1、Unit 5 Music基础自主检测阅读识记.英译汉1.instrument n. 工具；器械；乐器2.pub n. 酒馆；酒吧3.addition n. 加；增加；加法4.dip vt. 浸；蘸5.afterwards adv. 然后；后来6.beard n. 胡须.汉译英1.classical adj. 古典的；古典文艺的2.passerby n. 过路人；行人3.cash n. 现金4.studio n. 工作室；演播室5.millionaire n. 百万富翁；富豪6.actor n. 男演员；行动者高频应用1.roll vt.& vi. 滚动；(使)摇摆n. 摇晃；卷；卷形物；面包圈
2、2.folk adj. 民间的3.pretend vt. 假装；假扮4.attach vt.& vi. 系上；缚上；附加；连接5.form vt. (使)组成；形成；构成6.earn vt. 赚；挣得；获得7.extra adj. 额外的；外加的8.broadcast n& vi.& vt. 广播；播放9.familiar adj. 熟悉的；常见的；亲近的10.sensitive adj. 敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的拓展变形1.musician (n.) 音乐家musical (adj.) 音乐的music (n.) 音乐2.perform (vt.& vi.) 表演；履行；执行perform
3、ance (n.) 表演，演奏performer (n.) 表演者3.rely (vi.) 依赖；依靠reliable (adj.) 可靠的；可信赖的4.humorous (adj.) 幽默的；诙谐的humor (n.) 幽默5.attractive (adj.) 吸引人的；有吸引力的attract (vt.) 吸引；引起attraction (n.) 吸引；吸引力；吸引人的事物6.confident (adj.) 自信的；确信的confidence (n.) 自信；信任7.brief (adj.) 简短的；简要的 (n.) 摘要；大纲briefly (adv.) 简要地；短暂地8.devot
4、ion (n.) 投入；热爱devote (vt.) 奉献；致力于devoted (adj.) 献身的；忠诚的9.invitation (n.) 邀请；招待invite (v.) 邀请10.painful (adj.) 痛苦的；疼痛的pain (n.) 疼痛1.后缀ian表示“从事职业的人”musician 音乐家physician 内科医生electrician 电工comedian 喜剧演员magician 魔术师technician 技术员politician 政治家2.与“音乐”有关的高频单词perform vt.& vi. 演出；表演performance n. 演出；表演class
5、ical adj. 古典的compose vt.& vi. 作(曲)composer n. 创作者conduct vt. 指挥album n. 专辑3.合成名词一览passerby 过路人；行人steamboat 汽船armchair 扶手椅sandstorm 沙尘暴teamwork 协作airport 飞机场daybreak 黎明sunlight 太阳光classroom 教室blackboard 黑板一 动词介/副词1dream of 梦见；梦想；设想2attach . to 认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接3rely on 依赖；依靠4break up 打碎；分裂；解体5sort ou
6、t 分类二 介词名词6in cash 用现金；有现钱7in addition 另外；也三 其他8to be honest 说实在地；老实说9play jokes on 戏弄10be/get familiar with 熟悉；与熟悉起来11or so 大约12above all 最重要；首先1“动词of”必备短语一览dream of 梦见；梦想；设想think of 想到consist of 由组成 approve of 赞成die of 死于 talk/speak of 谈到hear of 听说 complain of 抱怨become of 发生；结果是2to短语作插入语to be hone
7、st 老实说；说实话to be frank 坦白地说to begin with 首先to tell you the truth 告诉你实话吧；说实在的3“v.up”短语全接触break up 分裂；打碎build up 逐渐增强；建立hang up 挂起来；挂断电话pick up 偶然习得；捡起；(车)接某人；接收节目bring up 抚养；教育make up 虚构；弥补；组成show up 出现；露面take up 拿起；占据；从事；继续1“代词ofwhich”构成的定语从句The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as p
8、lay music, most of which (其中大多数) was based loosely on the Beatles.(教材P34)2adj.enough to do sth. “足够以至于”Anyhow their performances were humorous enough to be copied (非常幽默以至于被模仿) by other groups.(教材P34)3过去分词短语作定语Each week on TV, the Monkees would play and sing songs written by other musicians (由别的音乐家创作
9、的)(教材P34)4not . without . 双重否定句式Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed (无论走到哪儿都有人跟踪)(教材P38)5as if引导方式状语从句Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends (就像他们是密友)(教材P38)单句语法填空1They may start as a group
10、 of highschool students, whom practising their music in someones house is the first step to fame.答案：for2Sometimes they may play to (passerby) in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves.答案：passersby3They put an advertisement in a newspaper (look) for rock musicians.
