1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 5Working the LandReading and Thinking词汇知识自主学习. 根据语境写出正确的单词1. shortage (不足) of2. tackle (解决) this crisis 3. boost (使增长) yields in the fields4. Chinese characteristic (特色)5. convince(使确信)sb. of sth. 6. attain(获得, 得到)ones goal7. convent
2、ional(传统的)opinions 8. assumption (承担) of responsibility9. intense (不懈的)effort10. overcome(克服)difficulties11. expand(增加)output12. it is estimated (估计)that 13. domestic(国内的)markets 14. consumption(消费)tax15. generate(产生)power16. a life of leisure(闲暇). 根据语境填入适当的介词或副词1. He decided to devote the rest of h
3、is life to scientific work. 2. The concert is comprised of performances that were all put up by our very own talented students! 3. Deep down, they realize that happiness cant be bought, but it can be shared. 4. It was the first time I had set foot on African soil. 5. The enemies are fierce in appear
4、ance but very weak in reality. . 翻译下列课文原句, 并观察黑体部分1. Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life. 确实, 他瘦削但结实的身躯, 与其为之奉献毕生的千千万万的中国农民无异。2. Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is compri
5、sed of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed Chinas farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. 如今, 据估计, 中国国内水稻消费的60%左右是由袁(隆平)的杂交品种生产的作物构成的, 这些杂交品种使中国农民每年能生产约2亿吨水稻。根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词1. -tion常用于动词之后构成名词assume v. assumption n. 假设consume v. consumptionn.
6、消费explore v. explorationn. 勘查explain v. explanation n. 解释examine v. examination n. 考试2. 名词之后加 -al, 可转化为形容词agriculture n. agricultural adj. 农业的medicine n. medical adj. 医疗的, 医学的nation n. national adj. 民族的, 国家的阅读精析合作学习Task 1框架宏观建构: 整体理解1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks2. What is the text type
7、of the passage? A. Narration(记叙文)B. Practical Writing(应用文)C. Expository Writing(说明文)D. Argumentative Writing(议论文)答案: A3. Whats the main idea of this passage? The text is mainly about Yuan Longping who has made a great contribution to producing better rice. 【寻技巧提能力】 抓住文章主线和关键词语, 归纳文章中心要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句
8、, 有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章, 就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析, 概括出段落的主题, 从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法: 先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容, 这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系, 然后加以归纳形成主题。Task 2文本微观剖析: 细节探究1. Choose the best answer. (1)Why does Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer? A. He was born in a farmer family. B. He is known as the “father of hybrid rice”. C. He wa
9、s educated at an agricultural college. D. He continually works the land in his research. (2)Why did Yuan decide to study agriculture? A. His parents wanted him to pursue a career in agriculture. B. He wanted to deal with the crisis of shortage of food. C. He wanted to be the “father of hybrid rice”.
10、 D. He was interested in agriculture. (3)Whats the main advantage of hybrid crops? A. They can get a higher yield than conventional crops. B. Many famous scientists are interested in them. C. They are created by Yuan Longping. D. They are self-pollinating plants. (4)How has Yuans work helped China a
11、nd other countries? A. Yuan donated his rice to farmers at home and abroad. B. Yuan helped farmers at home and abroad study agriculture. C. It helped farmers produce more rice to feed the world. D. It helped farmers make a lot of money. (5)Whats Yuans latest vision? A. He retired and enjoyed his lif
12、e of leisure. B. He received many awards both in China and abroad. C. His seawater rice has become a reality. D. He dreamed to plant hybrid rice in India and Vietnam. 答案: (1)(5)DBACCReread the passage and fill in the blanks. Yuan Longping was born in 1930. When he was young, he saw many people go (1
13、)hungry often. So he has (2)devoted himself to finding ways of (3)increasing rice harvests without (4)expanding the area of fields since he (5)graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Now about 60%of the rice (6)produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain. Hes circulating hi
14、s (7)knowledge in many other countries (such as India and Vietnam) to increase their rice harvests. He cares little for (8)celebrity and money and makes large (9)donations to support agricultural research. Now his dreams of (10)exporting his rice abroad and “seawater rice” have become a reality. 2.
