. A 考查形容词辨析。上句说 “began to feel a deep sadness”, 这里是在解释忧伤的原因。作者这里用了一个反问表达对于大家都不认真发现身边美好事物的现象的惋惜之情, 故选 A 。