11、答案：looking4As some of these actors could not sing (good) enough, they had to rely other musicians to help them.答案：well; on5They were so popular their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar them.答案：that; with6There have been many popular bands in the world, which the most famous was the Beat
12、les.答案：of7Fans showed their devotion waiting for hours to get tickets for their concerts.答案：by8His most exciting (invite) was to perform on a TV programme (call) “Top of the Pops”答案：invitation; called9Freddy and his band realized that they must leave the country it became too painful for them.答案：bef
13、ore10So they left Britain, which they were never to return, and went back to the lake.答案：to考点步步冲关1 pretendvt.假装；假扮Do you sing karaoke and pretend you are a famous singer like Song Zuying or Liu Huan？(P34)你唱卡拉OK时是否假装自己就是像宋祖英或刘欢一样著名的歌星呢？pretend 即时练1单句语法填空He would ask who we were and pretend not (know)
14、 us.He pretended (read) an important document when the boss came in.Jack pretended (know) everything about it and said nothing.答案：to knowto be readingto have known一句多译我在街上见到她时，她装作不认识我。 when we met in the street. when we met in the street.答案：She pretended that she didnt know meShe pretended not to kn
15、ow me2 attachvt.& vi. 附加；缚上；系上；贴上；使依恋；连接To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.(P34)说实在的，许多人把名和利看得很重。(1)attach . to . 把固定/附在上attach great importance/significance to sth. 认为有重要性/意义(2)attached adj. 依恋的be attached to 附属于；依恋即时练2单句语法填空The hospital (attach) to th
16、e medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood.On her tenth birthday she received a box of chocolates with a card attached it, saying “Happy birthday！”答案：attachedto单句写作词汇升级我们很多青少年认为手机要比朋友重要得多。a普通表达：Many of us teenagers think our cell phones than our friends.b高级表达：Many of us teenagers than to ou
17、r friends.答案：a.are much more importantbattach much more importance to our cell phones3 familiaradj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.(P34)他们非常走红使得歌迷们为了更加熟悉他们而成立了俱乐部。(1)be familiar with熟悉；通晓其主语通常是指人的名词或代词，with的宾语是主语通晓的事物(2)be familiar
18、 to为所熟悉其主语通常是人们所通晓的事物，to的宾语通常是指人的名词或代词(3)unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的(4)familiarity n. 熟悉；亲密；精通即时练3单句语法填空After the foreign guests got familiar the Chinese traditional festivals, they preferred to live in China.The voice on the phone sounded familiar me.Home to me means a sense of (familiar) and nostalgia.答案
19、：withtofamiliarity4 performvt.& vi.表演；演出；履行(约定、诺言、命令等)His most exciting invitation was to perform on a TV programme called “Top of the Pops.”(P38)最令他感到激动的是受邀参加叫做“顶级流行歌手”的电视节目中的那场表演。(1)perform a(n) . role in 在中起作用(2)perform ones duty/promise 尽责任/履行诺言perform an experiment 进行试验perform an operation/a pl
20、ay进行手术/演一出戏perform well/badly 表现得好/坏(3)performance n. 执行；表演；演奏；表现put on/give a performance 表演；演出a live performance一次现场演出(4)performer n. 演奏者；表演者即时练4单句语法填空Your (perform) as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.It is reported that the singer and dancer put o
21、n a wonderful (perform) last weekend.The famous doctor is going to set out (perform) the operation, so please keep calm.答案：performanceperformanceto perform单句写作句式升级他们表演得如此精彩以至于观众爆发出一阵阵欢呼声。a普通表达： that those who were watching burst into cheers. (状语从句)b高级表达：So well that those who were watching burst int
22、o cheers. (倒装句)答案：a.They performed so wellbdid they perform1rely on 依靠；依赖；指望教材原句As some of these actors could not sing well enough, they had to rely on other musicians to help them.(P34)因为这些演员中有些人唱得不是很好，他们不得不依靠队里的其他人帮助。(1)rely on sb. to do sth.依靠/指望某人做某事rely on (doing) sth.依赖/信任/指望(做)某事rely on it th
23、at . 相信；指望(2)reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的即时练1单句语法填空Many people now would rely on (surf) the Internet rather than read newspapers for news.I know I can rely on you (sort) it out.Were looking for someone who is (rely) and hardworking.答案：surfingto sortreliable单句改错You may rely on that she wont be late. 答案：on后