15、Long sentence analysis. 译文: 然而, 他最担心的是农民经常收成不好, 有时甚至严重缺粮。Task 3阅读思维升华: 主题实践1. Work in groups and put forward some advice on what we should learn from great scientists like Yuan Longping? (Creative Thinking创造性思维)(1)Cares little for celebrity/fame or money/wealth. (2)Serve people heart and soul. (3)Ha
16、ve the dream to help people. 2. If you had the chance to do something to help end hunger in the world, what would you do? (Critical Thinking批判性思维)(1)Invent a new kind of plant to produce more food. (2)Find a sort of fertilizer to give corns enough nutrition(营养) and let them grow quickly and boost hi
17、gher yields. (3)Stop polluting the environment and protect the soil in the field. (4)Make good use of the waste and abandoned land. 要点精研探究学习1. devote vt. 把献(给); 把专用于; 专心于*Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life. 事实上, 他瘦削但结实的身
18、躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。*(2020全国卷)Regardless of the risk of getting infected, Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job. 尽管有感染的风险, 李叔叔对工作很负责任和投入。*I feel that Ive been given a second life to devote to something that is meaningful and enormous. 我觉得我被赋予了第二次生命, 去致力于一些有意义和伟大的事情。【词块积累】(1)devote. .
19、. to (doing) sth. 把(时间、精力或注意力)投入、用于(做)某事devote oneself to 献身于; 致力于; 专心于(to是介词)(2)devotedadj. 热爱的, 忠诚的(3)devotion n. 献身, 忠诚, 热爱, 专心【知识延伸】表达“献身于, 专心于”的常用短语还有: give ones life to. . . commit oneself to. . . apply oneself to. . . dedicate. . . to. . . (1)语法填空。She had started to devote her energies to tea
20、ching (teach) rather than performing. The fans are devoted (devote) to their favorite stars. (2)If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally youll succeed. 如果你有一份工作, 务必全身心投入, 最终你会成功的。(3)She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. 她为中国的妇女和儿童医疗事业贡献了毕生精力。2. short
21、age n. 不足; 缺少; 短缺*However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 然而, 他最担心的是农民往往收成不好, 有时甚至严重缺粮。*(2019浙江高考)The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. 在树木缺水最严重的地区,
22、 大树的损失最大。【词块积累】(1)food/water/housing shortages 食物/用水/住房短缺shortage of 缺乏(2)short adj. 不足的; 缺乏的be short of 缺乏, 不足(1)Theres no shortage of ideas when it comes to improving the education of children. 谈到改善孩子教育的问题, 大家都想法多多。(2)Although three days isnt very long, shortage of time was the least of his proble
23、ms. 虽然3天时间不算长, 但对他来说, 这已经是最不成问题的问题了。(3)The going was slow on the project because of a shortage of skilled workers. 这项工程进展缓慢, 因为缺少熟练的工人。 3. convince vt. 使相信; 使确信; 说服*Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 袁隆平相信在杂交水稻的培育中可以找到答案。*(2020全国卷) He says its not easy
24、to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. 他说, 虽然说服人们相信海狸鼠皮毛环保是不容易的, 但是他对此毫不怀疑。*(2020天津高考) He convinced the police department to allow him to set up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. 他说服警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设置几张“聊天椅”。*Youll need to convince them of you
25、r enthusiasm for the job. 你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。【词块积累】(1)convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事convince sb. + that从句 使某人相信convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事(2)convincing adj.令人信服的(3)convinced adj. 确信的, 坚信的(1)语法填空。The lawyer could not produce any convincing (convince)evidence. (2)I am convinced that with our joint e
26、fforts we can undoubtedly get good results. 我相信, 通过我们的共同努力, 我们无疑能取得好的结果。(3)It took a long time to convince me of his guilt. 花了很长时间才使我相信他是有罪的。(4)What convinced you to vote for them? 是什么使得你愿意投他们的票? 4. assumption n. 假定; 设定; (责任的)承担; (权利的)获得*The common assumption then was that it could not be done. 当时的普
