1、山西省洪洞新英学校2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期中试题注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷（选择题）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题
2、中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How does the woman want her meat cooked? A. Rare.B. Medium-rare.C. Well done.2. Which place will the man go to this weekend? A. A concert hall.B. A stadium.C. A gallery.3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Polite gree
3、tings. B. Table manners. C. Body language.4. What are the speakers doing? A. Taking a picture. B. Having a haircut. C. Looking at a photo.5. What will the man do after he gets home?A. Drive to a furniture store.B. Buy the woman a new table.C. Borrow a truck from the woman.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听
4、下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 岀最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给岀5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the woman think of electronic music? A. It is clever.B. It is loud.C. It is modern.7. How old was the woman when attending a classical concert? A. 16. B. 17.C. 18.听第
5、7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Why does the man turn to the woman? A. He has to work late.B. He has to get groceries.C. He has a package to come.9. What is the man getting? A. A box of fruit. B. Some alcohol. C. Some sports equipment.10. What do we know about the speakers kids? A. They are under the age of 21.B.
6、Theyll return home by 3:00 p.m.C. Theyll practice soccer at 5:00 p.m.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates.12. What does the woman want to become? A. A security guard.B. A computer security expert.C.
7、 A computer science teacher.13. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Do well in math. B. Major in math.C. See math as a career.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. Where does the conversation take place? A. At school. B. At the zoo. C. At an amusement park. 15. Why is Lisa surprised? A. John was busy. B. John
8、 arrived late. C. John changed his mind. 16. Why did John lie to Lisa? A. He wanted to come alone.B. He was afraid of roller coasters.C. He wanted to give her a surprise.17. What does John say about Lisa?A.Considerate. B.Brave. C.Reliable.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. Why did the speaker buy a new umbrella?
9、 A. His old one was damaged.B. He really loved that one.C. He failed to bring one.19. What is the main advantage of the hotels location? A. It is beside the Eiffel Tower. B. It is very close to a bakery.C. It is within walking distance to Louvre.20. Why did the speaker go to Paris? A. To see some ar
10、tworks. B. To eat some French food. C. To meet some good friends.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AYou may need to give first aid. First aid is defined as the emergency care given to a sick or injured person. The goals of first aid are to preven
11、t death and to prevent injuries from becoming worse.Each emergency condition is different. However, the following rules apply to any kind of emergency. Be aware of your limitations. Do not try to do more than you are able to. Nor should you do things if you are unfamiliar with them. Do what you can
12、under the conditions at the time. Stay calm. Acting calmly will help the victim feel safe. Take a quick look to see if the victim is bleeding, and if there is a pulse. Keep the victim lying down and do not move him or her. You could make an injury worse if you move the victim. Take necessary emergen
13、cy steps. Call for help or ask someone to make the EMS system(急救系统) start. Do not remove clothing unless you have to. If clothing must be removed, tear the clothes along the seams(线缝). Keep the victim warm. Cover the victim with a blanket. Coats and sweaters can be used if a blanket cannot be found.
14、 Reassure the victim. Explain what is happening and that help has been called. Do not give the victim any food or fruits. Keep the bystanders away from the victim. Bystanders want to have a look, offer advice, and say something about the victims condition. The victim may believe that the condition i
15、s worse than it really is.21. When a person is badly injured on the road, you should .A. act worriedly and hurriedlyB. do whatever you want to freelyC. not move him or herD. make the injured person stand up22. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. You should help an i
16、njured person in any condition.B. Dont remove the clothing of the injured person whatever happens.C. It is necessary to cover the victim with a blanket.D. If the injured person feels hungry, you should give him or her some food.23. Why should bystanders be kept away from the victim?A. Because bystan
17、ders can prevent the victim from receiving first aid.B. Because what they say can make the victim think the condition is very bad.C. Because the victim doesnt want to accept the advice of bystanders.D. Because the victim hates being surrounded by bystanders.BI was attending a party one night given i
18、n Sir Rosss honor. During the dinner, the man sitting next to me told a humorous story and spoke of the quotation: “Theres a divinity(神) that shapes our ends. Rough-hew them how we will.”The storyteller mentioned that the quotation was from the Bible. He was wrong. I knew that; I knew it positively.