24、加it2break up 打碎；分裂；解体；驱散；结束(关系等)；放假教材原句The band broke up about 1970, but happily they reunited in the mid1980s.(P34)乐队大约在1970年解散，但令人高兴的是，到80年代中期他们再次聚首。break down 出故障；坏掉；失败；垮掉；垮下来；分解break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)break into 强行闯入；突然起来break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；突然发生break away from 脱离；挣脱break through 突围；突破；冲垮；克服break o
25、ff 中断；(使)折断即时练2写出下列句中break up的含义What will happen to the children if Jim and Mary break up？ The meeting didnt break up until deep at night. The police came running and broke up the crowd. When does the school break up for the summer holidays？ 答案：分手结束驱散放假用break相关短语的适当形式填空Norton Sound was covered with
26、ice, which could sometimes without warning.Someone and took several computers.The biggest flood in recent years in July in Wuhan.She a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.答案：break upbroke inbroke outbroke off3above all 最重要的是；首先教材原句 Above all, just have fun！(P40)最重要的是，一定要开心！after all 毕竟；终究all in all
27、 整体说来；总而言之in all 总共；合计at all (否定句)一点也(不)；(疑问句)到底；究竟first of all 首先名师点津above all重在强调所列举内容在所有事物中的位置最为重要。 first of all, first及firstly侧重于强调列举事物的顺序，用于举例时表示“首先；第一”。即时练3用all相关短语的适当形式填空To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, ， honest. ， every road leads to Rome, and I do believe hard work pays off.Y
28、ou shouldnt have blamed him . He is only a little child . ， you can talk about American customs and festivals because Chinese students are interested in them.答案：above allAll in allat all; after allFirst of all1The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was ba
29、sed loosely on the Beatles.(P34)翻译组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。most of which是“名词/代词介词关系代词”结构引导定语从句。此类结构常见的有：(1)some/several/a few/a little/many/more/most/each . of which/whom(2)then.whosen.名师点津在以上结构中，注意使用关系代词与代词时的差异性。使用代词时，两句中间有连词；如两句中没有连词，且又指代前文中的名词，则用关系代词。Tom has written two novels, b
30、oth of which have been made into movies.Tom has written two novels, and both of them have been made into movies.汤姆写了两部小说，它们都被拍成电影了。即时练1单句写作我有许多外语书，其中大多数是世界名著。I have many foreign language books, are worldfamous works.英语是一门由几种不同的文化所共用的语言，每一种文化对它的使用也不同。English is a language shared by several diverse cu
31、ltures, uses it differently.答案：most of whicheach of which一句多译桌上那些封皮闪闪发亮的书是我们的奖品。The books on the desk, are shiny, are prizes for us.The books on the desk, are shiny, are prizes for us.答案：whose coversthe covers of which2Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.(P38)翻译弗雷迪和他
32、的乐队无论走到哪儿都有人跟踪。not . without . 没有就不能，双重否定表肯定。常见否定结构表示肯定意义的还有：cannot . too ./cannot . enough 越越；无论怎样也不为过cannot/can hardly wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事cannot help doing sth. 禁不住/忍不住做某事即时练2单句语法填空I could have never made so much progress your help.You cant be careful while driving a car.答案：withouttoo单句写作动动脑筋
33、你就会发现世上无难事。Use your head and you will find in the world.我迫不及待地想听到这个消息。I the news.答案：nothing is impossiblecannot/can hardly wait to hear“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句基本构成“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中，常用的介词有in, for, to, with, of等，关系代词则使用which(指物)或whom(指人)，而不能用that。关系代词前的介词选用的原则“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中，介词的选用主要遵循以下三个原则。1一先：根据先行词与介词的搭配关系选择
34、介词。In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing.我的房子前面有一棵树，上面有鸟儿正在唱歌。(in the tree在树上)2二谓：根据定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择介词。In the dark street, there wasnt a single person, to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的街道，她没有一个可以求助的人。(turn to sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助)3三意义：根据句子的意思来选择介词。This is my p
35、air of glasses, without which I cannot see clearly.这是我的眼镜，没有它我什么也看不清。重点提示有些“动词介词”构成的固定短语，如look for, look after, call on等， 用在定语从句中作谓语动词时不可拆开，也就是说其中的介词不能置于关系代词之前。The old man whom Im looking after is better.我正在照顾的那个老人好些了。关系副词与“介词关系代词”的互换引导定语从句的关系副词常可以和“介词关系代词(which)”互换。I often think of the moment, when