27、遍假设是这是做不到的。*(2019江苏高考)A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors centers. 一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些副本转交给了公园管理部门, 认为他们可能会将其放大以供其中一个游客中心展示。*(2019江苏高考)We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assu
28、me that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. 我们非常喜欢我们的高智商, 以至于我们认为当涉及脑力时, 大脑一定越大越好。*It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work. 普遍认为, 紧张是工作过重所致。【词块积累】 (1)assume v. 假定; 假设; 认为It is assumed that. . . 人们(普遍)认为(2)with an assumption of/on the assumption that 假设语法填空。(1)On
29、 the assumption that everyone invited will turn up, the hall is a little crowded. (2)The hostess walked up and down the stage with an assumption of confidence. (3)Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds. 5. estimate vt. 估计; 估价; 估算 n. 估计; 估算*It is estimated (that) the house is worth 3, 000,
30、 000 dollars. 据估计, 这座房子值三百万美元。*Can you estimate the worth of the used car? 你能估算一下这辆旧汽车值多少钱吗? *(2020 天津高考) I have underestimated you as I didnt know your background. 因为我不知道你的背景而低估了你。【词块积累】(1)be estimated to be/have估计It is estimated + that. . . 据估计(2)at a rough estimate粗略估计, 粗略说来(3)underestimate v. 低估
31、(1)I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need. 我可以粗略估计一下你所需要的木材量。(2)He is estimated to have studied cancer for 14 years. 估计他已经研究癌症14年了。(3)It is estimated that the project will last four years. 据估计这项工程将持续四年。(4)The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old. 这棵树估计至少有700年了。
32、6. reality n. 现实; 实际情况; 事实*His latest vision for “seawater rice” has also become a reality, and potentially opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production. 他关于“海水水稻”的最新设想也成为了现实, 并有可能在中国开辟近100万平方千米的盐碱地, 用于水稻生产。*(2020江苏高考) The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s
33、, allowing for a new generation of virtual reality. 6G的速度将会超过每秒125GB, 使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。 *Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. 曼恩认为, Terrafugia比任何人都更接近于使飞车成为现实。【词块积累】(1)in reality 事实上; 实际上escape from reality逃避现实(2)real adj. 真实的reallyadv. 真实地(3)realistic
34、 adj. 现实的, 实际的, 现实主义的, 逼真的(1)语法填空。Turning that vision into a practical reality(real) is not easy. I really(real) dont see any reason for changing it. (2)He came across as streetwise, but in reality he was not. 他给人的印象是很适应都市生活, 但实际上并非如此。(3)He soon turned his dreams to reality. 不久他便梦想成真了。7. expand vt.
35、&vi. 扩大, 增加vt. 扩展, 发展(业务) *This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly. 这种杂交使农民能够大幅度增加产量。*(2019天津高考)Six years after its launch, Cuddle Buddies continues to expand. 推出六年之后, Cuddle Buddies项目继续扩大。*We need additional support to strengthen and expand into new areas. 我们需要额外的支持从而加强和扩展到新的领域。*
36、Im quite satisfied with your explanation, so theres no need to expand on it. 我对你的解释十分满意, 因此不需要详细阐述了。*He hopes the event will take place every year and expand to neighboring countries. 他希望每年都可以举行这种活动, 并且扩展到周边国家。【词块积累】expand into 扩展到expand on 展开; 更充分地阐述; 详谈expand to 扩展到语法填空。(1)The company is eager to
37、expand into new markets. (2)The forest land of the province will be expanded to ten million mu within five years. (3)Committee members expanded on the issues at the meeting. 8. comprisevt. 包括; 包含; 由组成 * Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised o
38、f crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains. 如今, 据估计, 中国约60%的国内大米消费是由袁(隆平)的杂交品种生产的作物构成的。* Women comprise 44% of hospital medical staff. 女性占医院医护人员的44%。【词块积累】be comprised of包括; 包含; 由组成(或构成)【知识延伸】 表达“由组成(或构成)”的常用短语还有consist of(主动形式表被动), be made up of, be composed of一句多译。足球队由十一名队员组成。(1)A football team i
39、s comprised/composed of eleven players. (comprise)(2)A football team is made up of eleven players. (make)(3)A football team consists of eleven players. (consist)9. Yuans innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam. 袁(隆平)的