19、 There couldnt be the slightest doubt about it. And so, to get a feeling of importance and show my high quality, I chose myself as an unwelcome person to correct him. He stuck to his guns. “What? From Shakespeare? Impossible! Absurd ! That quotation was from the Bible. ”The storyteller was sitting a
20、t my right hand, and Frank Gammond, an old friend of mine, was seated at my left hand. Mr. Gammond had devoted years to the study of Shakespeare, so the storyteller and I agreed to leave the question to Mr. Gammond. Mr. Gammond listened, kicked me under the table, and then said, “Dale, you are wrong
21、. The gentleman is right. It is from the Bible.”On our way home that night, I said to Mr. Gammond, “Frank, you knew that quotation was from Shakespeare.”“Yes, of course,” he replied. “Hamlet, Act V, Scene 2. But we were guests on a festive occasion, my dear Dale. Why prove to a man he is wrong? Is t
22、hat going to make him like you? Why not let him save his face? He didnt ask for your opinion. He didnt want it. Why argue with him?” The man who said that taught me a lesson I would never forget. I not only had made the storyteller uncomfortable, but had put my friend in an embarrassing situation. H
23、ow much better it would have been if I hadnt become argumentative. Nine times out of ten, an argument ends with each of the contestants(竞争者) more firmly convinced than ever that he is absolutely right. You cant win an argument. You cant because if you lose it, you lose it; and if you win it, you los
24、e it.24. At the party, the author tried to get a feeling of importance by _ .A. telling a humorous storyB. showing off his rich knowledgeC. teaching the storyteller a lessonD. correcting the storytellers mistake25. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 means that _ .A. he realized he was wrongB. he
25、 didnt change his mindC. he felt sorry for what he saidD. he wanted to fight with the author26. What do we learn about Frank Gammond?A. He was very humorous.B. He was very thoughtful.C. He knew much about the Bible.D. He didnt know much about Shakespeare.27. What does the author learn from his frien
26、d Gammond?A. Having an open mind.B. Respecting others opinion.C. Never getting into an argument.D. Avoiding making mistakes in public.CAsk someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course.
27、 However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not bring so much material home in the first place.The total amount of packaging incre
28、ased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical households waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of it for carr
29、ying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many superma
30、rkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging w
31、ith quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realiz
32、e just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.28. What does the underlined word “over-consumption” refer to?A. Using too much packaging.B. Recycling too much waste.C. Making more products than necessa
33、ry.D. Having more material than is needed.29. The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show .A. the tendency of cutting household wasteB. the increase of packaging recyclingC. the rapid growth of supermarketsD. the fact of packaging overuse30. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?A. Unpackaged pro
34、ducts are of bad quality.B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging.D. Other products are better packaged than food.31. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult.B. Needless material is mostly recycled.C. People lik
35、e collecting recyclable waste.D. The author is proud of his consumer culture.DIts 8 a. m., Tuesday, Nov. 18, 2028, and you are heading for a business appointment 300 miles away. You step into your circle, a two-passenger air-cushion car, press a series of buttons and the national traffic computer no
36、tes your destination, figures out the current traffic situation and signals your car to slide out of the garage. Hands free, you sit back and begin to read the morning paper which is mashed on a flat TV screen over the cars dashboard. Tapping a button changes the page.The car speeds up to 150 mph in
37、 the citys countryside, and then hits 250 mph in less built-up areas, driving over the smooth plastic road. You fly past a string of cities, many of them covered by the new domes(圆屋顶) that keep them evenly climatized all year round. Traffic is heavy, typically, but theres no need to worry. The traff
38、ic computer, which sends and receives signals to and from all cars on the road between cities, keeps vehicles at least 50 yds apart. There hasnt been an accident since the system began.Suddenly your TV phone buzzes. A business partner wants a sketch of a new kind of impeller your firm is producing f
39、or sports boats. You reach for your case and draw the diagram with a pencil-thin infrared flashlight(红外线手电筒) on what looks like a TV screen lining the back of the case. The diagram is sent to a similar screen in your partners office, 200 miles way. He presses a button and a fixed copy of the sketch
