1、1.ing 分词的构成主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeing done完成式having done having been done否定式:not+-ing/not having(been)done不是 having not(been)done2.一般式和完成式的用法-ing 分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的一个动作；完成式表示先于谓语动词动作之前的一个动作。如：Walking along the street,he caught sightof an old friend of his.Not having studied his lessons very hard,he
2、 failed the examinations.3.-ing分词的被动式当ing 分词与它的逻辑主语构成被动关系时，需要用被动形式。根据ing分词动作发生的时间，ing分词的被动式分为一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done),如：The question being discussed is very important.Having been praised by the teacher,he works even harder.4.-ing分词的句法功能1)-ing 分词作主语Learning English has become a part
3、of his life.It is no use trying to repair the ship.Theseholes are much too big.2)-ing分词作宾语以下动词必须跟-ing分词作宾语：admit/appreciate/avoid/consider/delay/deny/dislike/enjoy/escape/excuse/fancy/finish/imagine/keep/mind/miss/postpone/put off/practise/resist/risk/stand/stop/suggest/give up/cannot help(禁不住）要点讲解避
4、免 错过 少延期 avoid miss put off/postpone建议 完成 多练习 suggest finish practise喜欢 想像 禁不住 enjoy imagine cant help承认 否定 与嫉妒 admit deny envy逃避 冒险 莫原谅 escape risk excuse忍受 保持 不介意 stand keep mindMake them easier for you to remember!英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类动词是：advise,delay,appreciate,consider,be worth,feel like etc.t
5、o do sth.doing sth.forgetrememberregretmeango onstop try忘记去做某事忘记已经做过某事记住去做某事记住曾做过某事遗憾去做某事后悔做过某事打算/想做某事意味着做某事（做完某事）接着去做另一件事继续做同一件事努力去做某事试着做某事停下来去做另一件事停止做一件事3）-ing 分词作表语。如：Our job is playing all kinds of music.The music they are playing sounds so exciting.注：一般来讲，-ing分词作表语有两种情况，一是名词性，这时主语和表语可以互换。即：Play
6、ing all kinds of music is our job.二是形容词性，表示主语的性质和特征，主表不可互换。The story is interesting.4）-ing分词作定语可以表示(1)所修饰名词的用途。如：a waiting room(=a room for waiting)候车室a walking stick(=a stick for walking)手杖a sleeping car(=a car for sleeping)卧车（2）所修饰词的性质特征。如：exciting news 令人激动的消息a moving story 一个令人感动的故事注：分词短语作定语须放在所
7、修饰词之后，例如：the man standing at the gate=the man whois standing at the gate另外，-ing分词的完成式不能作定语。例如不可以说：The man having written manybooks is a former student of our school.应改为The man who has written many books is(3)所修饰名词正在进行的动作，可以换成定语从句形式。如：a sleeping child(=a child who is sleeping)正睡觉的孩子a walking man(=a m
8、an who is walking)正散步的男人5)在see,hear,feel,watch,notice等感官动词后可以用-ing形式做宾语补足语。这时-ing 形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，并且-ing 形式表示宾语正在进行的动作。如：He saw a boy climbing the tree.Do you hear someone knocking at the door?有人敲门你听见了吗?Compare:Did you notice a man enter the room just now?你注意到有个人刚才进了屋子吗？6)-ing分词作状语(1)-ing分词在句中
9、可以作伴随状语，常放于句后，表示主语正在进行的另一个动作，来对谓语表示的主要动作加以修饰或作主要陪衬。如：They sat in front of the building,laughing andchatting.He worked late yesterday,preparing for thelecture.(2)-ing分词可以作时间状语，常放在句首，如：(When)Walking in the street,I caught sight ofa tailors shop.(3)-ing分词可以作原因状语，常放句首。如：Being ill,he cant go to school.No
10、t knowing her address,we couldnt get intouch with her.Having lived in the city for many years,heknows it very well.(After)Finishing my work,I went out.Having told us a funny story,the teacher went onto explain the text to us(4)-ing分词可以作条件状语，常放句首。Turning to the right,youll find the post office there.