40、创新不仅帮助了中国, 也帮助了许多其他依赖大米的国家, 如印度和越南。【句式解构】句中包含not just. . . but. . . (不仅/不但而且)结构, 相当于not only. . . but (also). . . (also可省略)。该句型可连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语和状语, 说话的侧重点在后一部分。当连接两个并列主语时, 谓语动词的形式应根据“就近原则”, 同最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。*(2020天津高考 )This effort is not just an attempt at being community minded its also a crime-
41、cutting measure. 这项努力不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试, 也是一种减少犯罪的措施。*(2019全国卷)What I want is not just an ordinary cafe but a very special one. 我想要的不只是一个普通的咖啡馆, 而是一个非常特别的咖啡馆。*I like not just pop music but country music. 我不仅喜欢流行音乐, 而且喜欢乡村音乐。(1)This book is not just interesting but also useful. 这本书不但有趣而且有用。(2)Lu Xun is fa
42、mous not just in China but in the whole world. 鲁迅不只在中国有名, 而且在全世界都很著名。(3)He can not just drive but repair a car. 他不仅会开车而且会修车。【要点拾遗】1. consider v. (仔细)考虑, 体谅, 顾及; 认为, 觉得*Yet, he considers himself a farmer because he continually works the land in his research. 然而, 他(袁隆平)认为自己是农民, 因为他在田间耕作, 进行科学研究。*(2020
43、浙江高考) Now he hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger. 现在他希望其他城市能考虑让街道变得更智能化, 而不仅仅是让街道变大。*(2019浙江高考)The challenge is all the more serious when you consider the demanding exercise required to bike from France to Poland. 当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所
44、需要的更高强度运动时, 挑战就更加严峻了*He was considering what to do next. 他在考虑下一步怎么办。【词块积累】consider. . . (to be/as) 认为是; 把看作consider doing sth. 考虑做某事consider +how从句/wh-从句 考虑all things considered 考虑到所有情况, 综合考虑consider it adj. /n. +to do认为做某事单句语法填空。(1)To turn your weakness into strength, consider taking (take) hands-o
45、n learning or training. (2)She played quite well, all things considered (consider). (3)(2020全国卷)What did Levine take into consideration(consider) when designing her experiment? 2. crisis n. (pl. crises)危机, 危急关头*To tackle this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwe
46、st Agricultural College in Chongqing. 为了应对这一危机, 他选择了研究农业, 并受教于重庆的西南农业大学。*Oil shortages have brought on an energy crisis. 石油短缺已经造成了能源危机。*The business is still in crisis but it has survived the worst of times. 这家公司仍处于危机之中, 但它已经挺过了最坏的时期。【词块积累】solve a crisis 化解危机be at a crisis point 处于危急关头be in crisis 危
47、机中in times of crisis在危急时刻 (1)I think Paul and Lucinda are at a crisis point(处于危急时刻) in their marriage. (2)In times of crisis(在危急时刻) you can find out who your real friends are. (3)If this is not stopped, the financial crisis will deepen(财政危机将会加剧). (4)Natural disasters have obviously contributed to th
48、e economic crisis(经济危机). 3. realise/realize vt. 实现, 认识到, 意识到*Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution. 袁隆平意识到更大的种植面积不是解决问题的方法。*He realized that it was because there werent enough trees to protect them from the heat. 他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护他们免受高温的影响。*(2020天津高考)She realized she looke
49、d like a child, with her tiny figure. 她意识到自己身材瘦小, 长得像个孩子。【词块积累】realise ones dreams/goals/ambitions实现某人的梦想/目标/抱负realise +that/what从句意识到【知识延伸】Achievev. 实现realisation / realizationn. 实现(1)单句语法填空。There was a cheer when it was realised (realise) that everyone was safely back. As soon as we realised (real
50、ise) something was wrong, we moved the children away. (2)The situation was more complicated than they had at first realized. 形势比他们最初意识到的更为复杂。(3)People didnt realize how serious this epidemic has actually been. 人们没有意识到这次疫情事实上有多严重。4. characteristicn. 特征; 特点; 品质 adj. 典型的; 独特的*One characteristic of hybr
51、ids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. 杂交作物的一个特点是通常比常规作物获得更高的产量。*(2020全国卷)She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. 她想知道几个世纪的潜水经历能否导致他们身体特征的进化, 从而使得这项工作对他们来说更容易。*(2019北京高考)Warmi