40、rolls out of the machine. He wishes you good luck at the coming meeting and signs off.Ninety minutes after leaving your home, you slide beneath the dome of your destination city. Your car slows down and heads for an outer-core office building where youll meet your colleagues. After you get out, the
41、vehicle parks itself in a garage to await your return. Private cars arent allowed inside most city cores. Moving sidewalks and trams(有轨电车) carry the public from one location to another.32. The traffic computer in your car can .A. keep your car at a safe distance from other carsB. keep your car at th
42、e same speed in different situationsC. keep your car receiving signals of TV programsD. keep your car driving while avoiding heavy traffic33. Why are the cities covered by the new domes?A. To prevent people from being wet in the rain.B. To stop the climate of the cities changing violently all year.C
43、. To protect the travelers against the strong sunshine.D. To make the city have the same weather all year.34. What will the city be like in the future?A. No accidents will happen because of heavy traffic.B. The sidewalk can move itself up and downC. The road will be built with the plastic material.D
44、. The car can park itself on a dome to wait for your return.35. The passage is most probably taken from .A. a popular science magazineB. a short story collectionC. a research paperD. a personal diary第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Things You Should Stop Doing to Be Succ
45、essfulAre you a happy person? How often do you think of reasons why everyone around you is successful though they are not better than you in general? What do you do wrong? Here are some things you should stop doing to be successful.1. 36 Different people may explain “success” in different ways: some
46、 of them measure it in money, other ones in positive changes to people around them and the world in general. 37 Dont worry about what other people think but come after what makes you happy.2. Do not believe anything without questioning it. 38 They are critical thinkers, and they understand that we a
47、ll are ruled by our prejudices, so they will always question new information.3. Do not worry about all unpredictable things that may happen to you.If you want to be successful, stop thinking about everything that MAY happen to you. 39 Be ready to improve and change your deeds and decisions when thin
48、gs suddenly dont go according to your plan.4. Do not care about what other people think of you. 40 Your attempts to become “good” for everyone will turn into nothing but new worries, stresses, and problems. Successful people do not concentrate on the quantity of people to please, but worry about the
49、ir quality and focus on developing friendships with people they really care about.A. Do not wait for the “right time” to do anythingB. Do not let others decide what “success” is for youC. Successful people do not just accept any new information to be true.D. As far as we all know, its impossible to
50、please all the people who surround us.E. Successful people never ignore or avoid problems, no matter how big and awful they seem.F. If you want to be successful, do not let others force their explanation of success on you.G. Try to feel comfortable with the reality and accept the fact that your futu
51、re cant be predicted.第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist? A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 41 of the facts he observes. He doesn
52、t accept ideas which are not 42 on obvious facts, and therefore refuses to accept authority as the only 43 for truth. He always checks ideas 44 and makes experiments to prove them.The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to 45 as far back as the time of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philoso
53、pher of Oxford, who lived between the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to 46 that we should learn science 47 observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself 48 many important truths.Galileo(1564-1642), 49 , who lived more than 300 years later, was
54、 the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, who began to show how many important 50 could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies 51 more rapidly towards the earth than small ones, 52 Aristotle said so. But Galile
55、o, going to the 53 of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 54 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileos 55 of going direct to nature, and proving our 56 and theories by experiment, that has 57 all the discoveries of modern science.What 58 those people good scientists? From the example
56、 of Galileo, we know clearly that 59 scientists are those whose observations have 60 better results.41. A. useB. senseC. speedD. trust42. A. reliedB. basedC. insistedD. centered43. A. reasonB. causeC. adviceD. result44. A. casuallyB. carefullyC. quicklyD. privately45. A. dateB. keepC. lookD. come46.