36、/at which I saw the UFO.我常常想起我看见不明飞行物的那一刻。The police searched the house where/in which the thief had stayed.警察搜查了小偷待过的那个房子。I dont know the reason why/for which the house is so dirty.我不知道这栋房子为什么这么脏。即时练.单句语法填空1Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill which school education depends.答案：on/upo
37、n2He wrote a letter, which he explained what had happened in the accident.答案：in3The factory which his father works is far away from my hometown.答案：in4The gentleman whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.答案：about5The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes
38、 for a better life in the city.答案：whom.单句改错1I have two friends in the city, both of them are teachers in a senior school. 答案：themwhom或both前加and2He spent four years in college, during whose time he studied medicine. 答案：whosewhich3The English play which my students acted at the New Years party was a g
39、reat success. 答案：which前加in或whichwhere4The reason for which he said made him upset is that he lost his cell phone. 答案：去掉for5The guitar with it George gave many performances was lost while he was touring. 答案：itwhich基础达标演练.单句语法填空1Professor Li turned down the (invite) to deliver a speech at the science
40、conference.答案：invitation2The dogs (devote) to his master had been not only wholehearted but cautious and wise.答案：devotion3We need to make a type of car which is (attract) to a wider range of people.答案：attractive4It is high time that we (attach) great importance to energy saving and environmental pro
41、tection.答案：should attach/attached5Applying for jobs can be a long and (pain) process.答案：painful6He was (confidence) that he would be admitted to the famous university.答案：confident7She is looking at me as if she (know) me, but Ive never seen her before in my life.答案：knew8 (form) good bedtime habits w
42、ill surely do you more good than taking sleeping pills.答案：Forming9The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, most of are sold abroad.答案：which10The experiment (perform) in the 1990s showed that many plants tolerate a wide range of light conditions.答案：performed.单句改错1We must work ha
43、rd and above of all, we must believe that each one of us is able to succeed. 答案：去掉第一个of2By listening to the conversation between native speakers, we have become more familiar to the real life abroad than before. 答案：第二个towith3He is really considering devoting himself to educate these children of the
44、poor mountain village. 答案：educateeducating4He wrote a lot of novels, but none of which was translated into a foreign language. 答案：去掉but或whichthem5More and more people attach importance to reduce greenhouse gas emission. 答案：reducereducing.教材微写作A根据提示完成句子1他梦想成为一名歌手。(dream of) 答案：He dreamed of becoming
45、a singer.2他依靠信心和毅力练习唱歌三十年。(rely on; confidence) 答案：He relied on his confidence and persistence to practise singing for 30 years.3这种做法为他赢得了成功。(earn) 答案：It has earned him success.4现在，每个人都熟悉他的声音。(be familiar to) 答案：Now his voice is familiar to everyone.5他十分看重人们给予他的帮助。(attach great importance to) 答案：He
46、attaches great importance to the help people have offered to him.6另外，他也乐于帮助他人。(in addition) 答案：In addition, he is ready to help others.7他曾许诺他和歌迷的联系永远不会结束。(break up) 答案：He has promised that the relationship between him and his fans will never break up.B将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范答案：He dreamed of becoming
47、 a singer, and he relied on his confidence and persistence to practise singing for 30 years, which has earned him success. Now his voice is familiar to everyone. He attaches great importance to the help people have offered to him. In addition, he is ready to help others. He has promised that the relationship between him and his fans will never break up.