52、ng changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients. 气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征, 并影响浮游植物的生长, 因为它们不仅需要阳光和二氧化碳的生长, 而且需要营养素。【词块积累】charactern. 品质, 性格; 特点, 特性 vt. 使具有特征Its characteristic of sb. that. . . 是某人
53、的特点(1)The need to communicate is a key characteristic of human society. 需要交流是人类社会最重要的一个特征。(2)The two groups of children have quite different characteristics. 这两组儿童具有截然不同的特点。(3)Personal characteristics, such as age and sex are taken into account. 个人的特征, 如年龄和性别等, 都要考虑进去。(4)Its characteristic/typical o
54、f her that she never complained. 从来不发牢骚是她的特性。5. conventional adj. 传统的, 习惯的*One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. 杂交作物的一个特征是通常比传统作物获得更高的产量。*It is simpler and quicker to use than conventional methods. 这比传统的做法更简单、更快捷。* Only five years after St
55、eve Jobs death, smart-phones defeated conventional PCs in sales. 仅仅在史蒂夫乔布斯去世5年后, 智能手机的销售量就打败了传统的个人电脑。【词块积累】convention n. 惯例, 习俗conventionally adv. 传统地单句语法填空。(1)We must reduce the danger of war by controlling nuclear, chemical and conventional (convention)arms. (2)He usually behaves rather convention
56、ally(conventional). 6. overcome (overcame, overcome)vt. 克服; 解决; 战胜*Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. 经过不懈的努力, 袁隆平克服巨大的技术困难, 于1974年研制出第一种可用于农业的杂交水稻。*(2020 天津高考) As is described in Paragraph 4,
57、 taking a small kid to a half-hour Story Time allows the kid to overcome reading difficulties. 如第4段所述, 带一个小孩参加半小时的故事时光可以帮助他克服阅读困难。【词块积累】overcome the enemy战胜敌人overcome the difficulties克服困难be overcome by curiosity受好奇心驱使(1)单句语法填空。The learner of a second language has many obstacles to overcome (overcome
58、). Relying on our own efforts, we have overcome(overcome) all the difficulties so far. (2)Molly had fought and overcome her fear of flying. 莫莉已经努力克服了对飞行的恐惧。(3)We can overcome any difficulty, however great. 不管多大困难, 我们都能克服。7. despite prep. 不管, 尽管, 任凭*Despite his advanced years, Yuan Longping is still
59、young at heart and full of vision, and everyone is waiting to see what he will dream up next. 尽管年事已高, 但袁隆平内心依然年轻, 充满憧憬, 大家都在等着看他接下来会梦想什么。*(2019江苏高考)Despite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two leg
60、s. 尽管他们有许多不同之处, 但所有人都有一些明确的特征, 比如大的脑袋和用两条腿直立行走的能力。*(2018江苏高考)Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is reluctant to invest in sufficient training for his staff. 尽管酒店的服务很差, 经理还是不愿意投资为他的员工进行足够的培训。(1)It is unbelievable that Mr Lucas leads a simple life despite his great wealth. 令人难以置信的是, 卢卡
61、斯先生尽管拥有巨大的财富, 但仍然过着简朴的生活。(2)Joe is a good basketball player despite being short and fat. 尽管又矮又胖, 乔依然是个优秀的篮球运动员。(3)Despite the traffic jam he arrived here on time. 尽管交通堵塞, 他依然准时到达这里。(4)Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work. 尽管他申请了数百个工作, 但仍然在失业中。拓视野观天下1. British National Healt
62、h Service has been facing shortages of clothing and equipment to keep its staff safe. 英国卫生部缺乏让工作人员安全的防护服和设备。2. As the world faces this unprecedented global health crisis, it is clear that no one company can go it alone. 在世界面临这一前所未有的全球性卫生危机之际, 显然没有任何一家企业能够单打独斗。3. China aims to raise its global compet
63、itiveness in the railway sector by expanding its networks with wider coverage and higher speeds, according to the countrys top railway operator. 中国国家铁路集团称, 我国计划建成覆盖更广、速度更快的铁路网, 从而提高在铁路领域的全球竞争力。4. Party committees and governments at all levels should take responsibility and devote themselves to their duties, as well as establish and improve the investigation and assessment system for major natural disasters and accidents, President Xi noted. 习主席强调, 各级党委和政府要切实担负起责任, 忠于职业。要建立健全重大自然灾害和事故调查评估制度。关闭Word文档返回原板块