57、 A. commandB. suspectC. suggestD. conclude47. A. inB. withC. onD. by48. A. broughtB. discoveredC. handledD. announced49. A. howeverB. thereforeC. seldomD. never50. A. truthsB. problemsC. investigationsD. subjects51. A. threwB. fellC. ranD. rolled52. A. althoughB. becauseC. whenD. if53. A. placeB. fo
58、otC. topD. ceiling54. A. bigB. smallC. similarD. unequal55. A. spiritB. skillC. theoryD. wish56. A. plansB. opinionsC. worldD. ability57. A. led toB. turned toC. set upD. put forward58. A. makesB. preventsC. considersD. promises59. A. reasonableB. successfulC. expertD. sensitive60. A. foreseenB. rej
59、ectedC. producedD. challenged第卷（非选择题）第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The warm weather outside may look perfect for outdoor exercise. But for those 61 are not that sporty, what would be 62 (nice) than having relaxing afternoon tea with a few good friends a
60、nd taking 63 break?But are you familiar with the culture of afternoon tea its origins, what 64 (include), and the proper etiquette(礼仪)? We sum up a few things you need to know about this traditional English custom so that you can enjoy it more. While the tradition of 65 (drink) tea dates back to abo
61、ut 3000 BC in China, it was not until the mid-17th century that the concept of “afternoon tea” first 66 (appear) in the UK. In 1840, Anna Maria Russell, the seventh Duchess of Bedford, started to ask for a tea tray with butter, bread and cakes at 4 pm every day, 67 she found she was hungry at that t
62、ime every day and the evening meal in her house was served late at 8 pm. She found this new habit difficult 68 (break) and soon invited other ladies to join her. This pause for tea quickly became a fashionable social event. 69 the 1880s, the upper class would put on gowns, 70 (glove) and hats for th
63、eir afternoon tea.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Western holidays such as Christmas, Valentines Day, are
64、getting more and more popular in China. Some Chinese people even get crazy at them. But at the same time, people seem to have more enthusiasm for our traditional festivals such as the Spring Festival and the Moon Festival. However, most people celebrate western holidays without know the meaning behi
65、nd them. They just go shopping, held parties and have fun.In my opinion, the celebration of western holidays is good way of learning about the western cultures, which help to promote understanding and communication between Chinese cultures and other cultures. However, the celebration can make our li
66、fe more interesting as well as. However, we should make greatly efforts to preserve and enrich their own traditional culture.第二节 书面表达（满分25分）生活中常有意外事故发生。假设你和你班同学李明从锅炉房打完开水，在回寝室的路上，李明的热水瓶突然破裂，开水烫伤了他的脚。于是你对此实施了必要的急救。请你结合此事，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文，向学校英文报Teens投稿，主要内容包括：1.描述事故发生的经过；2.你是如何实施急救的（冷水冲洗、送医院做进一步的处理）；3.