11、(5)-ing分词可以作结果状语，常放句末。He turned off the light,seeing nothing.5.-ing分词的复合结构物主代词/人称代词/名词所属格或普通名词+ing分词(1)作主语（须用物主代词或名词所属格）His/Toms not being chosen made us disappointed.(2)作宾语(除了物主代词和名词所有格，也可用普通名词或代词宾格）He was awakened by someones knockingat the door.They have never forgiven us going there.We dont mind
12、 him explaining it again.My friend cant understand your treating himlike that.Walking across the street,a car knockedhim down.应改为：Walking across the street,he was knocked down by a car.He walking across the street,a car knocked him down.1._ more attention,the tree could have grown betterA.Given B.To
13、 give C.Giving D.Having given2._ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving notC.Not having received D.Having not received3.The secretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the president.A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D was preparingBAC4.Shes upstairs _ letters.A.
14、writes B.is writing C.write D writing5.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.addedD C6.“Cant you read?”Mary said _ to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and pointed angrilyC.angrily pointed D.and angrily po
15、inting8.The computer center,_ last year,is very popular among the students in this school.A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened9.The first textbooks_ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having written B.to be writtenC.being written D.writtenADD11.Do you know
16、 the boy _ under the big tree?A.lay B.lain C.laying D.lying12.There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light.A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed 13.-Good morning,can I help you?-Id like to have this package_,madam.A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed14.The s
17、peaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _.A.hear B.to hear C.hearing D.heardDDDB15.The missing boys were last seen _ near the river.A.playing B.to be playing C.play D.to play16.The salesman scolded the girl caught _ and let her off.A.to have stolen B.to be stealingC.to steal D.stealin
18、g17.The murderer was brought in,with his hands _behind his back.A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied19.She set out soon after dark _ home an hour later.A.arriving B.to arrive C.having arrived D.and arrivedADDD20.John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment.A.to wash B.washing C.was
19、h D.to be washing21.Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay22.Mr.Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking.A.never to drive B.to never driveC.never driving D.ever driveCAA25.European football is played in 80 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the
20、world.A.making B.makes C.made D.to make26.She pretended _ me when I passed by.A.not to see B.not seeingC.to not see D.having not seen27.Rather than _ on a crowded bus,he always prefers _ a bicycle.A.ride,ride B.riding ,rideC.ride,to ride D.to ride,riding AAC 28.Little Jim should love _ to the theatr
21、e this morning.A.to be taken B.to takeC.being taken D.taking29.I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone31.Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job.A.so not as to B.so as not toC.so as to not D.not so
22、as toABB33.-The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I forgot _.A.turning it off B.turn it offC.to turn it off D.having turned it off34.I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A.sail B.to sailC.sailing D.to have sailedCC35.I would appreciate _ back this afternoon.A.you to
23、call B.you callC.your calling D.youre calling37._ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A.The walk B.Walking C.To walk D.Walk38.-I must apologize for _ ahead of time.-Thats all right.A.letting you not know B.not letting you knowC.letting you know not D.letting not you knowCBB42.You were
24、brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well,now I regret _ that.A.to do B.to be doingC.done D.having done43.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not toDA44.The patient was warned _ oily food after theoperation.A.to
25、 eat not B.eating notC.not to eat D.not eating45._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.Losing B.Having lost C.Lost D.To lost46.Robert is said _ abroad,but I dont know what country he studied.A.to have studied B.to studyC.to be studying D.to have been studyingCCA48.When I got back
26、 home I saw a message pinned to the door_“Sorry to miss you;will call later.A.read B.reads C.to read D.reading49.The sentence wants_ once more.A.explained B.explainingC.being explained D.to explain50.Clumbus was considered _ the great land of America.A.having discovered B.discoveringC.to have discov
27、ered D.to discoverDBC51._ from so many apple,I think,these onthe table are much better than the others.A.Having chosen B.Chosen C.Being chosen D.Choose52.Her skirt has become loose.She seems _ weight.A.to lose B.that she has lost C.to have lost D.to be losing53.The highway _ to the city is under rep
28、airnow.A.leads B.led C.to lead D.leadingBCD54.Did _ on time make the teacher angry?A.she not come B.she not to come C.not her coming D.her not coming55.In the Caribbean,the slaves _ from Africa developed their own kind of music.A.brought B.bringing C.to be brought D.that was brought56.You can never
29、imagine the great trouble I havehad _ the patient who received a serious wound.A.to treat B.treated C.treat D.treating57._ to be no time for going to the cinema.A.It seems B.It is seeming C.There seems D.It isDADC58._ to the top of the hill,and you can see thewhole of the town.A.Get B.To get C.Getti
30、ng D.Having got59.While shopping,people sometimes cant help _into buying something they dont really need.A.to persuade B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded60.-Your shirt wants _,Mary.-Yes,it does.Im going to have it _ this afternoon.A.to wash,washing B.to wash,washed C.washing;washed D.washing,washACC