人教版必修 2 Unit 1 Grammar, The attributive clause 2 定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法（讲义）.docx

1、高中英语定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法1. 全面掌握介词+ 关系代词引导的定语从句。2. 灵活运用介词+ 关系代词，在定语从句中选择准确的介词+关系代词。重点：关系代词前介词的确定。难点：复合介词短语+关系代词的用法。1. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句经常出现在高考的单项选择、语法填空和完形填空中。2. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句是高考的常考点。介词+关系代词引导的定语从句However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William I, to whom the ambre room belonged, decide not to keep it.

2、 然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，关系代词常用which (指物)，whom (指人)，即介词+ which/ whom。1. 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词which或whom不能省略。介词后移，关系代词which或whom可省略。2. 复合介词短语+关系代词which引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号隔开，定语从句常用倒装语序。 3. “名词/代词/数词+介词of+关系代词”后引导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句，该结构在定语从句中一般作主语。He paid the boy $ 10 for w

3、ashing ten windows, most of which hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.他付给这个男孩10美元擦洗10扇窗户，这10扇窗户中大部分至少一年没擦了。In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn.在黑暗的街道上，她没有一个人可以求助。This is the hero that/ who/ whom we are proud of. 这是我们引以为豪的那个英雄。He lived in a big house, in front of

4、 which stood a big tree.他住在一所大房子里，房子前面有一棵大树。This is the newly-built house, the windows of which(=whose windows) face the south. 这就是那座新建的房子，它的窗户朝南。John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members.A. them B. that C. which D. whom答案：D 思路分析：先行词是40 people，40人中大多数是家庭成员，所以用most of

5、whom，即D正确。4. 关系代词前介词的确定： 依据定语从句中动词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。 依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定。 依据所表达的意思来确定。I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.我买了很多书，这些书花了我积攒的所有的钱。Ill never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.我永远不会忘记孩童时期我在乡村度过的时光。The colorless gas without which w

6、e cant live is called oxygen.这种无色的气体称为氧气，离了它我们不能存活。 In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses. A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _ had taken more than three years.A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which答案：

7、C C 思路分析：先行词为46 students，46名学生中的一半戴眼镜，所以用of whom，即C正确。句意：她带领游客们参观了这个博物馆，建设这个博物馆花了3年多时间。先行词为museum，the construction是museum的，所属关系，用whose或者 the + 名词+ of which，所以C正确。1. We have gathered nearly 100,000 quilts, _ up to half have gone to the flood-hit areas.A. of which B. in which C. with which D. for whic

8、h2. Living in the eastern part of the city has its problems, _ shopping is not the least.A. with which B. of which C. for which D. which3. Some passers-by witnessed the car accident _ five passengers were killed, a baby included.A. in whichB. which C. thatD. in that4. The factory was built in a secr

9、et place, around _ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were5. The project is based on an agreement, one of _ purposes is to ensure that the project can be accomplished before the deadline. A. whose B. which C. its D. what答案：1-5 ABACA思路分析：1. 我们已经收集了将近100 000套被子，多达一半(的被子)已经运往洪

10、灾地区。先行词为100 000 quilts，指物，并用在非限制性定语从句中，表所属，应用of which。2. 先行词为problems，在非限制性定语从句中表所属，应用of which。句意：住在城市东部有它的问题，购物是其中最大的问题。3. 句意：一些路人目击了这场车祸，五个乘客死亡，包括一个婴儿。先行词为the car accident，从句可还原为five passengers were killed in the car accident，先行词在从句中作介词in 的宾语，故用in which。4. 句意：工厂建在一个秘密的地方，周围环绕着高山。先行词是the factory，从句可还原为around the factory were high mountains，故是一个由“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句。在该从句中，主语是high mountains，所以句子谓语应用复数were。5. 句意：这项工程是有协议根据的，协议的一个目的就是确保工程按时完工。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词agreement，在从句中作定语修饰purposes，由此可知答案是whose。