67、简要谈谈你对掌握一定急救知识的重要性的认识。参考词汇：锅炉房boiler house 热水瓶 thermos bottleAccidents happened suddenly. 英 语 答 案第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）【答案】1-5 BCBCA6-10BACBA11-15ABACC16-20 BACBA第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）A【答案】21-23 CCB【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们平时在进行急救的时候，正确地进行施救的做法。21.细节理解题。根据文章中的“Keep the victim lying down a
68、nd do not move him or her. You could make an injury worse if you move the victim.”可知，不要移动受害者，否则你可能会使他/她的伤势恶化，故选C。22.细节理解题。结合文章中的“Cover the victim with a blanket. Coats and sweaters can be used if a blanket cannot be found.”可知，给受害者盖上一条毛毯，如果找不到毛毯，就使用外套或者毛衣，故选C项。23.细节理解题。结合最后一段中的“The victim may believe
69、 that the condition is worse than it really is.”可知，受害者可能会认为情况比真实的情况更糟糕，故选B项。B【答案】24-27 DBBC【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。在一场争论中，大多数情况下双方都不会改变自己持有的观点，反而会更加坚定。因此，不要轻易与他人争论。24.细节理解题。根据第二段中的第五句可知，作者为了获得一种被看重的感觉，公开指出了那位讲故事的人的错误。故D选项正确。25.句意理解题。根据划线句后讲故事的人的反应可知，他听到作者的指正后并没有改变自己的观点。故B选项正确。26.推理判断题。根据第三段和第五段可知，Frank Gammond
70、明知那位讲故事的人的说法是错的，但是为了给对方面子，他没有站在作者的一边指出他的错误，由此可推知他是一个考虑周到的人。故B选项正确。27.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者从朋友那里得到的启示是：不要轻易与他人争论，因为争论后双方往往会更加坚定自己的立场，没有赢家。故C选项正确。C【答案】28-31 DDCA【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了过度包装的现状、人们对包装的认识和过度包装的危害，指出虽然有更多人已经开始循环利用，但形势很严峻，要想改变状况是一项艰巨的任务。28.词义猜测题。根据第一段划线后（但如果我们一开始不带那么多的材料回家，情况会好得多。）可推知划线部分意义应为过度消费，故选D
71、项。29.推理判断题。根据第二段中引用的数字“The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical households waste in the UK.”（从1999年到2005年，包装总量增加了12%。它现在占了英国典型家庭垃圾的三分之一。）可知，作者使用数字的目的是为了让读者清楚地理解过度包装的现实问题，故D项正确。30.推理判断题。第四段讲述了人们对于包装不好的物品的固有认识，即：人们普遍认为包装不好的物品质量肯定差，可以推断出
72、以包装评判产品是不对的，故C项为正确答案。31.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.”可知，我们需要面对我们消费文化中的浪费，但我们还有一座高山要攀登，所以回收利用抗击浪费任务艰巨，故A项为正确答案。D【答案】32-35 ABCA【解析】本文主要通过描述一个人开车上班，以及途中各种先进技术的使用等介绍了在2028年生活的情况。32.细节理解题。从第二段中的“The traffic computer, which sends
73、and receives signals to and from all cars on the road between cities, keeps vehicles at least50 yds apart.”可知，交通电脑可以使汽车之间的距离相隔至少50码（约46米），使汽车保持安全的距离。故选A。33.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“many of them covered by the new domes that keep them evenly climatized all year round.”可知，城市上空的圆屋顶能够保持城市的气候变化不剧烈，比较均匀，所以选B。34.细节理解
74、题。从第二段中的“driving over the smooth plastic road”可知道路是塑料建造的，故选C项。由第二段的最后一句“There hasnt been an accident since the system began”可知A项错误；由最后一段最后一句“Moving sidewalks and trams carry the public from one location to another.”可知B项错误；由最后一段中的“the vehicle parks itself in a garage to await your return.”可知D项错误。35.主
75、旨大意题。本文主要介绍了未来在2028年，人们在日常生活中使用各种先进技术的一些情况，属于科技方面的内容，因此本文最有可能选自科普杂志。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）【答案】36-40 BFCGD【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了取得成功，应该停止做的四件事。36.此处是本段小标题。根据其他小标题的句式及该段落中的首句和最后一句可以推知B项符合语境，应选B项。37.根据空前一句（不同的人对成功的定义不同）和空后一句可知应选F项。38.根据小标题和C项中的“not just accept any new information to be true”与该段中的ques
76、tion new information相呼应可知，此处应选C项。39.本段主要讲的是不要担心可能会发生在你身上的不可预见的事情，根据空前说的如果想要成功，就不要去想任何或许会发生在你身上的事情可知，这里应进一步说明，故选G项。40.根据小标题及D项中的“please all the people”与该段中的“the quantity of people to please”相呼应可知，应选D项。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）【答案】41-45 ABABA46-50 CDBAA51-55 BBCDA56-60 BAABC【
77、解析】本文为议论文。一个科学家应该具备出色的洞察力，不能盲目相信他人，应该通过观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论。41.考查固定词组。A. use：使用；B. sense：意识；C. speed：速度；D. trust：信任。根据语境可知此处是make full use of“充分利用，充分使用”这一固定词组。故A选项正确。42.考查固定词组。A. relied：依靠；B. based：基于；C. insisted：坚持；D. centered：集中。根据该空前的“He doesnt accept ideas”和后面的“on obvious facts”可知选B。be based on是固定词组
78、，表示以为基础，基于。43.考查名词。句意：为了真相，他拒绝接受权威作为唯一的理由。A. reason：理由；B. cause：起因；C. advice：建议；D. result：结果。结合下文他总是自己观察做实验去证实，故A选项正确。44.考查副词。A. casually：随便地；B. carefully：仔细地；C. quickly：迅速地；D. privately：私下地。此处表示仔细地梳理想法。故B选项正确。45.考查动词。A. date back：追溯到；B. keep back：阻止；C. look back：回顾；D. come back：回来。由下文的the years 121
79、4 and 1292可知，现代科学的兴起可以追溯到很早的时期。故A选项正确。46.考查动词。A. command：命令；B. suspect：怀疑；C. suggest：建议；D. conclude：推断。根据空后的内容可知，这里应是Roger Bacon提出的建议。故C选项正确。47.考查介词。A. in：在中；B. with：随着；C. on：在上；D. by：通过。根据后面的“observing and experimenting on the things around us”可知，此处表示通过观察我们周围的事物并做实验。故D选项正确。48.考查动词。A. brought：带来；B.
80、discovered：发现；C. handled：处理；D. announced：宣布。结合空后的many important truths可知，他本人发现了很多重要的真理。故B选项正确。49.考查副词。A. however：然而；B. therefore：所以；C. seldom：很少；D. never：从不。上文说Roger Bacon也许是中世纪第一个建议通过观察和实验的方式来学习科学的人，此处表示转折，然而，伽利略是几个伟大的人物中最伟大的一个。故A选项正确。50.考查名词。A. truths：事实，真理；B. problems：问题；C. investigations：调查；D. s
81、ubjects：主题。由空后的“could be discovered by observation”可知，很多真理可以通过观察而被发现。上文中的many important truths也是提示。故A选项正确。51.考查动词。A. threw：扔；B. fell：落下；C. ran：跑；D. rolled：滚动。根据下文中的let fall可知，空处应选fell。故B选项正确。52.考查连词。A. although：虽然；B. because：因为；C. when：当的时候；D. if：如果。根据Aristotle said so可知，这里表示因为亚里士多德是这样说的。故B选项正确。53.考
82、查名词。A. place：地方；B. foot：脚下；C. top：顶部；D. ceiling：天花板。结合空后的of the Leaning Tower of Pisa可知，伽利略跑到了比萨斜塔的塔顶。故C选项正确。54.考查形容词。A. big：大的；B. small：小的；C. similar：相似的；D. unequal：不均等的。此处表示使用了两块不同重量的石头，故D选项正确。55.考查名词。A. spirit：精神；B. skill：技能；C. theory：理论；D. wish：愿望。由后面的“of going direct to nature”可知，此处表示科学精神（sprin
83、t）。故A选项正确。56.考查名词。A. plans：计划；B. opinions：观点；C. world：世界；D. ability：能力。与后面“and theories by experiment”中的theories呼应，此处表示通过实验证明我们的观点和理论。故B选项正确。57.考查动词。A. led to：导致；B. turned to：转向；C. set up：建立；D. put forward：提出。这里是说正是伽利略的这种精神使得现代科学能有所发现。结合语境。故A选项正确。58.考查动词。A. makes：使得；B. prevents：阻止；C. considers：考虑；D.
84、 promises：许诺。此处是说什么使这些人成为好的科学家。故A选项正确。59.考查形容词。A. reasonable：理智的；B. successful：成功的；C. expert：熟练的；D. sensitive：敏感的。此处是指成功的科学家。故B选项正确。60.考查动词。A. foreseen：预见；B. rejected：拒绝；C. produced：生产；D. challenged：挑战。根据语境，此处指那些科学家们的观察得出了更好的结果。故C选项正确。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）【答案】61. who62. nicer63. a64. is included6
85、5. drinking66. appeared67. as/for/because68. to break69. During/In70. gloves【解析】本文介绍了英式下午茶的起源。61.考查关系代词。分析句子的结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为those，指人，并在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词who引导。故填who。62.考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及空后的than可知，此处应使用比较级。故填nicer。63.考查冠词。take a break意为休息一下，是固定短语。故填a。64.考查动词的时态和语态。根据上下文可知，此处应用一般现在时；且此处表示被动，故填is included。
86、65.考查非谓语动词。分析句子的结构可知，此处要用动词-ing形式作介词of的宾语。故填drinking。66.考查时态。根据时间状语until the mid-17th century可知，此处用一般过去时。故填appeared。67.考查连词。根据语境可知，前后表示因果关系。故填as/for/because。68.考查非谓语动词。此处表示她发现这个新习惯难以改掉，根据空前表示性质的形容词difficult可知，这里应用不定式。故填to break。69.考查介词。During/In the 1880s意为在19世纪80年代。故填During/In。70.考查名词复数。glove为可数名词，
87、且其前没有限定词，故此处要用名词复数形式。故填gloves。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）【答案】1.第二句，at改为about2.第三句，more改为less3.第四句，know改为knowing4.第五句，held改为hold5.第六句，在good前加a6.第六句，help改为helps7.第七句，However改为Besides8.第七句，删掉第二个as9.第八句，greatly改为great10.第八句，their改为our【解析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了中国人热衷于过洋节这一现象并发表了自己的看法。1.考查固定搭配。句意：甚至有些中国人对它们很
88、狂热。be crazy about表示“对狂热”，故at改为about。2.考查形容词比较级。句意：与此同时，人们似乎对春节、中秋节这样的传统节日不太热情。根据句意可知此处表示“更少”，故more改为less。3.考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，大多数人庆祝西方节日却不知其背后的意义。介词without后接动名词作宾语，故know改为knowing。4.考查时态。根据go和have判断此处用一般现在时，故held改为hold。5.考查冠词。句意：我认为，庆祝西方节日是一种学习西方文化的好方式，这有助于促进中国文化和其他文化之间的理解和交流。way是可数名词，此处用不定冠词表示泛指，故在good前加
89、a。6.考查主谓一致。此处是非限定性定语从句，句中的关系代词which指的是a good way，谓语应该用第三人称单数，故help改为helps。7.考查副词。此处表示并列而非转折关系，故However改为Besides。8.考查as well与as well as的区别。as well as连接两个并列的成分，此处用as well作状语，表示“也、还”，第二个as是多余的，故删掉第二个as。9.考查形容词。句意：我们应该努力保护和丰富我们自己的传统文化。修饰名词efforts用形容词，故greatly改为great。10.考查代词。根据句意可知此处表示“我们的”，故their改为our。第
90、二节 书面表达（满分25分）【范文】Accidents happened suddenly. That day, Li Ming and I were on our way back after fetching some boiling water from the boiler house when a sound of explosion scared us. Li Mings thermos bottle burst and the boiling water caused severe injuries to his feet. The burn was so severe that
91、 the skin was red and swollen. I could tell Li Ming was in extreme pain.I managed to stay calm, quickly searching for what I had learnt from my first-aid class. Immediately, I carried him to the water tap nearby and put his feet under the cold running water until the pain lessened. Afterwards, I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital where he received further treatment. Only then was I aware what a difference a basic knowledge of first aid can make, especially in such a case.
